PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

1
PERSONALPROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• Presented by the Office of Environmental Health
  and Safety

2
SAFETY THROUGH TEAMWORK

• Nothing is so important that it can not be done
  safely.

3
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be
  provided when necessary by reason of hazards
  encountered that are capable of causing injury or
  impairment
• PPE is not a substitute for engineering, work
  practice, and/or administrative controls
  
• Use of PPE does not eliminate the hazard so if
  the equipment fails then exposure occurs
  
• Must be worn to provide protection

4
OSHA PPE STANDARD

• 29 CFR 1910.132
• Assess the workplace to determine if hazards are
  present
  
• Select and provide appropriate PPE that fits each
  affected employee
  
• Train employees on how to use PPE correctly

5
HAZARD ASSESSMENT

• The employer must assess the workplace to
  determine if hazards are present that necessitate
  the use of PPE
  
• Hazards encountered may include chemical
  exposures, falling or dropping objects,
  particulates, temperature extremes, light
  radiation, moving equipment and parts, sharp
  objects, etc.

6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
PPE SELECTION

• Protects each employee from identified hazards
• Is of safe design and construction
• Is sanitary and reliable
• Provides each employee with a good fit
• Meets American National Standards Institute
  (ANSI) standards or other applicable approval
  agency standard

9
PPE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

• When is PPE necessary
• What PPE is necessary
• How to properly don, doff, adjust and wear PPE
• The limitations of PPE
• The proper care, maintenance, useful life and
  disposal of PPE

10
PPE RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS

• Changes in the workplace
• Changes in types of PPE to be used
• Inadequacies in an affected employees knowledge
  or use of assigned PPE indicate that the employee
  has not retained training
  
• Accident Investigations

11

• ROUTES OF EXPOSURE
• - Inhalation
• - Skin Absorption
• - Ingestion
• Knowing the hazards and
• how to protect yourself is the
• key to your safety

12
TYPES OF PPE

• EYE FACE PROTECTION
• RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
• HEAD PROTECTION
• FOOT PROTECTION
• ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES
• HAND SKIN PROTECTION
• HEARING PROTECTION

13
EYE FACE PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where there
  is exposure to eye and face hazards from flying
  particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids,
  caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors or
  potentially injurious light radiation
• Must comply with ANSI Z87.1-1989

14
THE EYE

• LENS- focuses light
• IRIS- controls amount of light entering eye
• RECEPTORS- "pick up" images
• OPTIC NERVE- serves as a "cable" to transmit
  information from the receptors in your eye to
  your brain.

Your eye is made of soft tissues and blood ves
sels.
Damage your eyes, and you have big trouble.
Trouble that is often permanent.
15
EYE FACE PROTECTION

• Thousands of people are blinded each year from
  work-related injuries
  
• With eye or face protection, injuries can be
  prevented
  
• One incident is all it takes

16
TYPES OF EYE FACE PROTECTION

• Spectacles
• Goggles
• Face Shields
• Welding Goggles/Helmets

17
(No Transcript)
18
PRESCRIPTION SAFETY GLASSES

• Employee obtains prescription form from EHS
• Form is completed by examining Optical
  Professional
  
• Employee returns completed form to EHS for
  processing
  
• Glasses will be shipped to Optical Professional
  for fitting
  
• Facilities Services pays 80.00 towards purchase
• Employee responsible for costs in excess of this
  amount and those associated with exams and fitting

19
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where
  effective engineering controls are not feasible
  to protect the health of the employee from
  harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes,
  sprays or vapors
• Must comply with NIOSH/MSHA

20
LUNG DAMAGE

• Inhalation of hazardous materials damages
  delicate structures of the lung
  
• Damaged lungs are more susceptible to
  respiratory disease
  
• Most direct route to the bloodstream

21
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

• Exposure levels exceed the PEL
• During installation of engineering or work
  practice controls
  
• Maintenance and repair activities that may result
  in exceeding the PEL
  
• Emergency Response where type and/or
  concentration of contaminant is unknown
  
• Voluntary Usage

22
TYPES OF RESPIRATORS

• Air-purifying
• Supplied-air
• Combination

23
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

• Medical Exam
• Selection based on hazard
• Fit Testing
• Facial Hair
• Inspection of Equipment
• Specific Training on Operation
• Limitations

24
HEAD PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where there
  is a potential for injury to the head from
  falling or moving objects or when they are
  exposed to electrical conductors which could be
  contacted by the head
• Must comply with ANSI Z89.1-1986

25
HEAD PROTECTION
Injuries to the head could involve your
-brain -eyes
-nose
-mouth. For this reason, head protection and saf
ety are very important.
26
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Electrical Shocks
Head Impact
Splashes, Spills Drips
-materials can irritate and burn eyes and skin
- falling or flying objects cause sprains,
fractures, and concussions.
-accidents result in shocks and burns
27
HEAD PROTECTION

