WHAT IS FACIAL FRECKLES PIGMENTATION?

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WHAT IS FACIAL FRECKLES PIGMENTATION?
What are Freckles-
Facial freckles are the small brown spots on the
skin which often gets in the area which is
exposed to the sun more prominently, facial
freckles are generally harmless. Facial freckles
are the multiples spots which can develop on sun
exposure and are flat, brown circular, biege
spots. This is commonly seen in the people with
fair complexion, this can also seen in the
children that are at 1 to 2 years of age.
Most of the facial freckels are uniform in colour
but it can vary they might be of reddish yellow,
light brown or black colour. Freckles are
basically darker than the surrounding skin.
Facial freckles can become more darker when
exposed to Sun and lightens down in the winter
season. Freckles generally caused due to increase
in the amount of melanin, melanin is a dark
pigment, and it can increase the total number of
the pigment producing cells that are called as
melanocytes, The word freckle comes from the
Middle English freken, which, in turn, came from
the Old Norse freknur, meaning "freckled." (Some
speakers of Old English and Old Norse must have
had a tendency to develop freckles).
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Freckles vs lentigines-
Ephelides- This is a Greek word and is a medical
term for freckles, this refers to 1 mm - 2 mm
flot spots that are slightly reddish and tan,
these generally appear during the Sunny month's.
These are most commonly found in the people with
light complexion they are hereditary trait, Sun
avoidance and sun protection, including the
regular use of sunscreen, help to suppress the
appearance of the freckles. This can appear to
anyone who does not protect themselves from the
harmful UV rays. 
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Lentigines- This is a term which is generally
used for certain type of large pigment its parts
which is most commonly present on the site of
previous Sun damage or sunburn, lentigines are
more darker than the common frackles and it does
not fade during the winter season, the number of
melanocytes and melanosomes are normal in
appearance, although these are the part of
certain rare genetic syndromes these are just
isolated and unimportant spots.
Causes of Freckles-
Freckles are developed as a result of combination
of Sun exposure and genetic predisposition. The
sun emits ultraviolet UV rays which when absorbed
by the skin increases the production of melanin
pigment. People with light colour eyes and fair
skin complexion are especially more susceptible
to the damage of UV rays and are more likely to
develop freckles. 
What increases freckles-
Freckles is not only a cause of sunlight but the
credit goes to both the natural environment and
the genetics, the risk of burning can increase
the incidence of freckles. People whose skin
produces pheomelanin are at more risk of
developing freckles because they aren't protected
from the UV radiations and tend to have.
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• Red blonde hair
• Light skin
• Freckles
• Poorly taning skin

Treatment  of Freckles-
Freckles are rarely treated, but there are some
expensive methods that are available to lighten
or to reduce the appearance of Freckles, multiple
aur combination of treatments can be required for
the bus results. 
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Freckles are rarely treated, but there are some
expensive methods that are available to lighten
or to reduce the appearance of Freckles, multiple
aur combination of treatments can be required for
the bus results. 
1) Bleaching or fading creams- Products that
contains hydroquinone and kojic acid can be used
as a fading cream for Freckles, these products
can help to lighten down the Freckles if they are
applied consistently for certain months.
Bleaching or fading creams are the most effective
when in combination with some protection and
avoidance of direct sunlight.
2) Cryosurgery- The light freeze with the liquid
nitrogen can be used to treat some of the types
of freckles, not every spots can be treated from
this type of therapy but it has been turned out
to be a really effective treatment of freckles.
3) Laser treatment- Multiple type of laser
treatment can help to lighten and decrease the
appearance of freckles effectively. This is a
simple and safe procedure with high success rate
it also has low risk of scarring and skin
discoloration.
4) Retinoids- Retinoids can also used with other
bleaching creams this can help to lighten
freckles if it is applied consistently over a
period of several months.
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Prevention of Freckles-
Since it can be caused by genetic component the
main prevention methods is to avoid sun. Sun
protection and avoidance can include - 

• Use of sunscreen with spf 50
• Wide brimmed hats can be used to avoid the
  sunlight hitting the face
• Use of Sun protective clothing such as Long pants
  and long shirts
• Avoid going out in peak sun hours from 12 p.m. to
  4 p.m.
• Staying indoors if you are infected to UV rays

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