Need for Rulemaking Harmonization Supporting the Future Global Air Transport System EASAFAA Annual C

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Need for Rulemaking Harmonization Supporting
the Future Global Air Transport SystemEASA/FAA
Annual Conference, St Petersburg, Florida, 4th
June 2008
European Airlines View and a Perspective from
IATA
Peter Sørensen Assistant Director Safety,
Operations Infrastructure International Air
Transport Association (IATA)
Vincent De Vroey General Manager Technical
Operations Association of European Airlines (AEA)
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Overview

• AEA Harmonization Priorities
• ATM
• Maintenance
• Operations
• Flight crew training
• IATA Perspective
• Personnel licensing

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The Association of European Airlines

• 33 member airlines
• 11,115 flights a day
• 375,600 employees
• 605 destinations in 161 countries
• 346 million passengers
• 6 million tonnes of cargo
• Total turnover of 75 billion

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AEA carriers are NETWORK carriers global reach

• 185 intercontinental destinations in 116
  countries
• 211 European destinations in 43 countries
• 800 destinations together with partner airlines!

• Thanks to the networks and alliances which those
  carriers have set up, people can fly from
  anywhere, to anywhere

Source Continental Airlines
from Bordeaux to Kuala Lumpur
from Berne to Riga
from Bucharest to Cleveland
from Reykjavik to Delhi
from Ankara to Innsbruck
from Edinburgh to Addis Ababa
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AEAs top priority Europe's inefficient Air
Traffic Management (ATM)

• Europe does not have one single ATM system
• It is patched together from old national systems
• with segmentation into small, inefficient
  blocks
• Between Member States and between
  civil/military
• using a variety of different Air Traffic
  Control technologies

Fragmented airspace
Circuitous routings and altitudes
Also the US ATM system faces major challenges
(capacity and safety issues)
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Background (1) European ATM is inefficient
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Background (2) US ATM system faces safety issues

• TCAS RAs
• AEA members flying to the USA have analyzed TCAS
  RAs on approach comparing major US airports with
  European major airports
• The rate at some US airports (Newark, LAX,
  Denver, Philadelphia, SFO) is 100 times the rate
  at major European airports (LHR, CDG, SPL, FRA
  etc)
• Compliance with ICAO
• Various serious safety incidents linked to the US
  ATM environment with loss of separation or near
  collision. In light of the Ueberlingen accident,
  all TCAS RAs have to be complied with (ICAO), a
  modus operandi which is not fully understood in
  the USA
• US ATM safety issues need to be tackled with
  urgency

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ATM implications for rulemaking

• Root of ATM problems in Europe, USA and other
  areas of the world might not be the same
• However, where it implies rulemaking to mandate
  for capacity or safety reasons, new systems on
  the aircraft (avionics) or operational
  procedures, the AEA members expect
• Identical technical solutions for similar ATM
  problems
• Harmonized approach on ATM operational procedures
• Globally valid operational airworthiness
  approval for airlines/aircraft (ia datalink,
  ADS-B, RVSM etc) with approvals issued by the
  local Authority based on globally harmonized
  requirements
• Global interoperability in ATM solutions and
  approvals is essential for globally operating
  airlines ( cost issue!)
• Harmonized operational procedures are essential
  for safety

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Maintenance mutual recognition rather than full
harmonization of rules

• Globally recognized Part-145 approvals
• Airline MROs expect globally recognized Part-145
  approvals which recognize equivalent safety
  oversight and reduce the number of unnecessary
  audits or certificates
• Harmonization / Recognition
• Full harmonization of the relevant rules is not
  realistic because of the cost implications or
  different legal environment (f.e. drug and
  alcohol testing is illegal in Europe, required in
  the USA)
• Mutual recognition of each other system (based on
  equivalent safety) might be more realistic (i.e.
  through BASA) than full harmonization
• This should not prevent new rules to be
  harmonized where possible and beneficial to the
  industry

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Operations harmonizing existing rules would be
extremely costly

• Mutual Recognition of AOCs
• Global Airlines expect mutual recognition of AOCs
  rather than the current proliferation of Part 129
  requirements which create unnecessary bureaucracy
  for no added safety value
• Harmonization / Recognition
• Full harmonization of existing operational rules
  for AOC holders (EU-OPS, Part 121) is not needed
  from the airlines point of view since it would be
  extremely costly due to the legacy and different
  legal systems and cultural environment
• Operational equipment related requirements for
  newly build aircraft should be harmonized
  wherever possible (e.g. FDR/CVR, TCAS etc).
• AWO requirements to be harmonized as well
• New rules to be harmonized where possible and
  where there is a value for the airlines

