Epilepsy: Information on symptoms, causes and treatment (1) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Epilepsy: Information on symptoms, causes and treatment (1)

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Epilepsy refers to a set of neurological disorders that are commonly manifested through seizures. It is the result of a disruption in the normal cell-to-cell communication process of the central nervous system. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Epilepsy: Information on symptoms, causes and treatment (1)


1
Epilepsy
2
Epilepsy
  • Epilepsy refers to a set of neurological
    disorders that are commonly manifested through
    seizures. It is the result of a disruption in the
    normal cell-to-cell communication process of the
    central nervous system. Seizures have the ability
    to raise a serious alarm if left untreated,
    causing havoc in a person's life. Although these
    episodes may be infrequent, it is important that
    the patient is made aware of the condition he
    faces when attack strikes. At most times,
    patients when left unaware, often find themselves
    at the mercy of others, without realising that
    help is just at an arm's length.

3
How to deal with a seizure
  • Sometimes, one cannot really monitor the
    frequency of a seizure. Most of the time patients
    have little or no control over their body parts.
    Some of them are even scared, thinking that they
    might be mugged when a seizure strikes. Most
    doctors recommend that the patient and his family
    members should be made aware of what he might do
    during an attack. Although only about 1 percent
    of the world is known to suffer from these
    seizures, the causes are yet under research, with
    a definite solution that still remains unearthed!

4
Causes and effects of epilepsy
  • The physiological reason behind epilepsy is
    altered communication between neurons. This may
    occur due to brain tumours and cancers, brain
    injury, alcohol or drug abuse, as well as certain
    bacterial and parasitic infections. Depending on
    the precise aetiology, epileptic conditions have
    been categorised as 
  • Symptomatic epilepsy that involves pathologically
    evident damage to the brain tissue.
  • Cryptogenic epilepsy that is characterised by
    symptoms suggestive of brain damage but no
    physical damage to the brain is detectable.
  • Idiopathic epilepsy, for which the aetiology is
    unclear.

5
Symptoms
  • The signs of epilepsy largely depend upon the
    type of seizure. Some of them may last for only
    20 seconds whereas some might stretch for about
    45 minutes to an hour. Since they are difficult
    to pinpoint, there is a generalised view on this.
  • Generalised seizures may affect the consciousness
    and bodily functions from its onset and affect
    the whole body.
  • Absence seizures usually last 10 to 30 seconds.
    They may include slight movement, or a total loss
    of contact with the environment. Since the
    impulses to the brain are infrequent, it's a
    tough situation for the patient to even move his
    finger.

6
Treatments
  • Epilepsy cannot be cured completely but can be
    controlled by treating the specific neurological
    disorder as well as by using anti-epileptic drugs
    (AED). However, certain precautions should be
    taken.
  • You could loosen some amount of restrictive
    clothing roll over the patient to one side so
    that he breathes easily, without any blockages.
  • You could move any sharp or potentially harmful
    items away from the person suffering from a
    seizure to ensure that he does not harm himself
    or others around him.

7
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