Lecture 2: Latent/Manifest/Observed Variables using in SEM Analysis (www.statswork.com)

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LECTURE SERIES
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING REAL TIME
APPLICATION WITH EXAMPLES
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Latent Vs. Manifest/ Observed Variables in SEM
analysis
LECTURE - 2
BASIC INTRODUCTION- II
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Table of Content
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• Latent Variables
• Observed or Manifest Variables

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What is Latent Observed in SEM?

• SEM consists of two parts
• Measurement model(s) for each latent variable
• Path analysis between the latent and observed
  variables
• Variable Labels
• Latent variable factor construct
  
• Observed variable measured variable
  manifest variable indicator
  generally considered endogenous

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Latent Variables
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• In the behavioural sciences researchers often
  interested in studying theoretical constructs
  that cannot be observed directly.
• These phenomena are termed as
• latent variables, or common factors.
• Unmeasurable Pure Variables or true score
• not directly observed
• Free of measurement errors
• Examples of latent variables
• Psychology Self concept and Motivation.
• EducationVerbal ability Teacher Expectancy.

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Observed or manifest variables
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• Latent variables are not observed directly, it
  follows that they cannot be measured directly.
• The unobserved variable is linked to one that is
  observable, thereby measurement is possible.
• directly measurable (through questionnaire)
• include measurement error
• The term behaviour is used here in the very
  broadest sense to include scores on a particular
  measuring instrument.
• Examples
• Self-report to an attitudinal scale.
• Scores on achievement test.

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Figure shows the Latent Observed Variables
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Upcoming Weeks..

• Lecture -3

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS

• Exogenous and Endogenous latent variables