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Flight Crew Training

• Separate business
• The Flight Crew Training business is increasingly
  becoming a separate business competing in the
  global market
• International trade
• Some current rules (FAA) or rulemaking proposals
  (EASA) are a barrier to international trade
• For safety and efficiency reasons, European
  airlines need access to flight crew training
  resources around the world i.a in Europe, USA and
  elsewhere
• Harmonization / Recognition
• Different authorities to recognize each other
  systems without imposing additional restrictions
  or duplicate requirements for personnel
  licensing or approvals (flight simulators)
• The planned BASAs are an opportunity to solve
  this problem

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Conclusion

• ATM rules new systems on the aircraft (avionics)
  or operational procedures should be harmonized
  with globally valid approvals ( cost and safety
  issue),
• Maintenance rules need mutual recognition of the
  relevant approvals allowing international trade
  without barriers and reducing unnecessary audits,
• Operational rules for AOC holders no need for
  full harmonization which would be costly and
  might not be feasible (different cultures etc).
  Need for mutual recognition of AOCs rather than
  proliferation of Part 129,
• Flight Crew Training rules BASAs should remove
  current restrictions to international trade

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The challenge of licensed personnel shortages
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Why Harmonization is Critical for Personnel
Licensing

• The aviation industry has realized that there
  will be a global shortage of engineers, licensed
  mechanics as well as pilots
• e.g. an estimated shortage of 3.600 pilots
  annually
• The aviation industry estimate a fleet growth of
  17650 aircraft by 2018
• In times of high training demand, training
  quality is at stake and consequently negative
  impact on flight safety
• Variations in training standards worldwide add to
  the problem
• Quality level of key personnel must be maintained
• Risks for delayed aircraft introductions and
  missed opportunities for growth and ROE

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Industrys Initiative IATA Training and
Qualification Initiative (ITQI)

• IATAs initiative to
• review the airline industry training needs for
  licensed personnel (pilots, mechanics /
  engineers) and
• develop recommendations for meeting these needs
  with no compromise to safety and quality.

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ITQI Deliverables
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Deliverables
Problem / Impact Analysis
Staff Selection Assessment Criteria
Qualification Requirements
Training Devices Syllabi
Cert. Standard for Training Providers
Element B1
Element B4
Element B2
Element B3
Consultant
Consultant
ICAO
Boeing
KEY DELIVERABLE
KEY DELIVERABLES
KEY DELIVERABLES
KEY DELIVERABLES
KEY DELIVERABLES
Complete gap analysis of existing requirements /
regulations
Complete gap analysis of certification standards
Complete gap analysis of selection criteria
Complete gap analysis of training devices
Conduct market survey
2008
Complete guidance material working paper for
ICAO
Complete development of certification standards
Complete development of selection criteria / best
practices guide
Complete first draft of best practices and
guidance material
2009
Achieve ICAO ANC approval
Develop audit scheme
Implement regionally
Complete development of guidance material
implem. concept
2010
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Next Steps
Achievements

• Member airline survey to verify actual challenges
• Draft working paper for simulator standards
• Implementation plan for Multi-Crew Pilot
  Licensing (MPL)
• Action plan for harmonization of Flight Crew
  Licenses

• Safety impact analysis
• Government awareness program
• Gap Analysis of current global and national
  regulations
• Draft industry standard for Flight Training
  Devices
• Best practice and guidance material for training
  concepts

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Final ITQI outcome and spin-offs
Project phases
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Summary

• Regulators will be key to implementation of ITQI
• A global and collaborative initiative to mitigate
  the threats inherent to the global shortage of
  licensed personnel.
• Secured resources and buy-in from all segments of
  the aviation industry,
• to ensure SAFETY
• to create awareness among the industry,
  governments and regulators
• to develop global standards and harmonization
  needs
• to work on solutions
• to develop the New Generation Aviation
  Professionals
• Open for all industry stakeholders

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Industry Stakeholders

• ICAO, FSF, IFALPA, EASA, Transport Canada, CASA,
  NCAA, ATA,
• JAL, CAL, EVA, SIA, MES, SAS, LH, ANA, Delta, IB,
  Fedex, AF, SAA, KLM, Qantas,
• Airbus, Boeing, ATR, Embraer, Bombardier
• LFT, LTT, CAE, Alteon, FSEMC
• MSI, Thales