Smart Growth and Sprawl

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Smart Growth and Sprawl

• Presented by the Whatchamacallits
• (Darrell Goodson and Cherlshee Bass)

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What is Sprawl?

• Sprawl consists of environments which is at a
  loss of green public space and has a great
  dependence on automotive travel.
• A lot of the area is developed and paved and it
  is expanding onto unused land instead of
  improving the existing monuments.

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Sprawl and Urban Environments

• Because sprawl is spreading out onto new lands,
  people will want to leave the cramped city and
  head to the new suburban homes. As a result,
  urban disinvestments occur.
• This causes the old city communities to wither
  and die out, leaving only those who couldnt pay
  the money to move.

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Preventing Sprawl

• For healthier cities, we should follow the ten
  principles of smart growth. What are theses
  principles? The next few slides will explain.

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The Ten Principles of Smart Growth

•         Use varieties of houses in communities
  like one, two, and three family houses, as well
  as the features in the houses.
•         Create centers close to the housing
  neighborhood to prevent use of automobiles.
•         Allow people who live in the community
  to help develop their own environment.
•         Use house development to bring people
  into the community.
•         Make choices that can benefit everyone,
  from those living in the community to those
  developing it.

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The Ten Principles of Smart Growth (continued)

•         In the process of developing
  communities, the keepsake of nearby greenland is
  also high priority.
•        In a community, development should allow
  residents to use different methods of getting
  around besides the car.
•         In communities that already exist but
  are in poor condition, instead of building new
  ones, the old should be updated.
•        Instead of spreading out new buildings,
  development should be on top of existing places
  to prevent land use.
•   Use the land of the community for a variety of
  uses like recreational and industrial.

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Further Explanation

• Now you know the ten principles, but which ones
  will have the greatest impact on the community.
  Why should you care about smart growth? Heres a
  clearer explanation on the most important parts
  of smart growth.

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Smart Growth Housing

• To improve the housing establishments the two
  most important are affordability and
  accessibility.
• Smart growth encourages low-price houses that is
  in good condition.
• Accessibility not only means easy, nearby access
  to the home but also access to other homes,
  families, and stores.

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Mix Land Use gt Single Land Use

• All the spare land in the above photo is paved
  over, which could be used as a open grass area
  for those willing to get away from the hustle and
  bustle of the city.
• If everything is in one area instead of spread
  out, the free space can be used to for parks and
  recreational facilities for people to relax.

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Schools Anchors of the Community

• Good schools means healthy, populated
  neighborhoods.
• If the neighborhood schools criteria and
  condition are below average, the family will most
  likely move from there to seek better
  opportunities.
• A strong school system could also lead to extra
  curricular activities that can bring the
  community together. Strong schoolstrong
  community.

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Transportation

• In the city of Newark, car transportation is the
  most widely used. There isnt much room to use
  other types such as scooters or bikes.
• People always have options, like taking the bus
  or subway to get downtown or walking or riding a
  bike to get to a nearby store, cutting down on
  the amount of pollution created.

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Compact Buildings and the Big Three

• People tend to avoid living in compact buildings
  because of the Big Three noise, lack of green
  space, and parking problems.
• If parking lots are built right behind the
  buildings, making sure that a large space is
  still green open space, as well as a restriction
  on loud noises during the day and night and
  soundproof walls, then the compact building will
  be in great place to live.

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1 Create Range of Housing Opportunities and
Choices
In the current state of most communities, houses
are either identical or similar in structure.
Either they all are 1-family houses or all are
apartment buildings, or apartments mixed with
3-family houses. In the smart growth plan,
communities should have a choice in which types
of houses and housing styles should be in there.
Also the choices shouldnt all be identical (i.e.
2 family houses with slightly different
structures and features.) This way, everyone
isnt crowded into large buildings or spread out
in single-family houses. It is all balanced out.
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2 Create Walk-able Neighborhoods
Creating walk-able neighborhoods means that
communities should be built in a way thats
pedestrian-friendly. In short, houses and
industries shouldnt be far from accessibility.
A person should be able to get out of his or her
house and travel to his or her destination
without having to use the car. Also, this can
lead the way to less pollution from the car
exhaust and less traffic in the streets.
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3 Mix Land Uses
The way the land is used to make neighborhoods
should be balanced. A big chunk of the land
shouldnt be used solely on one thing (lets take
industry for example) without considering
transportation, housing, and recreational
options. A section should be divided fairly and
safely. Its a hazard to put a recreational park
next to a waste dump. This way, there are no
problems concerning how the land is used.
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4 Provide a Variety of Transportation Choices
In Newark, a lot of travel is done by
automobiles. There isnt much room for bike
transportation or walking. In this method,
communities should be designed to allow people to
use all modes of transportation, limiting the use
for waste-producing and energy-consuming
automobiles. Examples could be a biking lane in
streets and more walkways.
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5 Strengthen and Direct Development Towards
Existing Communities
Building new communities is nice, but it takes up
new land and supplies to do so and this also
costs a lot of money. If developers can use the
old, rundown buildings in existing neighborhoods,
then at least the cost of repairs will be less
than the cost of working from the ground up.
This also saves useful land that can be used for
other activities without building over it.
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Smart Growth in Newark

• Newark is in the mist of revitalizing its
  downtown community with house and stadium
  development. However, as good as all this might
  sound, isnt exactly a good smart growth tactic.
• The usage of land (housing), not to mention the
  transportation to get around downtown because of
  the stadium causes wastes.
• A smart growth solution would be to revamp all
  the houses that need the touch-up instead of
  some.
• Specific routes to the new stadiums parking lot
  (which could be a multi-level parking garage
  instead of a huge parking lot) will also take
  care of the stadium problem.

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Upper Clinton Hill

• The neighborhood of choice.

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Where is Upper Clinton Hill?
Upper Clinton Hill is located in the south ward
of Newark. It is boarded by Avon Avenue in the
north, 21st street in the west, Route 78 in the
south, and Bergen Street in the east.
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The Clinton Hill Boundary
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Whats in Upper Clinton Hill?
Educational facilities
Residential areas
Commercial Corridor
Religious area
Highway Transportation
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About Upper Clinton

• Mostly residential with 1 and 2 family houses.
• Commercial corridor allows shopping nearby
  homes.
• Residential areas are alongside multiple
  schools.
• A highway (Interstate 78) to the south allows
  long distance travel.
• Religious groups and charities are also located
  in the area.

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Improvements to the Neighborhood
Bike route
Vacant buildings
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Closing Proposal

• There is a lack of open space in the area. The
  vacant building space can be used as individual
  playgrounds and medical centers.
• A bike route through the commercial corridor and
  other main routes can reduce the amount of
  pollution made by cars traveling.