Counseling Schedule: Early Adolescence

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Counseling Schedule Early Adolescence
VISIT
INTRODUCE
11 to 14 YEARS

• Family Time Together
• Peer Relationships
• Support System
• Staying Safe
• Teen Mental Health
• Conflict Resolution Skills
• Healthy Dating
• Gaining Independence

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Early Adolescence

• Independence is an overarching characteristic of
  the early teen years
• Becoming independent means being more responsible
  for ones own safety
• Help teens stay safe by teaching them how to
  avoid violence through good communication skills
• Effective communication is the common thread for
  the Connected Kids early adolescence counseling

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Early Adolescence

• Talk with teens and parents about activities that
  help families stay connected many teens are
  unsure about family relationships1
• Parents influence their teen children discuss
  parental use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs
• Involving adults from outside the family has a
  positive effect on teen development2
• Encourage teens to get involved in their
  communities it is one of the best ways to help
  them stay safe3

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Early Adolescence

• Teens with friends engaged in risky behaviors are
  more likely to imitate these behaviors4
• Conversely, friends involved in constructive,
  prosocial activities encourage healthy and safe
  behaviors
• Teen dating violence affects approximately 1 in 8
  high school students. Discuss healthy dating with
  both teens and their parents5
• Youth who have a variety of ways to solve
  conflicts are less likely to be hurt in a fight
  or arrested6

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Early Adolescence

• F I S T S
• Fighting
• Injuries
• Sex
• Threats
• Self-defense

• Use this mnemonic as the basis for assessing an
  adolescents risk for involvement in violence.
  See the Connected Kids Clinical Guide for more
  details.

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Early Adolescence Counseling for Parents
Address parents concerns about safety while
still helping them encourage their teens
independence
What do you think of your teenagers friends?
How are you monitoring your teenager?
How do you negotiate rules of behavior?
What kind of activities does your child enjoy?
What most concerns you about your teenagers
safety?
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Early Adolescence Counseling for Youth
With independence comes the responsibility for
staying safe.
Whom do you turn to for advice and encouragement?
Whom do you go to for help if youre having
trouble in your relationship?
What do you do to stay safe?
What after-school activities are you involved
with?
What do you and your friends like to do?
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Early Adolescence Brochures
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Talking With Your Teen Tips for Parents Early
Adolescence

• Describes typical teen behaviors and feelings and
  emphasizes parent-child communication as
  independence increases
• Teaches parents how to
• establish reasonable limits
• encourage safety as independence increases

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How to Use this Tool

• Initiate discussion at puberty by asking,Im
  sure there are many other changes going on that
  you cant see with your eyes, arent there?
• Speak with parents regarding concerns about their
  childs puberty

Helpful Hints!

• Having both teens and parents read this brochure
  may encourage better communication between parent
  and child
• Ask parents to think about their own adolescence
  and how they behaved and coped at this age

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Staying Cool When Things Heat Up Early Adolescence

• Encourages teens to think about ways to resolve
  conflicts other than fighting
• Discusses the role bystanders play in promoting
  violent behavior

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How to Use this Tool

• Use different approaches based on violence
  history
• Youre very healthy, but Im worried about all
  the fights youre getting into.
• Your exam looks good and Im also glad to hear
  that you havent been getting into a lot of
  fights.

Helpful Hints!

• Some clinicians leave this brochure in the
  waiting room for patients to read beforehand
• It may help to let patients know that this
  information came from other teenagers.

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Expect Respect Healthy Relationships Early
Adolescence

• Discusses healthy relationships and ways to
  recognize and prevent partner violence
• Teens are still experimenting with intimate
  relationships and may be more open to improving
  the quality of their relationships
• While designed for all teenagers, it had the most
  resonance with young female teens in focus groups.

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How to Use this Tool

• Introduce when teens show an interest in
  relationships, dating, and sexual behavior
• Discuss healthy relationships along with physical
  concerns such as sexually transmitted diseases
• Can be used with sex education courses in schools

Helpful Hints!
Today we have discussed some of the physical
issues of intimate relationships, but the
emotional issues are just as important.
At the end of an exam, say
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Teen Dating Violence Tips for Parents Early
Adolescence

• Discusses parental response when partner abuse is
  suspected
• The main concern for parents is their childs
  happiness and welfare, not pointing out what is
  wrong with the abusive partner

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How to Use this Tool

• Encourage parents to
• empathize with what their child is experiencing
• support their child in finding and maintaining
  non-abusive, healthy relationships

Helpful Hint!
Give this brochure to parents at the same time
Expect Respect Healthy Relationships is given to
teenagers
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Counseling Schedule Middle Adolescence
VISIT
INTRODUCE
15 17 YEARS

• Plans for the Future
• Firearms and Suicide
• Depression
• Resiliency

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Middle Adolescence

• There is a direct link between assets and the
  risk for violence and future success7
• Identify and support a teens
• strengths
• functional abilities
• positive relationships with others
• connections to groups, role models, and mentors

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Middle Adolescence

• A key in helping teens avoid violence is to teach
  them how to
• assess risk and make an immediate decision
• think about the long-term consequences of that
  decision

