National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCDC

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health/CDC

• Pesticide Related Activities

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NIOSH Pesticides

• Special thanks to Dr. Steve Olenchock and Dr.
  Geoff Calvert

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Occupational Safety and Health
Regulation/Enforcement
Research, Training, and Prevention Recommendations
Department of Labor
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Mine Safety And Health Administration
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health
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NIOSH Mission

• To provide leadership in research to prevent
  work-related illness, injury, disability, and
  death.

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NIOSH

• Research intramural and extramural
• Training
• Technical assistance
• Policy

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NIOSH
NIOSH Staff 1,400 FY02 Budget 276.1M
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State Partnerships
SENSOR
Adult Blood Lead Surveillance
National Occupational Mortality Surveillance
Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE)
CDC/
NIOSH
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Sensor-pesticides

• State-based surveillance
• Sentinel case identification and follow-up
• Timely opportunities for prevention/intervention
• Develop state-based models for national
  implementation
• Standardized case definition, variables, and
  severity index

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Sensor-pesticides

• Funding provided by NIOSH and EPA
• Funding began in 1987
• NIOSH technical advisor
• Geoff Calvert, (p) 513-841-4448, (f) 513-841-4489
  gcalvert_at_cdc.gov

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Sensor-pesticidesEstimate of Magnitude

• First aggregated data set was developed
• Data provided by AZ, CA, FL, LA, NY, OR, TX
• From 1998-1999, 1004 cases identified
• Definite96
• Probable258
• Possible540
• Suspicious110

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Distribution of cases by industry, 1998-1999
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Pesticide Functional Class, 1998-1999
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Ten Most Common Active IngredientsAcute
occupational pesticide-related illnesses,
1998-1999
Exposure Type Accounting for 40 or more of
Cases Contact w/ treated surface Drift Indoor
Air Contact w/ treated surface Indoor Air Spill
or other direct contact

• Common Name
• Sulfur
• Cyfluthrin
• Chlorpyrifos
• Malathion
• Pyrethrins
• Mepiquat chloride
• Propetamphos
• Methyl bromide
• Diazinon

Count 89 74 74 64 61 52 50 50 49

• and active ingredients in reported products

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Outbreaks/emerging Problems Recently Identified

• Nosocomial pesticide poisoning-Georgia, 2000
• Described 3 health care workers made ill by
  op-contaminated patient
• MMWR 2001491156-1158
• Poisoning associated with hydrogen
  cyanamide-Italy, 2001
• 23 cases Label lacked adequate precautionary
  info
• MMWR 200150845-847

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MMWR Surveillance Related to West Nile Virus
Control Efforts

• New York State
• 1999 and 2000

May pose risk of acute, temporary health effects
however, the risk appears to be low.
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Outbreaks/emerging problems recently identified

• Acute pesticide poisoning among working youth,
  1988-1999
• Used data from SENSOR-pesticides, TESS, and
  California Dept of Pesticide Regulation
• 531 poisoned youth were identified
• Working youth found to have higher risk of
  pesticide poisoning compared to adults (incidence
  rate ratio1.71 95CI1.53, 1.91)
• Accepted for publication in AJPH

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Outbreaks - continued

• Acute disinfectant poisoning among working youth,
  1993-1998
• Identified 308 youth poisoned by disinfectants
• Working youth found to have higher risk of
  pesticide poisoning compared to adults (incidence
  rate ratio4.14 95CI3.66, 4.68)
• Manuscript in preparation

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Other Accomplishments

• Finalized the severity index
• Developed a webpage for sensor-pesticides
• http//www.cdc.gov/niosh/pestsurv/
• How-to guide for pesticide poisoning surveillance
• Preparing responses to internal review comments
  on draft document
• First guide on developing a state-based
  surveillance program
• Guides for other conditions are now in development

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NIOSH National Program in Agricultural Safety
Health
Intramural
Child Ag
SENSOR
Grants
Community Partners
International
Ag Centers
Est. 1990
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Centers for Agricultural Disease Injury
Research, Education, and Prevention
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Community Partners for Healthy Farming
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Childhood Agricultural Injury Prevention
Initiative
Child Ag Center Grants Intramural
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Reduction of Ergonomic Hazards in Harvesting Wine
Grapes

• Reduce weight to below 50 pounds
• Outcome
• lt back, neck, shoulder and knee pain

No decrease in productivity
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Reducing Eye Injuries and Illnesses in Latino
Farmworkers

• Trained 18 Promotores
• Culturally acceptable eye PPE
• Custom-fit 640 Farmworkers