Wave Particle Duality

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Wave Particle Duality

• Light behaves as both a wave and a particle at
  the same time!

• PARTICLE properties
• individual
• interaction
• dynamics Fma
• mass quantization
• position(time) localized
• mass
• spin
• COMMON properties
• energy, momentum, velocity

• WAVE properties
• collective
• interference superposition
• dynamics wave equation
• standing waves modes
• wavelength (freq) periodic
• dispersion
• polarization
• reflection, refraction, trans.
• diffraction Huygens

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Reflection, Diffraction, Interference animation
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Particle waves
phonon
photon
electron
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Electromagnetic waves
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Blackbody radiation Planck, BoltzmanStefan,
Wien
energy per photon
high frequency photons cost too much energy
density of modes
photons per mode
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Photoelectric effect Einstein
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X-rays Roentgen, Bragg, Laue, Duane-Hunt,
Compton
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Particle Waves de Broglie, Davisson-Germer
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Wave packets Fourier, Heisenberg
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Hydrogen atom Rutherford, Bohr
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Potential wells conservation of energy
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Schrödinger Equation
operators
tunneling
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See reviews of Exams II, III

• Separation of variables
• Hydrogen atom
• Angular momentum
• J L S
• Pauli exclusion principle
• Multi-particle wave function
• atoms
• molecules
• crystals
• Statistical mechanics
• degeneracy
• Maxwell-Boltzman, Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac
  distributions