Prakriti - Complete Basic Constitution of the Body

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PRAKRITI
BASIC CONSTITUTION OF THE BODY MIND
By - DR. VIKRAM CHAUHAN MD (Ayurveda)
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WHAT IS PRAKRITI ?

• Prakriti means Nature
• When referring to humans, Prakriti is the unique
  physical and psychological nature

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• Prakriti can be Physical and Mental.
• In Ayurveda, people are classified according to
  their physical appearances and structures and
  their mental attributes.

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• Ayurvedic doctors can diagnose NATURE ( PRAKRITI
  ) through PULSE DIAGNOSIS and by asking a set of
  questions.
• Prakriti analysis guides the physician to help
  the patient lead a healthier and holistic
  lifestyle.

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• Prakriti is genetic in nature.
• It is determined at the time of conception.
• It depends upon the many prenatal, antenatal and
  postnatal factors.

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Our bodies are made up of 5 elements Soul

• These 5 elements are Earth, Water, Fire, Air and
  Ether.
• These 5 elements are represented in our bodies by
  3 physical energies, known as Doshas in
  Ayurveda -

1. Vata Dosha ( Air and Space )
2. Pitta Dosha ( Fire and Water )
3. Kapha Dosha ( Earth and Water )

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TYPES OF PRAKRITI
MENTAL CONSTITUTIONS
PHYSICAL CONSITUTIONS
7 Types Vata ( AIR ) Pitta ( FIRE ) Kapha
( EARTH WATER ) Vata-Pitta Vata-Kapha Pitta-Kap
ha Sama-Prakriti
Sattvika
Rajas
Tamas
3 Types Pashu Matsaya Vanaspatya
7 Types Brahma Arsha Endra Yamya Varun Kouber Gan
dharva
6 Types Asur Rakshas Paishach Sarpa Preta Shakun
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SHARIR PRAKRITI (PHYSICAL CONSTITUTION)
Vata, Pitta and Kapha (The 5 Elements ) are
responsible for PRAKRITI
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• The ratio and proportion of various elements
  determine the nature of an individual
• For example, various types of people can be like
  Earth, Fire, Water, Air, Ether and their
  combinations with each other.

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Physical constitution can be of 7 types

1. Vata type
2. Pitta type
3. Kapha type
4. Vata-Pitta type
5. Vata-Kapha type
6. Kapha-Pitta type
7. Vata-Pitta-Kapha type

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WHAT IS DOSHA?

• There are 3 doshas known as TRIDOSHA Vata,
  Pitta and Kapha.
• They are the physical manifestations of 5
  elements. They represent the physical as well as
  the functional aspects of the 5 elements.
• Vata Dosha Air Space
• Pitta Dosha Fire
• Kapha Dosha Earth Water

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• The Doshas make the physical constitution
  perform various metabolic/physiological functions
  in the body.
• The state of their balance is state of health and
  their imbalance causes diseases.

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THE BODY TYPES VATA TYPE PRAKRITI

• Vata type people are lean and thin.
• Their thoughts are moving as the air is
  responsible for movement in the universe.
• Their hands are moving.
• They keep shaking their legs, they keep making
  sounds with the knuckles and mainly seen biting
  their nails.

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The characteristics of Air element are
Light, Dry, Cold, Minute, Mobile, Clear,
Transparent, Rough

• People with Vata body type are usually thin.
• They have difficulty in gaining weight.
• Their skin is dry.
• Their hair are dry.
• They have very low strength.
• The eyes can be little sunken and face is not so
  broad.

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• The joints and veins are more prominent.
• The nose is protruding.
• They are good communicators as they keep telling
  their thoughts to others.
• They start 1 work at a time and then another 3-4
  more works at a time.
• They are full of energy and enthusiasm but tire
  easily.
• They are creative in nature and can create
  anything out of nothing.
• They are innovative.

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• They love dance, art, nature and philosophy.
• The memorize things easily and quickly and also
  forget quickly.
• They are fast and hasty in life.
• They make decisions quickly.
• They observe, calculate and come to a conclusion
  quickly.
• They have fast metabolism.

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• Their skin is dry, rough and thin with visible
  veins.
• Their sleep is not sound sleep.
• Their appetite is variable, usually eat very
  less.
• Sometimes they eat too much and sometimes less.
• The sexual desires are also variable and extreme.
  
