THE PILLARS OF ISLAM

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• THE PILLARS OF
  ISLAM
• Islam submission to will of God
• Cibadat acts of worship
• mucamalat acts involving relationships among
  human beings
• Shahada (witnessing) profession of faith
• A. Strict monotheism
• B. Acceptance of Muhammads revelation
• II. Salat 5 daily prayers
• A. Times
• (1) fajr early morning
• (2) zuhr noontime
• (3) casr mid-afternoon
• (4) maghrib sunset
• (5) cisha evening

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C. Minarets, beginning with Umayyad dynasty
(680-750 C.E.)
Ottoman (17th c., Istanbul)
Abbasid (9th c., Samarra, Iraq)
Mamluk (15th c., Cairo)
Almohad (12th c., Marrakesh,
Morocco)
Ghaznavid (11th c., Ghazni, Afghanistan)
Safavid (16th c., Isfahan, Iran)
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D. Ablution (ritual washing) before prayer
Bursa, Turkey
Mosque of Sultan Hasan (14th c.),
Cairo
Mosque of Ibn Tulun (9th c.), Cairo
Mosque of the Shah (16th c.) , Isfahan, Iran
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E. Physical regimen Each prayer consists of
a certain number of rakcas (units of
movement). (For fuller description, see
http//islam.about.com/c/ht/01/03/How_Pray09850722
09.htm .)
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F. Direction toward Mecca (qibla) mihrab
niche indicating direction of prayer
Abbasid, 9th c. Iraq
Great Mosque of Córdoba (10th c.?)
Mosque of Sultan Hasan (14th c.), Cairo
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G. Friday public noontime prayer Friday
Yawm al-Jumca (Day of Assembly) (1)
Khutba sermon given by imam (prayer leader)
(2) Minbar pulpit from which the imam speaks
Mosque of Sultan Hasan (14th c.), Cairo
Sokollu Mehmed
Pasha Mosque

(16th c.),
Istanbul
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III. Zakat alms (charitable contributions)
IV. Sawm dawn to sunset fast during Ramadan
A. Pre-Islamic custom of fasting during
Rajab B. Exemptions C. End cId
al-Fitr (Eid)
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V. Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca during Dhu
al-Hijja cumra personal pilgrimage at any
time A. Commemoration of Abraham
B. Chief components (1) Circumambulation
(walking around) of Kacba (2) Sacy
running 7 times between two hills (3)
Wuquf standing prayer on plan of cArafat on
9 Dhu al-Hijja (4) Symbolic
stoning of devil (5) cId al-Adha
(sacrifice holiday) on 10 Dhu al-Hijja