How to Build a Robot with Arduino and 8051 Microcontroller

1
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
2
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Introduction

• The main purpose of robot is to  decrease the man
  power. The robots are used in electronics in many
  applications. In this presentation we are
  discussing about how to build the
  obstacle-avoiding robot with the Arduino module
  8051 microcontroller.

http//www.elprocus.com/
3
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
How To Build a Robot

• The required components to build the robot
  includes the following

• Robot Body
• DC Motor
• Arduino Module
• Motor Driver IC
• Ultrasonic Sensor

http//www.elprocus.com/
4
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
How to Build a Robot
1. Robot Body

• The basic robot body of the robot of obstacle
  avoidance vehicle. 
• The robot body is a plastic body and it contains
  wheels on both sides.
• Ultrasonic sensor is arranged in front of the
  robot body.
• By using the ultrasonic sensor the obstacle can
  be detected.

http//www.elprocus.com/
5
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Robot Body

• Any obstacle is detected by the ultrasonic sensor
  while the robot is moving.
• Then the robot will move aside and it will
  continue moving.

http//www.elprocus.com/
6
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
2. DC Motor

• The DC motor is an electric motor and it runs
  with direct current.
• The operation of any motor is based on the
  electromagnetism.
• The magnetic field is produced by the current
  carrying conductors
• When it is placed in an external magnetic field,
  it will experience a force proportional to the
  current in the conductor.

http//www.elprocus.com/
7
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
DC Motor

• Generally, we know that the magnets are opposite
  polarity attraction from north to south.
• If the polarities are same like north to north
  south to south then the magnets will repel.

DC Motor
http//www.elprocus.com/
8
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
DC Motor

• The internal configuration of DC motor is
  designed to attach the magnetic interaction
  between the current carrying conductor and the
  external magnetic field to produce the motion.
• Here we are using two DC motors, each motor
  contains 6v and the total two DC motors contain
  12v.
• The two DC motors are placed in the robot body

http//www.elprocus.com/
9
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
DC Motor

• The robot body is moved with the help of the DC
  motors

Robot Body with DC Motor
http//www.elprocus.com/
10
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
3. Arduino Module

• The following image shows the arduino module
  image.

http//www.elprocus.com/
11
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
3. Arduino Module

• The arduino module plays an important role in the
  design of the obstacle avoidance robot using
  arduino kit.
• The receiver pin of the arduino is connected to
  the second pin of ultrasonic sensor.
• The 1st, 2nd, 3rd pin of arduino module is
  connected to the DC motor driver.
• The common components capacitor and diode are
  also connected to the arduino module with the
  help of the battery power supply.

http//www.elprocus.com/
12
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
4. Motor Driver IC

• To run the DC motor the motor driver IC used.
• The pins 3,6 11, 14 of motor driver are
  connected to the DC motor.
• The input pin 1 and 2 are connected to the
  arduino module and the enable pin is connected to
  the transmitter pin of the arduino.
• The pins 4, 5, 12, 13 of motor driver are
  connected to the ground.

http//www.elprocus.com/
13
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Ultrasonic Sensor

• In this concept the ultrasonic sensor is used to
  detect an obstacle ahead.
• It will send the command to the arduino board.
• Depending upon the input signal the
  microcontroller redirects the robot to move in
  alternate directions.

http//www.elprocus.com/
14
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Ultrasonic Sensor

• The applications of the arduino robot obstacle
  avoidance

• The arduino robot can move on any surface
• It can move on metallic surface like
  refrigerator body.

http//www.elprocus.com/
15
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Arduino Robot for Obstacle Avoidance

• The below image shows the arduino robot for
  obstacle avoidance

http//www.elprocus.com/
16
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Building Robot With 8051 Microcontroller

• To build a robot with the 8051 microcontroller,
  We took the metal detector robot vehicle for the
  explanation.

• The components required to build the robot with
  the 8051 microcontroller are

• 8051 microcontroller
• DC motors
• Motor drivers
• Metal detector

http//www.elprocus.com/
17
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Building Robot With 8051 Microcontroller

• Decoder
• Encoder
• Push buttons
• Crystal
• RF transmitter and receiver

http//www.elprocus.com/
18
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Metal Detector

• The metal detector is a coil it has one or more
  metal coils used to detect the metals on the
  ground.
• The metal detector works on the principle of the
  electromagnetic induction.
• The metal detector is connected to the robot
  body through the PCB.

http//www.elprocus.com/
19
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Metal Detector

• The following image shows the general metal
  detector used in the electronic projects.

http//www.elprocus.com/
20
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Push Buttons

• The push buttons are buttons which are made up of
  hard metals like plastic and metal.
• Generally the push buttons are used to reset the
  program in the microcontroller.
• The following image shows the push button image.

http//www.elprocus.com/
21
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
8051 Microcontroller

• The 8051 microcontroller consists of 40 pins.
• The 4th 5th pin of the microcontroller is
  connected to the crystal oscillator.
• The Vcc pin is given to the power supply of 5V
  and the ground pin is connected to the ground.
• The pins 15, 16, 18, 19 of the microcontroller
  are connected to the encoder IC of HT12E.
• The microcontroller pins 2, 7, 8, 9, are
  connected to the push buttons.

http//www.elprocus.com/
22
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
8051 Microcontroller

• The following image after connecting all the
  components like resistor, capacitor, crystal
  oscillator, 8051 series microcontroller, encoders
  and etc are on the printed circuit board.

PCB Connections
http//www.elprocus.com/
23
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
8051 Microcontroller

• The below image shows the metal detector robot
  with the 8051 series microcontroller.

Metal Detector Robot with the 8051 Series
Microcontroller
http//www.elprocus.com/
24
How To Build a Robot With an Arduino and 8051
Microcontroller
Conclusion

• Here in this project we showed how to build a
  simple robotic obstacle avoidance using arduino
  and 8051 Microcontroller. With the help of
  sensors and other components robot can detect the
  obstacle and turn around and avoid crashing.  

http//www.elprocus.com/
25
http//www.elprocus.com/