• Bump Caps vs. Hard Hats
• Type 1 - full brim
• Type 2 - no encircling brim
• Class A - reduce the force of impact of falling
  objects and reduce danger of contact with
  low-voltage electrical conductors (proof tested
  at 2200 volts)
• Class B - reduce the force of impact of falling
  objects and reduce danger of contact with
  high-voltage electrical conductors (proof tested
  at 20,000 volts)
• Class C - reduce the force of impact of falling
  objects, but offer no electrical protection

28
HEAD PROTECTION

• Limited protection by REDUCING the force of small
  falling objects striking or penetrating the TOP
  of the shell
  
• Does not provide front, side or rear impact or
  penetration protection
  
• Inspect daily for signs of dents, cracks,
  penetrations, and any damage due to impact, rough
  treatment or wear
  
• If fails inspection, remove from service

29
FOOT PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where there
  is danger of foot injuries due to falling and
  rolling objects, slip hazards or objects piercing
  the sole, and where employees are exposed to
  electrical hazards
• Must comply with ANSI Z41-1991

30
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Impact Injuries Spills Splashes
Compression Injuries
Electrical Shocks Slipping
Temperature Extremes
31
FOOT PROTECTION

• Impact and compression protection for toes
• Metatarsal protection
• Electrical hazard protection (600 volts or less
  under dry conditions)
  
• Conductive protection (minimize static
  electricity)
  
• Protection against punctures and penetration

32
FOOT PROTECTION

• Slip resistant soles
• Compatible with environment
• Assure proper fit
• Inspect for cuts, tears, cracks, worn soles and
  other damage
  
• Care for footwear according to manufacturers
  recommendations
  
• Shoe truck procedures

33
ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES

• Required when employees are in areas where there
  may be exposure to substantial electrical
  voltage
  
• Rubber is considered best material
• Must comply with ANSI requirements for rubber
  insulating gloves, matting, blankets, hoods, line
  hose and sleeves
  

34
HAND SKIN PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where their
  hands and body are exposed to skin absorption of
  harmful substances, severe cuts or lacerations,
  chemical or thermal burns, etc.
• Protection must be compatible with hazard

35
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Traumatic Injuries Contact Injuries
Repetitive Motion
- contact with toxic chemicals, biological
substances, electrical sources, extreme
temperatures
- same hand movement over extended time periods
- cuts, punctures, sprains or crushing from
equipment
36
SELECTION OF GLOVES/CLOTHING

• Dependent upon type of hazard
• Check MSDS for guidelines for chemical hazards
• Not every job requires gloves as they can become
  a hazard
  
• Allergies - Latex, powder
• Clothing and jewelry can also become hazards

37
GLOVE/CLOTHING SELECTION

• Choose compatible material as no one material is
  suited for all chemicals
  
• May be well suited for one and dangerous for
  another
  
• Manufacturers chemical resistance guide
• Be careful with chemical combinations
• Decontamination vs. Disposal
• Personal Hygiene - wash up

38
Chemical Compatibility
Chemical Compatibility
Glove Material NITRILE
Challenge Chemical Degradat
ion Breakthrough Time
Permeation Rate lsopropanol
E
480 min.
.001 Breakthrough Time The elapsed time
between initial contact of the chemical on the
glove surface and the analytical detection on the
inside of the glove. Typically expressed as a
greater than symbol (), the example shows the
test was run for 480 minutes and then stopped.
Also may be expressed as 'ND" for none detected
Degradation A change in one or more of the p
hysical properties of a glove due to contact with
a chemical. Can appear as a swelling, softening,
shrinkage or cracking of the material. Rating
example is E" for excellent, meaning the glove
has little or no signs of degradation when
exposed to the challenge chemical. A good
degradation rating does not guarantee an
acceptable breakthrough time.
Permeation Rate The rate at which a chemical pa
sses through a glove material. This process
involves absorption on the glove surface, the
diffusion of the chemical through the material,
and the desorption on the glove's inside surface.
This is a complex measurement pg/cm2/MIN
(micrograms per square centimeter per minute).
This measurement is also limited to the 'LDL" or
Lower Detection Limit of the equipment used. The
example given is .001, but is sometimes expressed
as 'E" or 'P" for excellent or poor.
39
GLOVE SELECTION

• Thickness - consider required sensitivity and
  flexibility required to do job - thinner material
  will sacrifice chemical resistance
  
• Length
• Finishes and Linings

40
HEARING PROTECTION

• Required when employees are in areas where there
  is exposure to excessive noise levels (8 hour TWA
  85 dbA)
  
• Recommended for use in high noise areas such as
  MERs and for use with high noise operations
  
• Must have appropriate NRR (muffs do not always
  provide more protection)
  

41
HEARING PROTECTION Damage to the delicate structu
res in your ear can cause one of two types of
hearing loss

• CONDUCTIVE - blocks transmission of sound to
  inner ear - medical/surgical treatment available
  for most
  
• SENSORINEURAL - involves organ of Corti and
  auditory nerve - almost always irreversible

Most hearing loss in the workplace is
sensorineural.
42
CARE OF PPE

• Always check PPE for damage before and after you
  use it
  
• Clean PPE before storing
• Dispose of and replace damaged PPE
• Properly store PPE and avoid conditions that
  could damage it, such as heat, light, moisture,
  etc.
  

