Mucormycosis: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Mucormycosis
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Mucormycosis

• Mucormycosis is a serious but rare fungal
  infection which is caused by a cluster of molds
  called mucormycetes. These fungi tend to grow
  within the environment, specifically in soil and
  in link with decaying organic matter, like
  leaves, compost piles, or rotten wood.Some of
  the examples of the types of fungi that most
  commonly cause mucormycosis are Rhizopus
  species, Mucor species, Cunninghamella
  bertholletiae, Apophysomyces species, and
  Lichtheimia species.People suffer mucormycosis
  by coming in contact with the fungal spores
  present in the environment. For example, the lung
  or sinus forms of the infection can happen to
  someone after he or she inhales the spores from
  the air.Usually these forms of mucormycosis
  occur in people who have weakened immune systems.
  Mucormycosis can be produced on the skin as the
  fungus makes its way and enters the skin via cut,
  scrape, burn, or other type of skin trauma.

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How does someone get mucormycosis?

• People get mucormycosis by coming in contact
  with fungal spores in the environment. For
  example, the sinus or lung types of the infection
  can happen after someone inhales the spores
  present in the air. Mucormycosis can develop on
  the skin after the fungus enters the skin through
  a cut, scrape, burn, or other type of skin
  trauma.

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How is mucormycosis diagnosed?

• Doctor looks at your previous medical history,
  symptoms, physical examinations, and laboratory
  tests when diagnosing mucormycosis.If your
  doctor founds that you have mucormycosis in your
  lungs or sinuses, he or she might collect a
  sample of fluid from your respiratory system to
  send to a laboratory.Your doctor may perform a
  tissue biopsy, in which a small sample of
  affected tissue is analyzed in a laboratory for
  evidence of mucormycosis under a microscope or in
  a fungal culture.You may also need to go
  through imaging tests like a CT scan of your
  lungs, sinuses, or other parts of your body
  depending on the location of the suspected
  infection.

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Symptoms of Mucormycosis

• The symptoms of mucormycosis rely on where in
  the body the fungus is growing. Mucormycosis is
  very rare and it typically affects people who
  have weakened immune systems. Contact your doctor
  if you have symptoms that you think are related
  to mucormycosis.Symptoms of mucormycosis
  include
• One-sided facial swelling
• Headache
• Nasal or sinus congestion
• Black lesions on upper inside of mouth
• Fever
• Cough

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Symptoms of Mucormycosis
Continue

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Gastrointestinal bleeding

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How is mucormycosis treated?

• Mucormycosis is a severe infection and it needs
  to be treated with prescribed antifungal
  medication, generally amphotericin B,
  posaconazole or isavuconazole.These medications
  are given through a vein (amphotericin B,
  posaconazole, isavuconazole) or by mouth
  (posaconazole, isavuconazole). Often,
  mucormycosis requires surgery to cut away the
  infected tissue.

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