• They sleep lightly, are easily disturbed and
  prone to insomnia.
• They are good speakers and attention grabbers.

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• Their pulse is fast, weak and irregular.
• They dislike cold, windy or dry environments and
  feel chilled quickly or shiver easily.
• Their hands and feet are often cold, or become
  cold easily.
• They open up quickly and express their emotions
  immediately.
• They may sound rude.
• They are quick money spenders and impulsive
  buyers.

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• They are highly sensitive and too much caring.
• They are so caring that sometimes they can be
  interpreted as too much interfering.
• Vata type people are usually restless, impatient
  and flexible, adaptable to change.
• They feel anxious and worried.
• They dont like cold weather, noisy environments.
  
• They walk very fast and make joint cracking
  sound.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF VATA BODY TYPE
People having Nature and Characteristics of
Vulture, Fox, Camel, Mouse, Crow are known to
have Vata Prakriti.
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DIET FOR VATA TYPE PEOPLE
GENERAL RULE

• Recommended - Hot, Fresh, Warm, Rich, Sweet,
  Sour, Salty, Spicy, Heavy, Vegetable Soups
• Eat in Moderation - Take Bitters and Astringent
  foods in moderation. Salads, Fruits at night, Ice
  creams, Cold, Dry, Light food without oil is not
  good for Vata types

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VEGETABLES

• Recommended - Avocados, Asparagus, Potatoes,
  Asparagus, Carrots, Olives, Pumpkin, Radish,
  Sweet Potato, Spinach, Mushrooms
• Eat in Moderation - Raw Salads, Peas, Cabbage,
  Cauliflower, Lettuce, Green Leaves Raw, Juices,
  Cucumbers, Frozen and Packaged food, Citrus Juices

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FRUITS

• Recommended - Mangoes, Bananas, Figs, Dates,
  Berries, Melons, Pears, Papaya, apricots, Grapes,
  Plums, Coconut water, Coconut, Dragon fruits,
  Rambutan, litchis, Berries, Pomegranates
• Eat in Moderation - Strawberries, Cherries, Kiwis
  and other Sour fruits

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GRAINS

• Recommended - Rye, Millet, Wheat, Oats, Rice
• Eat in Moderation - Corn, Rice flakes, Chips of
  Rice, Packaged cereals

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BEANS

• Recommended - Mung bean, Masoor bean
• Eat in Moderation - Most beans and lentils like
  kidney beans, black beans, black grams, chick
  peas, split beans

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NUTS SEEDS

• Recommended - Sesame, Sunflower seeds, Walnuts,
  Overnight soaked almonds
• Eat in Moderation - Dry roasted or smoked, salted
  nuts

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DAIRY PRODUCTS

• Recommended - Yogurt is ok if it suits your body.
  All milk and dairy in moderation
• Eat in Moderation - Powdered milk, ice cream,
  custards

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HERBS SPICES

• Recommended - Ginger, Garlic, Cloves, Cumin,
  Fennel Cinnamon, Coriander, nutmeg, Fenugreek is
  excellent. Turmeric, peppers, all types of
  peppers and all other spices are fine
• Eat in Moderation - Coriander leaves

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OILS

• Recommended - Most oils are ok. Oil massage is
  also recommended. Consume Ghee (Butter oil )
• Eat in Moderation - Corn oil and other light,
  refined oils, Butter in all forms, Margarine

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BEVERAGES

• Recommended - Vegetable Soups, Warm Soups, Veg-
  Non-Veg soups, Warm spice teas, warm milk. Herbal
  teas, Fresh fruit juices with black pepper or
  some spice. Buttermilk (Lassi ) with cumin seeds
• Eat in Moderation - Ice tea, packaged Vegetable
  juices, Beer, Carbonated drinks, cold or iced
  drinks, coffee, tea, Alcohol

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Diseases which Vata people are prone to
Vata is the driving force in the body hence it
may alone or in combination with the other two
doshas lead to the development of many diseases
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DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

• All types of paralytic conditions like
  hemiplegia, quadriplegia, facial paralysis,
  convulsions, schizophrenias and similar states
• Conditions affecting the neurosensory system like
  deafness, vertigo altered smell sensations,
  Tingling and loss of sensation in a part or whole
  of the limbs or body etc

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• All kinds of painful conditions in the body are
  due to vata, be it the numerous varieties of
  headaches, body ache, skeletal deformities, joint
  pains, back pains etc.

