When to Vaccinate And Composition of Vaccine - Dr Sheetu Singh ILD Head in RHL

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When to vaccinate?
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Indications of vaccination

• all children aged 6 through 59 months
• all persons aged 50 years
• adults and children who have chronic pulmonary
  (including asthma) or cardiovascular (except
  isolated hypertension), renal, hepatic,
  neurologic, hematologic, or metabolic disorders
  (including diabetes mellitus)
• persons who have immunosuppression (including
  immunosuppression caused by medications or by HIV
  infection)
• women who are or will be pregnant during the
  influenza season
• children and adolescents (aged 6 months18 years)
  who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy and
  who might be at risk for experiencing Reye
  syndrome after influenza virus infection
• residents of nursing homes and other long-term
  care facilities
• persons who are extremely obese (BMI 40).

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Influenza Vaccines
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Basic concept of influenza vaccination
The immune system will react by activation of
B-cells to produce anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies
Vaccine containing viral hemagglutinin and
neuraminidase are administered to a subject
Vaccination Cornerstone of flu prevention
Vaccination
Vaccine leaves the body protected as if it had
experienced a disease
These antibodies will provide protection against
viruses which will try to invade the body
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Composition of influenza vaccine

• Trivalent vaccine contains three influenza viral
  strains
• Influenza A
• Influenza A
• Influenza B
• WHO determines yearly which strains should be
  included in the influenza vaccine

http//www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en
/
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How are influenza vaccines formulated?
2. National Influenza Centres (138 national
laboratories in over 108 countries) gather
influenza isolates from sentinel doctorsand
routine samples
1. Sentinel doctors and other healthcare
providers collect samples from patients with
suspected influenza
3. Collaborating Reference Centres (London,
Atlanta, Tokyo, Beijing, Memphis, and Melbourne)
type and subtype the influenza isolates from the
National Influenza Centres .
5. Vaccine manufacturers produce vaccine-
containing influenza strains recommendedby the
WHO
4. The WHO recommends the 3 influenza strains
that should be in the vaccines
Source http//www.who.int/influenza/en/ as
accessed on 16th Nov 2015, 314pm