Biodiversity and Conservation for Higher Secondary School Biology

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BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION FOR HIGHER
SECONDARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY

• Earth is a beautiful place for living things. It
  has a variety of life on earth termed as
  Biodiversity. It consists of flora, fauna,
  tropical forests cover, rivers etc. Biodiversity
  conservation is very important for human life.
  All living things are dependent on biodiversity
  for their survival. Plants, animals, insects,
  humans are entirely dependent on biodiversity.
  It provides food, shelter, clothes, medicines,
  and infrastructure for livelihood. It is a
  crucial topic to be understood and discussed for
  many decades. This is a very important chapter
  in biology for 12th standard students of CBSE
  Board. Solutions to all the questions in this
  chapter can be easily found in any good solution
  key that provides NCERT Solutions for Class 12
  Biology. Rapid environmental changes are causing
  mass extinctions of species on earth.
  Biodiversity is not evenly distributed. It
  varies from region to region. Some areas might
  have abundant resources and some might be less.
• BIODIVERSITY
• The diversity of living things depends on
  temperature, altitude, soil, geography etc.
  Biodiversity hotspot is a region where there is a
  high level of endemic species that has become
  vulnerable to extinction. There are three types
  of diversity
• Genetic diversity A single species shows high
  diversity at the genetic level over its
  distributional range.
• Species diversity a species shows diversity at
  species level.
• Ecological diversity At the ecosystem level, it
  has deserts, rain forests, mangroves, coral
  reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and alpine meadows.
• PATTERN OF BIODIVERSITY
• Latitudinal gradients The plants and animals are
  not uniform throughout but have uneven
  distribution. The species diversity generally
  decreases as they move towards the pole than
  equator.
• Species area relationships The species richness
  increases when the area increases.
• LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY
• The biological wealth of our planet is rapidly
  declining due to several factors. The loss of
  biodiversity may lead to decline in plant
  production, increase in soil erosion, global
  warming etc.
• The various factors associated for the loss of
  biodiversity are
• Habitat loss and fragmentation
• Over exploitation

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