43
PPE Acquisition Replacement

• PPE is provided by Supervisor
• If performing activity and you do not have PPE,
  contact Supervisor for PPE prior to starting
  activity
  
• Employee may be responsible for lost or damaged
  PPE
  
• State Equipment Use Policy

44
EMPLOYEERESPONSIBILITIES

• Employees must use PPE in accordance with
  training and instructions
  
• Most job activities require the use of PPE
• PPE use is a requirement of the job
• If the employee cannot use the PPE then
  alternative PPE must be selected, the job must be
  modified to eliminate the hazard requiring PPE or
  the employee must change jobs

45
EMPLOYEERESPONSIBILITIES

• Employee cannot sign waiver and accept risk of
  injury
  
• Would not remove liability
• Unethical to knowingly place an employee in an
  unprotected hazardous situation
  
• PPE is provided to protect employee and is not
  intended as an inconvenience
  

46
EMPLOYERRESPONSIBILITIES

• The employer SHALL ensure that employees are
  provided and use appropriate personal protective
  equipment when they are exposed to hazards
  requiring their use
• Use of PPE has been incorporated into employee
  work plans and will be enforced as any other key
  responsibility/dimension including disciplinary
  action and may affect workers compensation
  eligibility

47
TEST TIME

• QUESTIONS

48
PPE QUIZ

• 1. PPE
• A - is an engineering control
• B - eliminates the hazard
• C - should be used for primary protection
  against hazards
  
• D - none of the above

49
PPE QUIZ

• 2. Eye and face protection must
• A - Be appropriate for the hazard
  and fit properly
  
• B - Not interfere with the wearers
  movements
  
• C - Be easy to clean and kept in good
  repair
  
• D - All of the above

50
PPE QUIZ

• 3. A Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) with a high
  number provides
  
• A - Less protection against noise
• B - More protection against noise
• C - Information as to whether or not a plug
  is disposable
  
• D - None of the above

51
PPE QUIZ

• 4. The OSHA PPE Standard requires the employer
  to
  
• A - assess the workplace for hazards
• B - Select and provide PPE
• C - Train employees
• D - All of the above

52
PPE QUIZ

• 5. What route of entry is the most direct
  route to the bloodstream?
  
• A - ingestion
• B - inhalation
• C - absorption
• D - none of the above

53
PPE QUIZ

• 6. When face shields are required
• A - the shield must be tempered glass
• B - they cannot be shared
• C - employee must also use safety glasses or
  goggles
  
• D - None of the above

54
PPE QUIZ

• 7. According to the OSHA PPE Standard,
  training must be provided upon initial
  employment and
  
• A - Annually
• B - Every 3 years
• C - When employee improperly uses PPE
• D - does not have to be provided again

55
PPE QUIZ

• 8. PPE is selected based on
• A - cost
• B - availability
• C - hazards the employee is exposed to
• D - what EHS wants to do

56
PPE QUIZ

• 9. When selecting hearing protection, the most
  important factor is
  
• A - fit
• B - noise reduction factor
• C - cost
• D - appearance

57
PPE QUIZ

• 10. If an employee loses or damages PPE
  issued to them, they
  
• A - will be issued new PPE
• B - may be responsible for replacing the
  PPE
  
• C - will not have to use PPE
• D - None of the above

58
PPE QUIZ

• 11. PPE must be inspected
• A - annually
• B - monthly
• C - before and after each use
• D - when you feel like it

59
PPE QUIZ

• 12. TRUE or FALSE
• Conductive hearing loss is almost always
  irreversible.

60
PPE QUIZ

• 13. TRUE or FALSE
• Employees do not have to use PPE if they sign a
  waiver.

61
PPE QUIZ

• 14. TRUE or FALSE
• If you have a beard you cannot wear a respirator.

62
PPE QUIZ

• 15. TRUE or FALSE
• Hard hats provide adequate protection from all
  falling objects.

63
PPE QUIZ

• 16. TRUE or FALSE
• If you wear gloves there is no need to wash your
  hands when you complete the job.

64
PPE QUIZ

• 17. TRUE or FALSE
• Disciplinary action can be taken against an
  employee if they do not use PPE.

65
PPE QUIZ

• 18. TRUE or FALSE
• Nitrile gloves will protect your hands from all
  types of chemical exposures.

66
PROGRAM WRAP-UP

• Test Review
• Questions
• For additional information please contact EHS at
  893-4428, visit our website at www.lhup.edu/ehs
  or stop by the office at 102 Glennon.