• Tendonitis, lameness, difficulty in walking,
  loose joints, Sciatica etc.

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DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• CONSTIPATION
• DIARRHEA
• VOMITTING
• PAIN IN ABDOMEN
• GAS, LOSS OF APPETITE
• OBSTRUCTION IN INTESTINES
• ABDOMINAL TUMORS

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DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SKELETAL SYSTEM

• ARTERY BLOCKAGES, VARICOSE VEINS
• ARTHRITIS
• GOUT
• KYPHOSIS, SCOLIOSIS, PAINFUL JOINTS

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DISEASES OF THE GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM

• PAINFUL URINATION
• FETAL DEFORMITIES
• RENAL BP
• PAINFUL MENSTRUATION
• INFERTILITY
• PREMATURE EJACULATION

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PITTA TYPE PEOPLE

• MEDIUM STRONG BUILD, FAIR COMPLEXION
• HAIR LOSS PREMATURE GRAYING OF HAIR
• PREMATURE AGING, WRINKLES
• RED EYES, WARM TO TOUCH

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• LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
• COMMANDING
• STUBBORN, INTELLIGENT
• PUSHY TARGET ORIENTED
• AMBITIOUS
• LUXURY DESIRES
• CAN NOT TAKE CRITICISM

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• They do not tolerate heat and sweat a lot
• They are very romantic at heart and have strong
  sexual drive more than vata but less than kapha
  people.
• Anger and lack of patience is their weakness.
• They have a good digestion and strong metabolism
  and enjoy large quantities of food and liquids.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF PITTA BODY TYPE
People having Nature and Characteristics of Owl,
Monkey, Cat, Tiger, Bear, Mongoose are known to
have Pitta Prakriti.
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• People with a Pitta dosha have more FIRE ELEMENT
• They are of medium build, with greater muscular
  development than Vata type
• Their skin is soft and warm, and they have a lot
  of body heat and often perspire excessively.

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• Their hair is thin and often reddish or blond,
  and they may experience premature graying,
  baldness or excessive hair loss.
• Their skin flushes easily and they often have
  many freckles and moles.
• Their skin develops acne, rashes, bruises or
  sunburn easily.

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DIET FOR PITTA TYPE PEOPLE
GENERAL RULE

• Recommended - Sweet, bitter, astringents, cool
  foods and liquids.
• Eat in Moderation - Sour, salty, pungent and
  fermented foods are to be avoided. All sweeteners
  also to be taken in moderation.

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VEGETABLES

• Recommended - Asparagus, Bell pepper, Broccoli,
  Brussel sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Celery,
  Corn, Cucumber, Mushroom, peas, Potatoes,
  Zucchini, Salads
• Eat in Moderation - Beets, Carrots, Chilies, Egg
  plant, Olives, Onion, Radish, Spinach, Tomatoes,
  Turnip

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FRUITS

• Recommended - Apple, Banana, Dates, Grapes (red
  and purple), Lychee, Mangoes (ripe), Melons,
  Pomegranate, Papaya (sweet), Figs, Dates, Pears,
  Pine apple (sweet), Coconut
• Eat in Moderation - Berries, Cherries, Citrus
  fruits, Cranberries, Plumbs, Apricots, All unripe
  fruits

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GRAINS

• Recommended - Oats, Barley, Rice, Wheat
• Eat in Moderation - Corn, Rye, Millet

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DAIRY PRODUCTS

• Recommended Butter, Egg white, Milk, Ice cream,
  Cow ghee
• Eat in Moderation - Cheese, Egg yolks, Sour
  cream, Yogurt, Butter milk (sour)

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BEANS

• Recommended Mung daal, Chick peas, Tofu, Other
  soya bean products
• Eat in Moderation - Lentils

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OILS

• Recommended Coconut, Sun flower, Olive, Soy
• Eat in Moderation Almond, Sesame, Corn, Mustard

