TVS COMPONENT FUNDAMENTALS

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TVS COMPONENT FUNDAMENTALS

• The What, How, Why Where of Protection

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What is a TVS Component?

• Acronym for Transient Voltage Suppressor
• A.K.A. Surge Protective Device Component (SPDC)
• Available Technologies
• Avalanche Breakdown Diode (ABD)
• A.K.A. TVS Diode
• Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV)
• Steering Diodes (SD)
• Thyristor Surge Suppressor (TSS)
• Gas Discharge Tube (GDT)

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What is a TVS Component?
TVS Components Gas Discharge Tube Metal Oxide
Varistor Avalanche Breakdown Diode Thyristor
Surge Suppressor Steering Diode
Industry Designation GDT MOV ABD TSS SD
Application Telecom/ Data Line Secondary AC
Power Line Board Level/ Data DC Pwr Telecom/
Power Cross High Speed I/O Port
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How does a TVS Component Work?

• TVS Devices Do
• Clamp Transient Voltages
• Divert Transient Currents
• Protect Between Line-to-Line Line-to-Ground
• TVS Devices DO NOT
• Interfere with Signal Integrity
• Cause Excessive Insertion Loss
• Conduct Excessive Leakage Current

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How Does a TVS Diode Work?

• Similar to a Zener Diode with a larger junction
  area characterized for voltage suppression
• Unidirectional and Bidirectional Configurations

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How Does a TVS Diode Work?

• The positive transient is clamped by the TVS.

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Disadvantages of Other Technologies

• Polymer Suppressors
• High Clamping Voltage, Fails Short Wear Out
• Zener Diodes
• Limited Peak Pulse Current Capability
• On-Chip Protection Networks
• Limited Peak Pulse Current Capability High
  Clamping Voltage

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Comparison Chart
100,000
GDT
10,000
MOV / TSS
1,000
IPP Peak Pulse Current - Amps
100
ABD / MLV / SD
10
.1 1
10 100 1,000
Td Pulse Duration - µs
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Comparison of MLV and TVS F.C.
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Why Use TVS Components?

• Industry Standard Requirements
• ESD, EFT, Lightning ENxxxxx or IEC Standards
• Field Failures
• Cost of Compliance
• Secondary Lightning Effects
• Smaller IC Components
• Higher Pin Density ICs
• Due to miniaturization pins are closer together

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Where are TVS Components Used?

• Protection is Required at All Levels
• Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
• Equipment
• Systems (Buildings)
• Examples
• Modems, DSL Router Interfaces
• Ethernet I/O Ports
• USB, FireWire Ports
• AC Power Lines
• Power Bus Ports
• Keyboards, Ear Pieces Antennas

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Coordinated Protection

• I/O Ports Transients
• Power Bus Transients
• Ground Ground Bounce
• Shielding EMF/RFI

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Key Parameters for TVS

• Ip Peak current for certain surge waveform
• Vbr Breakdown voltage, larger than operating
  voltage Vwm
• Vcmax Maximum clamping voltage (_at_ Ip)
• Cj Capacitance(operating frequency)
• Ir Leakage current (_at_ operating voltage Vwm)

