Dry Eye

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What is Dry Eye Disease?
Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears
and ocular surface that results in symptoms of
discomfort, visual disturbance and tear film
instability with potential damage to the ocular
surface.
Disease of ocular surface caused by disturbances
of natural function and protection of external
eye leading to an unstable tear film when eye is
open
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Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease
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The Healthy Tears
NORMAL TEARING DEPENDS ON A NEURONAL FEEDBACK LOOP
Secretomotor Nerve Impulses
Tears Support and Maintain Ocular Surface
Lacrimal Glands
Ocular Surface Neural Stimulation
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DRY EYE DISEASE
INFLAMMATION DISRUPTS NORMAL NEURONAL CONTROL OF
TEARING.
Interrupted Secretomotor Nerve Impulses

• Lacrimal Glands
• Neurogenic Inflammation
• T-cell Activation
• Cytokine Secretion into Tears

Tears Inflame Ocular Surface
Cytokines Disrupt Neural Arc
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Healthy Tears

• A complex mixture of proteins, mucin, and
  electrolytes
• Antimicrobial proteins
• Lysozyme, lactoferrin
• Growth factors suppressors of inflammation
• EGF, IL-1RA
• Soluble mucin 5AC secreted by goblet cells for
  viscosity
• Electrolytes for proper osmolarity

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Tears in Chronic Dry Eye

• Decrease in many proteins
• Decreased growth factor concentrations
• Altered cytokine balance promotes inflammation
• Soluble mucin 5AC greatly decreased
• Due to goblet cell loss
• Impacts viscosity oftear film
• Proteases activated
• Increased electrolytes

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Tear film disorders
Affectedrders
Normalorders
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Ocular surface disorders
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Symptoms of Dry Eye

• Irritation
• Redness
• Burning/ Stinging
• Tearing
• Contact lens intolerance
• Increased frequency of blinking
• Itchy eyes
• foreign body sensation
• Blurred vision
• Photophobia (less frequent symptom)
• Thick sticky mucous discharge

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Treatment For Dry Eye
ARTIFICIAL TEAR DROPS 0.25 -0.7 methyl
cellulose 0.3 hypromellose pol yvinyl alcohol
MUCOLYTICS 5 acetylcystine 4times/ day
TOPICAL RETINOIDS
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Address 1 3 Paxtons Court (Opp. Post Office)
Newark Notts, NG24 1DH, UK
Address 2 9 The Nook(Next To Birds- The
Confectioners) Anstey Leicester LE7 7AZ
Feel Free to call us on 01636 679555
Visit our website at opticareoptician.co.uk
Email us at opticareoptician_at_gmail.com
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