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NUTS AND SEEDS

• Recommended Coconut, Sun flower, seeds, Pumpkin
  seeds
• Eat in Moderation All others

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HERBS SPICES

• Recommended Cardamom, Coriander, Cinnamon,
  Fennel, Mint, Turmeric, Cumin (small qty.), Black
  pepper (small qty.)
• Eat in Moderation Mustard, Salt, Vinegar,
  Pickles, Sauces

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SWEETENERS

• Recommended All are acceptable except honey and
  molasses
• Eat in Moderation Honey and Molasses

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BEVERAGES

• Recommended Water, Milk, Cool drinks, Coconut
  milk, Fruit juices (sweet), Vegetable juices
• Eat in Moderation
• Tea, Coffee, Alcohol, Hot drinks
• Carbonated drinks

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NON-VEG

• Eat in Moderation Chicken, Shrimp, Sea food,
  Deer
• Not Recommended Eggs, Red meat and Packaged
  meat products

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DISEASES WHICH PITTA PEOPLE ARE PRONE TO

• RASHES, SKIN INFLAMMATION, PEPTIC ULCERS, BOILS,
  HEART BURN
• YELLOW EYES, BITTER TASTE IN MOUTH, LIVER
  DISORDERS
• HYPERTHYROID, BP, PROSTATE AND CANCERS OF ALL
  TYPES

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• BLEEDING DISORDERS, LOW PLATELETS, BLOOD CANCERS,
  MOLES, FRECKLES, WRINKLES,
• AGGRESSION, MANIA, LOSS OF CONSICIOUSNESS,
  PALPITATIONS

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KAPHA TYPE

• HUGE BUILD , BRAOD FACE AND FOREHEAD
• THICK HAIR , STURDY BODY
• GAIN WEIGHT EASILY
• SLOW TO MOVE , GOOD STAMINA
• DIFFICULT TO MOTIVATE
• STRONG BONES AND TEETH

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• LOVE TO SLEEP
• MOIST SKIN, FAIR, BIG BRIGHT EYES, THICK HAIR,
  PLEASANT PERSONALITY
• SLOW LEARNERS
• GOOD LONG TERM MEMORY
• SENSIBLE SPENDERS OF MONEY

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• TOLERANT, STUBBORN, HARD TO CONVINCE
• MOSTLY CALM AND COMPOSE
• PREFER HOT FOOD DRINKS

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CHARACTERISTICS OF KAPHA BODY TYPE
People having Nature and Characteristics of Lion,
Elephant, Cow, Eagle, Bull, Swan are known to
have Kapha Prakriti.
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DIET FOR KAPHA TYPE PEOPLE
GENERAL RULE

• Recommended - Light, Dry, Warm Food, Spicy,
  Bitter, Astringent Tastes
• Eat in Moderation - Large, Heavy, Cold Food,
  Sour, Salty, Sweet - Tastes

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VEGETABLES

• Recommended Asparagus, Beets, Broccoli,
  Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Carrot, Celery, Peas,
  Egg Plant, Bell Peppers, Lettuce, Reddish,
  Spinach, Zucchini
• Eat in Moderation Corn, Cauliflower, Cucumber,
  Mushroom, Potatoes, Pumpkin, Parsnip, Tubers

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FRUIT

• Recommended - Apple, Pear, Apricot, Berries,
  Cherries, Peach, Papaya, Pomegranate, Dried Fruit
• Eat in Moderation - Banana, Dates, Avocado,
  Coconut, Figs, Mango, Grapes, Melons, Pineapple,
  Plum, Strawberries, Rhubarb

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GRAINS

• Recommended - Barley, Rye, Millet, Buckwheat,
  Oats
• Eat in Moderation - New Wheat and Rice, Pasta

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BEANS

• Recommended - Mung Beans, Tofu (Small Quantity),
  Lentils
• Eat in Moderation - Kidney Beans, Chick Peas

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Cont
DAIRY PRODUCTS

• Recommended - Skim Milk, Goat Milk, Butter Milk,
  Little amount of Cows Ghee
• Eat in Moderation - Yogurt, Cream, Butter, Full
  Cream Milk

