Multi-dimensional Clustering Analysis Ex: Cluster on Information

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Multi-dimensional Clustering AnalysisEx
Cluster on Information

• Goal Maximize information within watchstanders
  minimize info overlap when unnecessary
• Conduct_DCA Control_DCA use similar info
  Review_ID Conduct_engage-ment do not.

Info Task
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Phase D Engineering Team Interactions

• Uniquely assign tasks when possible to minimize
  routine communications between team members
• May need to split tasks if individuals are
  overloaded
• Detailed Modeling Tool

Note Splitting tasks introduces new
communication workload
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Intra- and Inter-Task Analysis
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Example Objective Balancing Workload in the
Team
Instant Workload
Threshold
0
Objective 1
Workload Accumulation Balance
DM1
DM2
DM3
DM4
DM5
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Notional Workload Analysis
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Outline of Presentation

• Value of modeling C2 Organizations
• Prescriptive vs. descriptive modeling
• Model-Based Experimentation
• TIDE modeling approach
• C2 Design Example AWACS
• How to use TIDE products

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AWACS Design Challenge
How do you design an optimal command control
teams for complex, variable AWACS missions to
take advantage of advanced information fusion
technology?

• TIDE Design Approach
• Mission analysis
• What needs to be done
• What information is available
• Task analysis
• How is it done
• What information is used
• Organizational analysis
• How is information shared
• Who does what

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Example AWACS Crew Optimization

• Human-Centered Re-Engineering of AWACS Command
  and Control Teams (REAC2T)
• Phase III SBIR Project funded by AWACS System
  Program Office ESC, Hanscom AFB
• Demonstrate proven, scientific approach to C2
  team design in AWACS domain
• Team Integrated Design Environment (TIDE)
• Present ACC/Wing with proof-of-concept for crew
  optimization
• Evaluate impact of information fusion on mission
  performance and operator functions
• Introduce optimized team structures to enhance
  mission performance

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AWACS Example Inputs to Mission Model

• Mission decomposition and evaluation
• Work with operational community to define current
  approach to mission completion
• CONOPS, tactics, roles, and responsibilities
• Red Flag Spin-Up Training
• Tinker AFB
• Live Fly Red Flag Exercises
• Five flights, Nellis AFB
• Cognitive Task Analysis
• Wing Tactics Office, Tinker AFB
• SD instructors Fighter Weapons School, Nellis AFB

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TIDE Prototype Software

• Mission task graphs are converted into data
  tables to serve as input for optimization
  algorithms

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Preliminary Results Baseline 14 Operator Task
Distribution
Max Workload 1400
Colors represent unique operational tasks
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Impact of Technology (MSI) InsertionNon-Optimize
d 14 Operator Configuration
Max Workload 950
Colors represent unique operational tasks
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Impact of Technology (MSI) InsertionOptimized
14 Operator Configuration
Max Workload 750
Colors represent unique operational tasks
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Impact of Technology (MSI) InsertionOptimized
12 Operator Configuration
Max Workload 800
Colors represent unique operational tasks
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Internal Communication Outgoing Messages
Baseline
MSI Non-Optimized 14
160
500
1. Technology Insertion
2. Optimal Team
MSI Optimized 14
MSI Optimized 12
3. Manning Optimization
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Summary Model-based Re-Engineering of AWACS
Command Control Teams (REAC2T)
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Outline of Presentation

• Value of modeling C2 Organizations
• Prescriptive vs. descriptive modeling
• Model-Based Experimentation
• TIDE modeling approach
• C2 Design Example
• How to use TIDE products

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TIDE Model Products

• Detailed Specification of Team Roles
• When Tasks are performed
• How Decision are made
• What Resources are used
• What Information is used
• What Communications are required

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Multiple Applications of TIDE Model
Interface Design
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Model-driven Measurement Process
Success in Meeting Training Objectives
How well are training objectives met?
Learning Objectives
Success at JTF Certification
in JTF Environment
Measurement
Improve by X
Challenges
Competencies
KSA Assessment
Knowledge, Skills,
Individual
What
KSAs
do learners have/lack?
and Abilities
Team
Diagnose individuals needs for additional
training
Team-of-Teams
Stimulated or Trained by...
Performance Measures by Task
Tasks
How well did learners perform?
Theories of
Performance Link
Skills to Behaviors to
Tasks
Put together into vignettes...
Scenario
Stories and
TIDE Model
MOPs Measurement Tools
events
Subject Matter Experts
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TIDE Integrated Toolset
Task Network Simulation
SIMULATION-BASED EVALUATION
ANALYSIS
DESIGN
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Some Current Military Applications of the TIDE
Modeling Methods and Tools

• Joint Task Force Adaptive Architectures for
  Command and Control (A2C2)
• Next Generation Navy Surface Ships (SC-21/DD-21)
• Human-Centered Re-Engineering of AWACS Command
  and Control Teams (REAC2T)
• Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) Control
  Center
• Kwajalein Radar/Missile Control Center (ATIDS)
• Air Operations for Time Critical Targets (JFACC)
• Time Critical Targeting Cell in Air operations
  (CAOC)
• Effects-Based Operations in Operations Center
  (EBO)
• Army Future Combat Systems (FCS)
• Global Wargame JTF Org. Design and Assessment
• .

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Summary Why Model C2?

• TIDE is a method to optimize decision-making
  organizations to capitalize on advanced
  technology
• Model-based organizational structures are
  congruent with mission needs
• Modeling guides experimentation and performance
  assessment
• Analysis and design tool for system designers
• Cost and risk reduction
• New technology payoffs
• Mission/organization model serves multiple
  purposes
• Organizational design Provide alternative,
  optimized organizations
• Team training Highlight areas for team training
• Synthetic tasks Develop environments to train
  and evaluate teams
• Interface design Functional definition of GUI