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Bloodborne Pathogens

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Exposure to bloodborne pathogens can occur anywhere including your workplace. Infection on the job most often occurs by direct exposure to blood. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Bloodborne Pathogens


1
Bloodborne Pathogens
  • An overview of the OSHA standard designed to
    protect you from bloodborne pathogens

2
Introduction
  • Exposure to bloodborne pathogens can occur
    anywhere including your workplace.
  • Infection on the job most often occurs by direct
    exposure to blood.
  • At school, your risk is low because contact with
    blood is infrequent--but still possible.

3
Bloodborne Diseases
  • Blood can carry many diseases
  • The 3 most common are
  • HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
  • HBV (hepatitis B virus)
  • HCV (hepatitis C virus)

4
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • HIV attacks the bodys immune system
  • A person can be infected with HIV and take years
    to develop symptoms
  • Symptoms can be flu-like--fatigue, fever,
    diarrhea
  • A person infected with HIV will develop AIDS
    and/or AIDS related illnessescancer,
    neurological problems, opportunistic infections
  • HIV is transmitted through sexual contact or
    contact with blood and other body fluids
  • There is NO vaccine to prevent HIV

5
Hepatitis B Virus
  • Hepatitis--inflammation of the livercan cause
    serious liver damage, cirrhosis, and death
  • Symptoms can be flu-likefatigue, nausea,
    vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundiceand can become
    so severe that hospitalization is needed or a
    person may have NO symptoms at all
  • A person without symptoms may not know that he is
    infected
  • HBV can be transmitted by blood, saliva and other
    body fluids
  • HBV can be transmitted to family members, sexual
    partners and unborn infants

6
Hepatitis C Virus
  • HCV also affects the liver
  • Symptoms may be flu-like as with HBV
  • 75 of people with HCV have NO symptoms and 85
    of these will develop chronic liver disease
  • A blood test is needed to determine if the virus
    is HBV or HCV
  • HCV is the 1 indicator for liver transplant
  • There is NO vaccine to prevent HCV

7
Transmission
  • Bloodborne diseases are found in
  • Blood
  • Other body fluids containing visible blood
  • Semen or vaginal secretions
  • Loose or torn skin
  • Bloodborne diseases can enter the body through
  • Open cuts, abrasions, nicks in the skin
  • Dermatitis
  • Acne
  • Mucous membranes of eyes, mouth or nose

8
Transmission
  • Infection can be spread by injury from a
    contaminated object such as
  • Broken glass
  • Needles
  • Knives or other sharp metals
  • Indirectly, a person can transmit bloodborne
    diseases by touching an infected surface or
    object and transferring the disease to their
  • eyes
  • nose
  • mouth
  • open skin

9
Transmission
  • A major source for transmission of hepatitis is
    contaminated surfaces.
  • HBV can survive for at least one week on
    environmental surfaces at room temperature.

10
Standard Precautions
  • All persons are treated the same regardless of
    age, sex, socioeconomic class or geographic
    location.
  • Every person and every body fluid is treated as a
    potential source of infectious disease.

11
Exposure Control Plan
  • The School District of West Salem has developed
    its own Exposure Control Plan
  • The Plan
  • Identifies all staff involved
  • Identifies potential risks with each job
  • Determines ways to decrease risk of exposure to
    bloodborne pathogens on the job
  • A copy is found in each buildings nurses office

12
Protect Yourself
  • 5 strategies to decrease the risk of exposure to
    bloodborne pathogens
  • Work Practice Controls
  • Personal Protective Equipment
  • Housekeeping
  • Engineering Controls
  • Hepatitis B Vaccine

13
Work Practice Controls
  • Wash your hands
  • After glove removal
  • If you have direct contact with blood
  • Personal Hygiene
  • Do not consume food or beverage or apply make-up
    where occupational exposure is likely
  • Minimize splashing, spraying, or generation of
    droplets when blood is involved
  • Do not store food or beverage where it could come
    in contact with blood or other infectious
    materials

14
Personal Protective Equipment
  • Types of PPE
  • Gloves
  • Gowns
  • Protective eyewear
  • Masks
  • Resuscitation devices
  • The use of PPE is determined by the amount of
    anticipated exposure
  • The District provides any equipment that is needed

15
Personal Protective Equipment
  • General Rules
  • PPE must be appropriate for task
  • PPE must fit properly
  • PPE must be free from defects
  • PPE must be used each time there is contact with
    potentially infectious materials
  • Training on the use of PPE must occur

16
Personal Protective Equipment
  • Gloves
  • Must be worn when dealing with blood or other
    potentially infectious materials
  • Use once and dispose
  • Replace if torn or damaged
  • Wash your hands when task is done
  • Cover cuts and abrasions with band-aids first
  • Utility gloves may be decontaminated and reused
    if they are intact

17
Housekeeping
  • Contaminated surfaces need to be cleaned as soon
    as possible
  • Never handle sharp objectsbroken glasswith bare
    hands
  • Contaminated sharp objects must be placed in a
    puncture-resistant container
  • Custodians trained and equipped to clean up
    accidents in the classroom

18
Engineering Controls
  • Red cans
  • Dispose of contaminated waste-- drippable,
    pourable, squeezable-- ONLY
  • Located in each nurses office
  • If youre in doubt, use the red can

19
Hepatitis B Vaccine
  • The District provides this as a benefit for all
    employees considered at risk for exposure
  • If you have not had the vaccine, and would like
    to receive it,please see the nurse.
  • If you have an exposure and have not had the
    vaccine, you can begin the series within 24 hours
    (and complete it) to acquire protection

20
Exposure
  • Notify your supervisor and/or the nurse
  • You are entitled to
  • A confidential medical evaluation
  • Blood tests
  • Post-exposure treatment if available
  • Follow-up counseling
  • This is coordinated through Personnel and
    Gundersen Lutheran

21
Summary
  • Treat everyone the same
  • Anticipate your exposure
  • Protect yourself--use the appropriate equipment
  • Get the Hepatitis B vaccine series
  • Familiarize yourself with the ECP

22
Signature page
  • I have received and read the information
    pertaining to Bloodborne Pathogens.
  • I understand that if I have any questions
    regarding this information I should contact a
    District nurse.
  • Name Date
  • Please return this form to Kathy Rumsey
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