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SWEETENERS

• Recommended - Honey
• Eat in Moderation - Sugar Cane Products

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HERBS SPICES

• Recommended - All except salt
• Eat in Moderation - Salt

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OILS

• Recommended - Sunflower and other in little
  quantity
• Eat in Moderation - Almost all oils in little
  quantity

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BEVERAGES

• Recommended - Warm Drinks, Herbal And Spice Teas,
  Fruit And Vegetable Juice
• Drink in Moderation - Carbonated Drinks, Cold Or
  Iced Drinks, Coffee, Tea, Alcohol

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NON-VEG

• Recommended Non-Veg is not recommended for
  Kapha People.
• Eat in Moderation - Some Non-Veg soups of light
  weight birds and animals, especially living in
  deserts can be given, in state of disease.

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DISEASES WHICH KAPHA PEOPLE ARE PRONE TO

• OBESITY, THICK SKIN ERUPTIONS, EXCESSIVE SLEEP
• CORNS
• LIPOMAS
• COUGH, COLD,
• RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, ASTHMA
• DIABETES
• HIGH CHOLESTEROL, BLOCKED ARTERIES

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4. VATA-PITTA TYPE

• These people have mixed traits of both the
  prakritis vata and Pitta in different proportions.

5. VATA-KAPHA TYPE

• Have traits of vata and kapha prakritis. The diet
  regimen for the same should also be according to
  the instructions tabulated above.

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6. PITTA-KAPHA TYPE

• Have traits of both Pitta and kapha prakriti.
• Pittaja and kaphaja prakriti diet charts may be
  keeping in mind things that are useful in such
  patients.

5. VATA-PITTA-KAPHA TYPE

• All three doshas are found in different
  proportions in these prakritis.
• Diet regimen would include individual assessment
  of each individual and accordingly the diet would
  be prescribed on the basis of the basic vata,
  pitta, kapha diets.

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MANASA PRAKRITI MENTAL CONSTITUTION

• There are three types of Manasa doshas namely
  SATVA, RAJA, TAMA
• According to which three types of Prakritis are
  there, SATVIK PRAKRITI, RAJSIK PRAKRITI AND
  TAMASIK PRAKRITI
• Which are again subdivided into a total of 16
  Manas Prakritis as described in SUSHRUTA SAMHITA.

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3 mental aspects of Prakriti
The word Prakriti is made up of Sattva, Rajas and
Tamas.

• Sattva ( pra ) White, Purity, Knowledge,
  Happiness, Bliss, Power, Peace, Love
• Rajas ( kri ) Red, Painful, Mobile,
• Tamas ( ti ) Dark, Inertia, Confusion,
• Resistant, Slow and Dullness

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1. Sattvic Prakriti ( Mainly Space dominated with
   elements of Fire Space Water )
2. Rajasik Prakriti ( Mainly Vata dominated i.e.
   Air Ether )
3. Tamasik Prakriti ( Mainly Kapha dominated i.e.
   Earth Water )

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• Knowing the Dosha type ( Physical characteristics
  ) and Guna types ( Mental characteristics ) one
  can understand and determine ones nature.
• Ascertaining the nature is very important tool to
  diagnose and treat in Ayurveda.
• It helps a physician to make a personal diet
  chart, life style plans, and exercise schedules
  as per individual personality.
• Thats why Ayurveda is called Holistic medicine

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• Every individual has unique doshas, unique
  characteristics, and unique nutritional
  requirements.
• Knowing these can help in a great deal to treat a
  disease and maintain health.

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SATVIKA MENTAL CONSTITUTION 7 TYPES

1. Brahmakaya
2. Mahendra Kaya
3. Varuna Kaya
4. Kubera Kaya
5. Gandharva Kaya
6. Yamya Satva (Kaya)
7. Risi Satva (Kaya)

SATVIKA KAYA
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RAJASIK MENTAL CONSTITUTION - 6 TYPES

1. Asura Kaya
2. Sarpa kaya
3. Shakuna kaya
4. Raksasa kaya
5. Pishacha kaya
6. Preta kaya

RAJASA KAYA
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Tamasik mental constitution 3 types

1. Pashu Kaya ( Like Animal )
2. Matsya ( Like Fishes )
3. Vanaspatya kaya ( Like Plants )

TAMASA KAYA
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CHARECTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE INDIVIDUAL MANASA
PRAKRITIS
SATVIKA KAYA (SATVIK MENTAL CONSTITUTION) (7)
1. BRAHMAKAYA
The features of Brahmakaya are as follows

