Persian Gulf Electronic Highway

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MARINE ELECTRONIC HIGHWAY IN PERSIAN GULF
By Ali Moradi (PhD)
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Overview

• There are heavy marine traffics at central to the
  north-west part of the Persian Gulf.
• The area is considered to be one of dangerous
  area due to existence of numerous oil and gas
  fields and terminals in the region.
• At recent years accidents happened that would be
  catastrophic in the region.

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Annual Traffic

• Annual marine traffic is around 50,000 of
  different kind of ships which are entering and
  departing from different ports, oil terminals,
  petrochemical ports etc.
• The type of ships differs from Ultra Large Crude
  Carriers (ULCC) to General cargoes and Container
  carriers.

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Persian Gulf Within Special Area

• International Maritime Organization (IMO)
  recognized PG as a Special Area.
• Special Area is
• in accordance with the Resolution as From the 1st
  August 2008, shall take effect on which the
  discharge requirements of Regulation 1.11.5 of
  Annex I and Regulation 5(1)(e) of Annex V of
  MARPOL 73/78 Convention.

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Field Analyzing

• Despite navigational difficulty due to existence
  of hazardous features and platforms in the
  "Passage", the "Passage" is the shortest way and
  hence the preferred shipping route between the
  North West and the South East of Persian Gulf.
• However vessels trading between the Persian Gulf
  countries, use the "Passage" to navigate between
  Persian Gulf and the rest of world.

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Maritime Safety Infrastructure

• Current maritime safety infrastructures and
  regulatory mechanisms are weakly in place in the
  "Passage" and there is high risk of ship
  collisions, groundings and oil spills
• Occasional incidents have occurred in recent
  years and some of these incidents have caused oil
  spills.

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Marine Electronic Highway

• The Electronic Highway is an innovative approach
  to improving the management of maritime traffic
  Establishing the MEH in the "Passage" is promote
  the marine safety, environment protection and
  marine security as well

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PG Characteristics Maritime traffic
Forecast 2018 90,000 port calls 40 casualties 30 lives lost 250,000 tons oil spilled Casualties (reported 2012) 32 casualties 53 lives lost gt178,000 tons oil spilled Ship density 45-50,000 Hormuz passages 60,000 port calls

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(Source MEMAC 2015)
Marine Traffic In The Region
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PG Characteristics Maritime traffic
Increase in port calls and tanker shares
Increase in port calls by ship size categories
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• The PG is one of the most strategic waterways in
  the world due to its importance in world oil and
  natural gas transportation. The Region exports
  nearly 50 of the world energy in the form of oil
  and gas which is transported by sea and contains
  almost 70 of the world oil and about 45 of gas
  reserves.
• Besides, the vast infrastructure development and
  the population growth have also given rise to a
  significant increase in shipping traffic.

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Continuous Regional monitoring and following up
the Shipping Traffic(Source ( MEMAC 2015(
Region Traffic Status
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BENEFITS AND EXPECTATION Of PMEH

• The Persian Gulf Marine Electronic Highway aims
  to establish a mechanism in the south of Kharg
  Island and the Hormuz Strait in the Persian Gulf
  for enhanced maritime safety and marine
  environment.
• The MEH system with its environmental modules can
  be used in marine pollution response and control
  such as to predict the direction and speed of oil
  spill and aid in response and clean-up.
• It is also possible to use it to identify and
  track ships that illegally discharge their bilges
  or dump other oily wastes. The Marine Electronic
  Highway (MEH) is envisioned to be a regional
  network of marine information technologies linked
  through the ENCs-ECDIS.
• Nowadays the availability of Global Navigation
  Satellite System (GNSS) enables the precise
  positioning with accuracy of 1 to 5 meters
  enhances the navigational accuracy of ENCs-ECDIS
  especially in congested and confined waters.

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The Marine Electronic Highway is the integration
of maritime safety technologies and marine
environment management and protection with
precision navigation as its backbone.
Marine Traffic And Environment Management
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Examples Of System Integration In MEH And The
Flow Of Information From Various Platforms.
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THE NEED FOR THE ESTABLISHING OF MEH SYSTEM IN
THE "PASSAGE"

• Recent enhancements in maritime safety
  infrastructure and regulatory mechanisms have
  improved navigational safety and traffic flow.
  Marine Electronic Highway is a mean to provide
  safe, secure and pollution protection.  
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whole view of "Passage
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SYSTEM CONFIGRATION

• Advancements in information technology have
  significant impacts on the shipping industry.
  Many of the important navigational technologies
  and data are amenable to computerization.
  Examples are paper charts converted to ENCs,
  incorporation of some aspects of ship routeing
  system into ECDIS and audio-visual
  communications. Many of the newer commercial
  vessels are equipped with ENCs-ECDIS including
  integrated bridge system. Today the majority of
  world fleet use electronic charts for navigation.
  The developments of maritime safety technologies
  are generally industry driven and fairly in
  adherence to standards and performance criteria
  (e.g., ISO, IEC, IMO and IHO) unlike the
  development of information technologies in other
  sectors and disciplines.

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STRATEGIES AND APPROACH

• The proposed MEH will have four key elements,
  namely, maritime safety, environment protection,
  maritime security and management. Within maritime
  safety, precision navigation constitutes the
  backbone of the marine electronic highway. Four
  key issues are fundamental to the advancement of
  the MEH technology namely
• 1. Information technology, and specifically the
  integration of existing technologies and
  capacities
• 2. Socio-economic benefit to the government,
  industry/private sectors, and the civil societies
  in general as a consequence of the proposed MEH
  technology
• 3. Financing mechanisms/investment potential, and
  the establishment of interagency,
  intergovernmental and inter-sectorial
  partnerships as vehicles for successfully
  developing, financing, constructing and operating
  the MEH as self-sustaining, revenue
  -generating enterprise in the "Passage"
• 4. Institutional arrangements, with agreement
  among participating parties on the
  administrative, legal, financial and operational
  aspects of a managing tool
•  

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

• Benefits derived from increases in operating
  efficiency of MEW would include
• 1. Maintaining speed more efficiently in adverse
  conditions
• 2. Steering a more accurate course
• 3. Carrying more cargo by optimizing under-keel
  clearance
• 4. Manoeuvring more efficiently when in vicinity
  of oil and gas platforms
• 5. More efficient implementation of collision
  regulations.
• 6. Integration of different systems for taking
  advantage to make synergy, hence to promote
  marine safety, security and environmental
  protection.
• 7. The last but not least, application of
  "Persian Gulf" term in International publication
  is desirable.

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