Biogeography Chapter 1

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Biogeography Chapter 1

• Ecological biogeo
• Type of distribution
• Limiting factors
• Historical biogeo
• Vicariance

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1. What is ecological biogeography?

• Ecology The study of the interactions of
  organisms with their environment and with each
  other.
• Eco oikos house
• Ology study of

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1. Cont eco biogeography

• Abiotic,
• biotic factors
• natural history determine where species live.

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2. Abotic factors

• Temperature
• Light
• Soil type
• Chemistry (Ph, oxygen, carbon dioxide)
• Geology
• Topography
• Fire
• Water
• Air currents

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2. Biotic factors

• Parasites
• Predators
• Others of same species interacting
• Diseases
• humans

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2. Natural history

• Life history
• Adaptations
• Reproduction
• Behavior
• Dispersal methods
• Response to environment

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3. How is distribution studied over time and
space?
time
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4. How is distribution studied over space?
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5. Cont example time and space

• Space (and time)

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6. What are limiting factors?

• Oxygen
• Ph
• Temperature
• light

Narrow middle 20 only
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7. Ecological limits

• Speckled grasshopper
• West north america
• Wide distribution
• Needs bare ground for mating
• Limited dispersal

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7. Ring ouzel

• Mountain blackbird
• Cool temperate zone
• Alps balkans
• Distribution changed with ice age
• Adapted for cooler climates

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8. Historical Biogeography

• Look at the past for explanation of current
  distribution

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9. vicariance

• The importance of geologic and climate events in
  determining species current distributions.

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10. tapirs

• Dispersal
• How did tapirs disperse?
• North america
• Fossils in europe
• Current distribution
• Related to horses

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10. Nestor parrots

• New zealand
• Africa, south america
• Teriary
• Forest birds evolved into mountain birds during
  ice age