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Cinematography is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: cinematography college in pune


1
What is Cinematography
  • Cinematography (also called Direction of
    Photography) is the science or art of
    motion-picture photography by recording light or
    other electromagnetic radiation, either
    electronically by means of an image sensor, or
    chemically by means of a light-sensitive material
    such as film stock.1
  • Typically, cinematographers use a lens to
    repeatedly focus the light reflected from objects
    into real images on the light-sensitive surface
    inside a camera during a questionedcitation
    needed exposure, creating multiple images. With
    an electronic image-sensor, this produces an
    electrical charge at each pixel, which is
    electronically processed and stored in a video
    file for subsequent display or processing. The
    result with photographic emulsion is a series of
    invisible latent images on the film stock, which
    are later chemically "developed" into a visible
    image. The images on the film stock are played
    back at a rapid speed and projected onto a
    screen, creating the illusion of motion.
  • Cinematography finds uses in many fields of
    science and business as well as for entertainment
    purposes and mass communication.
  • The word "cinematography" was coinedby whom? on
    the basis of the Greek words ????µa (kinema),
    meaning "movement, motion" and ???fe?? (graphein)
    meaning "to record", together meaning "recording
    motion". The word used to refer to the art,
    process, or job of filming movies, but later its
    meaning became restricted to "motion picture
    photography".

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2
Job Description for Cinematography
  • Cinematographers (a.k.a. directors of
    photography) work alongside directors to give
    films, TV shows, music videos and television
    commercials their own unique aesthetic style.
    Responsible for managing camera crews and
    lighting crews, they oversee the selection and
    manipulation of technical equipment to create
    striking images on screen.
  • The visual impact of a film is driven by the
    creative choices a cinematographer makes. These
    guys make the big decisions about the use of
    different lenses, filters, lighting techniques
    and camera movements to create dramatic effect
    and prompt different emotional responses from the
    audience. Theyre also responsible for making
    decisions about aspect ratio, digital effects,
    image contrast, and frame rates.
  • Cinematographers get involved throughout the
    entire production lifecycle. Before filming
    starts, they dissect the screenplay, conduct
    extra research into different styles and motifs
    which relate to the subject matter of the script,
    and liaise with the director to discuss their
    creative ideas.
  • The next step involves meticulously planning the
    technical execution of each shot. They also
    figure out what equipment and staff will be
    required. They are then responsible for handling
    the procurement of equipment and the recruitment
    of camera operators, gaffers, grips and other
    technical production specialists. Throughout this
    process, cinematographers need to be mindful of
    budget restrictions and time constraints.
  • During filming, cinematographers run the show,
    directing the technical production crew and
    making sure the correct lenses, filters, cranes,
    Steadicams, dollies and lights are used for each
    shot. Sometimes cinematographers operate camera
    equipment themselvesalthough this is more likely
    to happen on low budget movies with smaller
    crews.
  • Post-production, cinematographers work alongside
    directors and editors to make sure the colour
    grading of the film or TV show is spot on.

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3
Salary Benefits
  • Cinematographers can earn anywhere between
    50,000 and 300,000 per annum. Understandably
    though, the vast majority of cinematographers
    start their careers as junior camera operators,
    where they are likely to earn around 15,000 a
    year.
  • After gaining plenty of experience, a camera
    operators salary may gradually increase to
    around 35,000 a year, but it takes years of
    dedication before you can make the step up and
    start earning the big bucks.
  • Salaries in this area fluctuate massively, as
    most cinematographers work on a freelance basis
    and therefore their wages are entirely dependent
    on how frequently they manage to secure work.

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4
Salary Benefits
  • Salary levels also depend on the size and budget
    of each production that the cinematographer works
    on. Indeed, those who work on feature films with
    large budgets can earn a handsome wage.
  • If you become a cinematographer, you wont be
    clocking-off at 5pm every day. Expect to be
    working long, irregular and unsociable hours. The
    nature of film production means that filming can
    take place at any time of the day. You may even
    be required to work at the weekend from time to
    time.
  • You will also usually find yourself working in a
    variety of different places, i.e. in studios,
    offices and on-set in remote locations. Travel,
    both domestically and internationally, is also
    common.

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5
Entry In Cinematography
  • Many cinematographers go to film school before
    getting their first break in the film industry.
    However, this is by no means necessary!
  • Admittedly, studying a degree or diploma in a
    relevant subject, such as film production,
    cinematography, film studies or media studies,
    will help you to hone your craft and give you a
    great insight into how a film is made. However,
    you could study a degree in any discipline and
    still manage to develop a career in
    cinematography.
  • You can even enter this profession without a
    degree or diploma. After all, the only essential
    entry criteria for this area of work are a
    passion for film and expert knowledge of how to
    use cameras and other film-making equipment.
  • Whichever route you decide to take, you will most
    likely start off as a runner, photographic
    technician or camera assistant, and then work
    your way up through the ranks for many years
    before finally becoming a cinematographer.
  • Indeed, the only way to progress in this industry
    is to get work experience, learn from the best,
    and build up a network of useful industry
    contacts.


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6
Training Progression
  • All of your training will be done whilst on the
    job in a lower-level position. As you gain more
    experience and establish yourself,
    experimentation is the key to development. Youll
    need to push yourself and try out different
    things.
  • You will also need to keep up-to-date with the
    latest advancements in technology and filming
    techniques.
  • Cinematographers are at the top of the career
    ladder and tend to work on a freelance basis.
    Consequently, there are no real opportunities for
    career progression. At this level, its all about
    building your reputation, earning more money and
    gaining recognition from the Academy.
  • The way to achieve this is through hard work,
    personal endeavour and networking. The British
    Society of Cinematographers offers great
    opportunities for you to develop your network of
    influential contacts.

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7
Thank You.
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