• Cleanliness
• Worshipping
• Belief in God
• Indulging in fire sacrifices
• Scriptures
• Purity, love for truth
• Regular practice of vedas

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2. MAHENDRA KAYA
3. VARUNA KAYA
Features of Mahendra kaya are as follows
Features of Varuna kaya are as follows

• Glory
• Courage
• Commanding
• Having knowledge of sciences
• Kindness towards serpents

• Desire for cold
• Forbearance
• Color of the body, eyes and hairs are brownish in
  color
• Speaks affectionately

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4. KUBERA KAYA
5. GANDHARVA KAYA
Features of Kubera kaya are as follows
Features of Gandharva kaya are as follows

• Fondness towards perfumes and garlands
• Desirous of dance and playing musical instruments
  
• Likes to visit various picnic spots.

• Adoptance of middle path in all activities
• Capacity to withstand difficulties
• Acquisition of wealth
• Capacity to produce many offsprings.

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6. YAMYA SATVA KAYA
7. RISI SATVA KAYA
Features of Yamya Satva kaya are as follows
Features of Risi Satva kaya are as follows

• Involving in constant meditation
• Vows
• Celibacy
• Fire sacrifice
• Study of scriptures
• Possessed with general and special knowledge.

• Performance of right actions with strong
  determination
• Full of courage
• Excellent memory
• Cleanliness
• Devoid of passion
• Delusion
• Infatuation and hatredness

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RAJASA MANAS PRAKRITI (RAJASIKA MENTAL
CONSTITUTION) (6)
1. ASURA KAYA
2. SARPA KAYA
The features of Asura kaya are as follows
Features of Sarpa kaya are as follows

• Quick in actions
• Gets tired quickly
• Fearful
• Angry
• Deceiving
• Unsteady
• Desirous of recreation

• Full of wealth
• Terrifying look
• Courageous
• Angry
• Jealous
• Likes to take food in loneliness
• Consumes large quantity of food

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4. RAKSASA KAYA
3. SHAKUNA KAYA
The features of Rakasaka Kaya are as follows
The features of Shakuna Kaya are as follows

• Understands things without others support .
• Terrifying look
• Jealous
• Violating the stipulated norm
• Flattering himself greatly

• Indulging in sexual pleasures in excess
• Consumes food without break
• Impatient
• Roaming around constantly

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5. PISHACA KAYA
6. PRETA KAYA
The features of Pishaca Kaya are as follows
The features of Preta kaya are as follows

• Intake of food which has been discarded by others
  
• Cruelty
• Fond of adventures
• Desirous of women
• Lack of shyness

• Doesnt share anything with others
• Lazyness
• Always full of grief
• Jealous
• Sensuous
• Doesnt give anything to others

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TAMASA PRAKRITI
1. PASHU KAYA Animal type
2. MATSYA KAYA Fish type

• Bad thinking
• Sluggish activities
• Dreams everyday as indulging in copulation
• Denies everything

• Unsteadiness
• Idiotism
• Desire for water
• Fighting with one another

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3. VANASPATYA KAYA

• Always likes to sit in one particular place
• Consumes food often
• Doesnt follow truthfulness and righteousness
• Devoid of lust and wealth

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IMPORTANCE OF DETERMINING PRAKRITI OF A PATIENT

• DIAGNOSIS
• PROGNOSIS
• DIET MODIFICATION
• LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION
• APPROPRIATE HERBS AND TREATMENT

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THIS WHOLE INFORMATION FOR YOUR GOOD HEALTH AND
WELL BEING IS PROVIDED BY
DR. VIKRAM CHAUHAN
MD AYURVEDIC MEDICINE
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OUR EXPERTS
Dr. Vaidya Madan Gulati, BAMS - Gold Medalist, MD
(AYURVEDA)
Dr. Vikram Chauhan, BAMS, MD (AYURVEDA)
Dr. Meenakshi Chauhan, BAMS - Gold Medalist,
MD (Alt. Med.)
Vaidya Anthony Rouse, Graduate in Ayurveda
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