Lessons from overseas International Best Practice or How good are Australias cadastral systems

1
Lessons from overseas International Best
PracticeorHow good are Australias cadastral
systems?

• Ian Williamson
• Professor of Surveying and Land Information
• Director, Centre for SDI and Land Administration
• Head, Department of Geomatics, University of
  Melbourne

2
Overview

• Focus on the spatial component of cadastres
• The dimensions of cadastre
• Performance indicators
• The cadastral toolbox
• An assessment of Australian cadastral systems

3
Dimensions of cadastre

• Range of humankind to land relationships
• Humankind to land relationship dynamic
• Stages of development affect cadastral options

4
Performance Indicators

• Policy indicators
• Economic
• Environmental
• Social
• Operational Indicators with focus on the
  principles of the Cadastral Toolbox
• If you cant measure performance you cant
  improve and re-engineer a system

5
Example Operational Indicators
Benchmarking Cadastral Systems (1997)
Title disputes per 1 million parcels
6
Example Operational Indicators
Benchmarking Cadastral Systems (1997)
Professional surveyors per 1 million people
7
Cadastral Tool Box

• Land policy principles
• Land administration principles
• Cadastral principles
• Institutional principles
• SDI principles
• Technical principles
• HRD principles

8
Cadastral performance

• Performance based on international best
  practice, not emotion or national pride
• Evaluate Australian cadastral systems from a
  perspective of establishing a national system
• Focus on the spatial aspects of the cadastre
• Rate performance on a scale of 1-10 with 1
  being very poor and 10 being excellent or
  international best practice

9
Recognise there is great variability in the
system and performance of Australias eight (8)
different cadastral systems
10
Policy Indicators - Economic

• Recognition and community profile of cadastre (3)
• Provides security of tenure in humankind to land
  relationship (9)
• Supports efficient and effective land market (9)
• Supports efficient and effective land
  administration (8)
• Economic efficiency of system (4)
• Ongoing cost-benefit or performance evaluation (2)

11
Policy Indicators - Environmental

• Cadastre poorly linked to sustainable development
  
• Poor integration of private, public, state and
  corporate RRR (3)
• Federal Government has no responsibility for
  cadastral systems (1)
• Cadastres not complete (6)
• National strategies to link land administration
  to sustainable development (2)

12
Policy Indicators - Social

• Security of tenure (10)
• Access to land for all (9)
• Systems to accommodate indigenous rights (4)
• Women's access to land (7)
• Data availability (6)
• Understanding and role of cadastre in supporting
  a spatially enabled society (2)

13
Performance Indicators Land Policy

• National vision and policy for cadastre (1)
• Commonwealth policy role in cadastre (1)
• Performance of ANZLIC and ICSM in national
  cadastral implementation (3)
• Adoption of concept of complete cadastre as a
  basis for all humankind to land relationships (2)

14
Performance Indicators Land Administration

• Performance of spatial cadastre in land
  administration (7)
• Profile of spatial cadastre in land
  administration (6)
• Supports management and administration of both
  land and marine environment (2)

15
Performance Indicators Cadastral

• Integrity of the cadastre (9)
• Concept of complete cadastre (all private,
  public, state and corporate RRR) (6)
• Variation in adverse possession to part parcel or
  legal basis for boundary determination (2)
• Statutory regulation of cadastral surveying (7)

16
Performance Indicators Institutional

• Cadastre integrated with other land related
  activities (6)
• Coordination of spatial cadastre activities (6)
• Integration of public, private and academic
  sectors (5)
• National cadastral surveying accreditation (7)
• Flexibility of cadastral surveying profession (5)
• Integration of cadastral surveying profession
  with other spatial professions (5)

17
Performance Indicators SDI

• Role of cadastre in state and national SDIs (8)
• Spatial cadastral data integrated with other
  spatial data (8) at a state level
• Spatial cadastral data integrated with other
  spatial data at a national level (9)
• Cadastral partnerships (local-state-national)
  including properties, legal parcels and street
  addresses (4)

18
Performance Indicators Technical

• Efficiency of cadastral surveying (5)
• Accuracy of cadastral data (7)
• Adoption of principles of coordinated cadastre
  (4)
• Cadastral marking (3)
• National technical cadastral surveying
  specifications (1)
• Digital cadastral environment at state level (4)
• Adoption of appropriate technologies (7)

19
Performance Indicators HRD and Capacity Building

• Cadastral/land administration education (5)
• Cadastral/land administration research (3)
• Numbers of cadastral and land administration
  academics (3)
• National support for cadastral education and
  research action rather than rhetoric (3)
• Accreditation of cadastral surveying education
  programs (4)

20
So how do the Australian cadastral systems score?
21
My guess is about 7 out of 10 based on
international best practice for a country of our
capacity and development