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Middle Adolescence Counseling for Parents
Help parents with the teens dilemma of quick
decisions and long-term consequences.
If you have guns, how do you store them?
How do you stay in touch with your teen?
How is your teen getting along with friends?
Do you talk about future plans?
What non-school activities is your teen involved
with?
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Middle Adolescence Counseling for Youth
Teens are living in the moment, but need to think
about the future.
Do you have somebody to talk to when you feel sad?
What do you want to do after high school
graduation?
Can you get a gun if you want to?
What do you like best about yourself?
How do you get along with your friends?
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Middle Adolescence Brochures
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Teen Suicide and Guns Middle Adolescence

• Discusses the risks of guns in the home and the
  link to completed teen suicides
• Objectively discusses guns and gun storage

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How to Use this Tool

• Use on an individual basis to support counseling
• Can be distributed to schools and community
  groups
• Parents of teens with mood disorders may benefit
  from this along with the brochure Help Stop
  Teenage Suicide

Helpful Hints!
Did you hear about the teen who killed himself
last month? Im talking about this with all of my
teenage patients.
Use current events
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Connecting With Your Community Middle Adolescence

• Teenagers who are involved in their communities
  are less likely to be involved with
• alcohol
• drugs
• violence
• promiscuous sexual activity

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How to Use this Tool

• As relationships with their parents become more
  complex, additional adult role models become more
  important for teens
• Support teens in finding adults in the community
  who believe in and support them

Helpful Hints!

• Schools and community groups can help find
  opportunities that meet the interests and talents
  of young adults
• It may be beneficial for clinics to develop a
  resource guide for teens about local community
  groups

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Counseling Schedule Late Adolescence
VISIT
INTRODUCE
18 21 YEARS

• Transition to
• Independence
• Negotiating a New Environment
• (Post High School)

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Late Adolescence

• Transitioning to independence is a gradual
  process
• Bringing closure to this process is essential
• Many older teenagers are likely to be moving out
  of the home to
• higher education
• their own living situation
• an entirely new community
• This is exciting and stressful for both teen and
  parent

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Late AdolescenceCounseling for Youth
Support patients with the transition to becoming
a young adult.
What are your plans down the road?
Do you plan to move out of your parents home?
Whom do you talk to about your future plans?
Can I help with getting you where you want to go?
How do you feel about moving out?
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Late Adolescence Brochures
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Help Stop Teenage Suicide Late Adolescence

• Talks about common myths, gives the warning
  signs, and stresses that many teen suicides occur
  with little forethought
• Designed for teens, parents, and other caregivers

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How to Use this Tool

• Use with patients with mental health issues,
  especially mood or conduct disorders, that often
  develop during these years
• Stress link between presence of a handgun and
  increased likelihood of lethal suicide attempts

Helpful Hint!

• Teens who think they may be gay, lesbian,
  bisexual, or transgender are at an increased risk
  for suicide help them and their families find
  additional support

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Next Stop Adulthood Tips for Parents Late
Adolescence

• Teens are renegotiating parental relationships as
  they transition into adult responsibilities
• Helps parents let go while encouraging teens to
  seek guidance from their parents

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How to Use this Tool

• Use as a catalyst to discuss increasing
  independence
• Teens who are already in trouble may need a
  social worker to help better understand and
  implement these concepts

Helpful Hints!

• It is helpful to discuss employment, community
  service, sports, clubs, and other pursuits
• Teenagers need positive engagement with their
  outside community in order to thrive!

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References

• 1. Kingon YS, O'Sullivan AL. The family as a
  protective asset in adolescent development. J
  Holist Nurs. 200119102-121
• 2. Jekielek SM, Moore KA, Hair EC, Scarupa HJ.
  Mentoring a promising strategy for youth
  development. Child Trends Research Brief.
  Washington, DC Child Trends 2002. Available at
  http//12.109.133.224/Files/MentoringBrief2002.pdf
  . Accessed June 27, 2005
• 3. McMahon SD, Singh JA, Garner LS, Benhorin S.
  Taking advantage of opportunities community
  involvement, well-being, and urban youth. J
  Adolesc Health. 200434262-265
• 4. Urberg KA, Luo Q, Pilgrim C, Degirmencioglu
  SM. A two-stage model of peer influence in
  adolescent substance use individual and
  relationship-specific differences in
  susceptibility to influence. Addict Behav.
  2003281243-1256
• 5. Grunbaum JA, Kann L, Kinchen SA, et al. Youth
  risk behavior surveillance--United States, 2001.
  MMWR Surveill Summ. 2002511-62
• 6. Slaby RG, Guerra NG. Cognitive mediators of
  aggression in adolescent offenders I.
  Assessment. Dev Psychol. 198824580-588
• 7. Sampson RJ, Raudenbush SW, Earls F.
  Neighborhoods and violent crime a multilevel
  study of collective efficacy. Science.
  1997277918-924

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Acknowledgments

• Howard Spivak, MD
• Robert Sege, MD, PhD
• Elizabeth Hatmaker-Flanigan, MS
• Bonnie Kozial
• Vincent Licenziato
• Kimberly Bardy, MPH
• This project was supported by Grant No.
  2001-JN-FX-0011 awarded by the Office of Juvenile
  Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of
  Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
  Points of view or opinions in this document are
  those of the author and do not necessarily
  represent the official position or policies of
  the U.S. Department of Justice.