PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using VB Application

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Introduction

• The aim of this project is to control  electrical
  appliances through a personal computer (PC). For
  example, theatre lighting can be centrally
  controlled form  PC for a better stage
  management. Presently, these are manually managed
  which makes it difficult to coordinate the
  lighting with  respective scene. With this
  system, one can control  electrical appliances
  on/off by just being seated at one place using a
  PC.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Block Diagram
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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Hardware Requirements

• 8051 series Microcontroller
• Level Shifter IC
• DB Connector
• Relays
• Relay Driver
• Transformer
• Diodes
• capacitors
• Resistors
• LED
• Crystal
• Lamps

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Software Requirements

• Keil compiler
• Language Embedded C or Assembly.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller

• 8051 is an 8-bit family of microcontroller
  developed by Intel in the year 1981.
• This is one of the most popular family of
  microcontroller being used all across the world.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller

• This microcontroller was also referred as system
  on a chip because it has 128 bytes of RAM,
  4Kbytes of ROM, 2 Timers, 1 Serial port, and four
  ports on a single chip.
• The CPU can work for only 8bits of data at a time
  because 8051 is an 8-bit processor.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Series Microcontroller

• In case the data is larger than 8 bits then it
  has to be broken into parts so that the CPU can
  process conveniently.
• Most manufacturers have put 4Kbytes of ROM even
  though the quantity of ROM can be exceeded up to
  64 K bytes.
• The 8051 has been in use in a wide number of
  devices, mainly because it is easy to integrate
  into a project or build a device around.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
8051 Pin Description
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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Power on Reset circuit

• The power-on reset (PoR) is an electronic device
  incorporated into the integrated circuit
• That detects the power applied to the chip and
  generates a reset impulse that goes to the entire
  circuit placing it into a known state.

• 5V

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Max232

• The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts
  signals from an RS-232serial port to signals
  suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic
  circuits.
• The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and
  typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS
  signals.
• When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level to convert,
  it changes a TTL Logic 0 to between 3 and 15V,
  and changes TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V,
  and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Max232
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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB Connector

• A DB connector is a connector that is in the
  shape of a horizontal D.
• Common DB connectors include DB-9, DB-15, DB-19,
  DB-25, DB-37, and DB-50, the number indicates how
  many active lines the connector has, but not
  always how many pins it has.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB9 and DB15 Connector

• The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog
  9-pin plug of the D-Sub miniature connector
  family.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB9 and DB15 Connector

• Computer serial port Additional information and
  help with the DB-9 and DB-15 or the standard PC
  serial port can be found on our serial port help
  page.
• The DB-9 and DB-15 are also found on Network
  cards. The DB-9 cable is sometimes used for
  Token-Ring adapters, and the DB-15 is used for
  the thick net coaxial cables.
• Computer network help and support
• The DB-9 port is also found on the NeXT computer
  is used to connect laser printers.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB19 Connector

• The DB-19 is a connector found on the Apple
  Macintosh, NeXT, and some Atari computers, and is
  used to connect external disk drives.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB25 Connector

• The DB-25 interface was an older serial
  connector. Additional information and help with
  serial ports can be found on our serial port help
  page.
• The DB-25 port is also a SCSI interface.
  Additional information and help with SCSI can be
  found on our SCSI help page.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB37 Connector

• Connector found on various network devices used
  to connect network hubs and other network devices
  and perform other functions.
• Companies that utilize this cable include Cisco,
  Nortel, SMC, and others.
• The DB-37 connector also connects devices such as
  sensors, switches, satellite antennas, control
  systems, video studio automation, security
  control systems, and other equipment.
• Computer network and network card help and
  support.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
DB50 Connector

• SCSI connector that is rarely used or found
  today. Additional information and help with SCSI
  can be found on our SCSI help page.

DB-50 Male Connector
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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay

• A relay is an electrically operated switch.
• Current flowing through the coil of the relay
  creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever
  and changes the switch contacts.
• The coil current can be on or off so relays have
  two switch positions and have double throw
  (changeover) switch contacts as shown in the
  diagram.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay

• Relays allow one circuit to switch a second
  circuit which can be completely separate from the
  first.
• For example a low voltage battery circuit can use
  a relay to switch a 230V AC mains circuit.
• There is no electrical connection inside the
  relay between the two circuits, the link is
  magnetic and mechanical.
• To drive relay through MC ULN2003 relay driver IC
  is used

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003

• ULN is Relay driver application
• The ULN2003 is a monolithic high voltage and high
  current Darlington transistor arrays.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003

• It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs that
  features high-voltage outputs with common-cathode
  clamp diode for switching inductive loads.
• The collector-current rating of a single
  Darlington pair is 500mA.
• The Darlington pairs may be paralleled for higher
  current capability.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Relay Driver uln2003

• The ULN functions as an inverter.
• If the logic at input 1B is high then
• the output at its corresponding pin 1C
• will be low.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Most common LCDs connected to the
  microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays.
• This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and
  20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively.
  
• The standard is referred to as HD44780U
• It refers to the controller chip which receives
  data from an external source (and communicates
  directly with the LCD.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Working Principle

• The project uses a PC to control the loads.
• The commands are received by the micro controller
  through level shifted IC Max232.
• When the program is executed, it drives relay
  from the microcontroller through relay driver IC
  ULN2003.
• Loads are switched ON and switched OFF based on
  the corresponding command sent from the keyboard
  through HyperTerminal.
• As per the program, the loads will be turned ON
  and OFF through the relays.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Working Principle

• This system is integrated with the electrical
  loads and also connected to the PC where
  centralized control takes place.
• It uses an RS-232 protocol from the
  microcontroller to communicate with the PC.
• To turn on/off the appliances, we use Hyper
  Terminal on PC.
• Once the connection is established with the PC,
  then the system starts working.
• The microcontroller used in this project belongs
  to 8051 family.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Future Enhancement

• This project can be further enhanced by
  implementing a GUI based control panel on the PC
  with appropriate embedded software.
• The intensity control can also be incorporated
  using power electronics devices.

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PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
VB Application
Conclusion

• PC Mouse operated Electrical Load Control Using
  VB Application project was designed and
  implemented. This project can be further enhanced
  by implementing a GUI based control panel on the
  PC with appropriate embedded software. The
  intensity control can also be incorporated using
  power electronics devices

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