Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

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An arrhythmia occurs when the electrical impulses that coordinates your heartbeats don't work properly, resulting in your heart to beat too fast, too slow or abnormally. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat): Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment


1
Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat)
2
What are the causes of an arrhythmia?
  • Coronary artery disease
  • High blood pressure
  • Changes in the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy)
  • Valve disorders
  • Electrolyte imbalances in the blood, such
    as sodium or potassium
  • Injury from a heart attack
  • The healing process after heart surgery
  • Other medical conditions

3
Symptoms
  • An arrhythmia doesnt usually cause any
    symptoms. But gradually, it may show certain
    signs including 
  • A fluttering in your chest
  • A racing heartbeat
  • A slow heartbeat
  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Light-headedness or dizziness
  • Sweating
  • Fainting (syncope) or near fainting

4
Symptoms
Continue
  • Arrhythmias may cause you to feel premature
    or extra heartbeats, or you may feel that your
    heart is racing or beating too slowly. Other
    signs and symptoms may be related to your heart
    not pumping effectively due to the fast or slow
    heartbeat. These include shortness of breath,
    weakness, dizziness, light-headedness, fainting
    or near fainting, and chest pain or discomfort. 

5
Tests and diagnosis for an arrhythmia 
  • Tests recommended by your cardiologist in order
    to diagnose arrhythmia include 
  • ECG During an ECG, sensors (electrodes) that can
    detect the electrical activity of your heart are
    attached to your chest and sometimes to your
    limbs. An ECGmeasures the timing and duration of
    each electrical phase in your heartbeat.
  • Echocardiogram In this non-invasive test, a
    hand-held device (transducer) placed on your
    chest uses sound waves to produce images of your
    heart's size, structure and motion.

6
Tests and diagnosis for an arrhythmia 
Continue
  • Implantable loop recorder This device detects
    abnormal heart rhythms and is implanted under the
    skin in the chest area.
  • Electrophysiological testing and mapping In this
    test, doctors thread thin, flexible tubes
    (catheters) tipped with electrodes through your
    blood vessels to a variety of spots within your
    heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the
    spread of electrical impulses through your heart.
  • Stress Test During a stress test, you'll be
    asked to exercise on a treadmill or stationary
    bicycle while your heart activity is monitored.
    If doctors are evaluating you to determine if
    coronary artery disease may be causing the
    arrhythmia, and you have difficulty exercising.

7
Treatments
  • Usually, treatment for an arrhythmia is required
    only if the arrhythmia is causing significant
    symptoms or if it's putting you at risk of a more
    serious arrhythmia or arrhythmia
    complication. Treating slow heartbeats If slow
    heartbeats don't have a cause that can be
    corrected, doctors often treat them with
    a pacemaker because there aren't any medications
    that can reliably speed up your heart. Treating
    fast heartbeats For fast heartbeats, treatments
    may include vagal manoeuvres, medications,
    cardioversion, and catheter ablation.

8
Arrhythmia (Irregular Heartbeat)
  • An arrhythmia occurs when the electrical
    impulses that coordinates your heartbeats don't
    work properly, resulting in your heart to beat
    too fast, too slow or abnormally. The condition
    may feel like a racing heart and may be
    undamaging. However, some heart arrhythmias may
    lead to life-threatening symptoms.

9
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