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Key Interface Locations
Application AC Power DC Power Bus Telephone Data
Lines (Signal) Video
587BxxxLP PACxxx 30KPAxx TEL185E 485ELC CX12ELC
PIP120 15KPAxx PLC01-6 SMLCxxC PLC03-6
15KPAxxC PSDxx PPxxxxSC,SB ULC0402FCxxC
ET724 GBLCxxC SRV05-4
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Computer I/O Ports
Application USB, DATA Lines RS-485 FireWire
(IEEE 1394) DC Power Bus
Circuit I/O Port Hand-Held Computer Network
Interface Internal Power Supply
ProTek Devices PSR05 or SRV05-4 SMDAxxLCC
PSM712 GBLCxxC PSD or P0402FCxxC
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Telecom Central Office Applications
Application High Speed Modem Telecom Interface
Card Intrabuilding Telecom
Circuit T1/E1, I/O Port T1-to-Ethernet T1
Protection
ProTek Devices PP3100SB/SC PLC03-3.3 GBLCxxC
PSOTxxC SMLCxxC-2 PLC01-6
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Cellular Phones
Application Ear/Microphone SIM Card Edge
Connector LCD Module Antenna
Circuit Voice Processor Data Port Video RF
ProTek Devices SFT701 EMIF2-xxFCC GBLCxxC
PSLCxxC GBLCxxC, SFC05-4 SFC05-5
EMIF6-100LFC SLVU2.8-4 EMIF10Q-200 GBLCxxC
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Military Applications
Application Communication Ckts DC Power
Supply Shipboard AC Power Data Comm Lines
Circuit CAN Bus 28V dc Bus 120V ac Bus RS-485
ProTek Devices PLC03-6, PUSB6B,
PSR05 704-15K36/36T PHP/PIP120 DLZxxCA 485ELC
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Design Specific Devices
ProTek Devices SMLC6.5C-2 P0402FC05C PLC01-6 PLC03
-6 PP0901SA PSR05 PP3100SC GBLCxxC STF701 ULC0402F
C05C
Application T1/E1 Access Wireless Phone Long-haul
Line Short-haul Line Soft Modem ISDN
S/T Modem Ethernet PDB Cell Phone
Threat GR 1089 EN61000-4-2 EN61000-4-5 EN61000-4-4
GR 1089-2nd EN61000-4-2 GR 1089-2nd IEC
61000-4-2 IEC 61000-4-2 IEC 61000-4-2
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Video Applications
Recommended Devices 1. SRV05-4 2. ET724,
ET721 3.EMIFxx-xxx Series
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Video Circuit Application
Recommended TVS Components PLCDA05C-6 Optional
Devices GBLC03C SLVDA2.8LC
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Audio Applications
Speaker
Recommended Devices 1. TVS/EMI filter
EMIFxx-xxx 2. FC TVS diode array
Microphone
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Gigabit Ethernet Application

• Recommended Products
• Lightning protection
• PLC03-3.3, -6
• Differential ESD Protection
• Vertical TVS
• SLVU2.8-4, -8
• SLVDA2.8LC

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DSL MODEM protection circuit
PTC
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Data DSL Modem

• Secondary lightning and
• ESD Protection
• Preferable devices
• Vertical TVS
• PP3100SB, EB
• PP2300SB, EB

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USB 2.0 and Firewire Applications
Differential ESD Protection Preferable devices
PSR05, Flipchip array GBLC03C
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Shipboard AC Power
Recommended TVS Components 60/90KS200C PHP120
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Power Application
ESD protection Preferable devices PSOT05C,
Flipchip
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RS-485 or RS-232 Application
Low Capacitance Protector Network
Recommended TVS Components PUSB6B, PSR05,
SMDAxxLCC, PSM712
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CAN Bus Application
Recommended TVS Components PUSB6B PSR05
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Ethernet Applications
10/100 Base T
Recommended TVS Components D1 PLC03-3.3, D2,
D3 GBLC03C, SLVDA2.8LC PLCDAxxC Optional
Devices IO6LC USB004
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Medical Applications

• LCD Display EMIFxx-xxx Series
• Pump SMDAxx Series SLVU2.8
• Sensors PSOTxx Series
• Implanted Devices GBLCxxC SLVU2.8 ULC040xFCxxC

SMDAxx
EMIFxx-xxx
GBLCxxC
SLVU2.8
PSOTxx
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Microprocessor Application
Recommended Device GBLCxx ULC040xFCxxC PSMSxxC
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AC Power Applications
The Clamping Voltage Waveform on PAC240 (10kA
current, 8/20us per IEC61000-4-5)
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DC Motor Application
Load
Recommended Product GPZ532 GPZ1275 10kW and 30kW

GPZ532
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Steps to Cost-Effective Protection

• Determine Environmental Threat Source
• Lightning, Switching, ESD, EFT, EMI/RFI
• Identify Probable Entry Point(s)
• System, Equipment, Card Edge or IC Component
• Estimate Transient Threat Level
• Transient Current, Duration Industry Standard
• Select TVS Component or Device
• Match TVS Parameters to Threat Circuit
  Requirements
• Design Circuit and/or PCB Layout
• Low Impedance Return Path (Ground)
• Verify Circuit Performance
• For Functionality, Conformance Compliance

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IC Failure from ESD without TVS
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