Analog Computer: Definition, Examples, Types, Characteristics, and Advantages!!

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Analog Computer
Analog computer is special type of computer,
where to use data in continuously form, not
discrete, and changeable continues stream of data
is known as Analog Data. Analog computers can
store analog data in the continuous physical
quantities likes as electrical potential, fluid
pressure, or mechanical motion, and finally it
produces the result with using of measures.
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Types of Analog Computers
Slide Rules Slide Rule is very simplest types of
analog computer, and this computer helps to
produce approximate result for simple
mathematical operations. All users slide the
hashed rod to line up along with several marking
in the other rod, and it help to read this
equipment depend on line up of different kinds of
hash marks. Differential Analysers Differential
Analysers computers were designed to solve for
all differential equations. These computers had
large size to modern computers, because today
those computers fill space like as PC. Castle
Clock Castle Clock has better representation of
several uses to mechanical analog computers.
Castle Clock analog Computer was developed by
Al-Jarazi. This computer was able to store
different programming commands. Castle Clock
computers height was 11 foot, and it takes round
of moon and sun. The computational part of this
computer permitted users to set veriable length
of the day depends on the running season.
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Types of Analog Computers
Mechanical Analog Computers Mechanical analog
computer is designed along with different
components such as gears and lever, in which not
use electronic parts. It produces output while
turning of gears, and it can perform
multiplication and division operations. Examples
are Cosmic Engine, Pascaline, Stepped Reckoner
etc. Pneumatic Analog Computer These computers
use the compressed air in the form of power
source that is very simple and inherently analog,
and these computers mostly used in the
nonresidential building areas. Hydraulic Analog
Computer First, hydraulic analog computer was
developed by Mihailo Petrovic Alas in 1868-1943.
Firstly, main objective of designing of this
computer is to solve the differential equations.
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Analog Computer Function
Analog computer works on the supply
of regularly flowing of electrical pulses, and
show output continuously. For example Side rule
and speedometer of an automobile, they are
displaying their results in real-time. But this
device has less memory unit, so they are only
capable to perform few types of calculations.
Analog computer is different to hybrid computer,
but it also is very useful machine to solve the
differential equations. The accuracy of result
those machines are low but they are faster in
speed to digital computers, and they are capable
to compute all instructions in parallel form.
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Components of Analog Computer

• Precision resistors and capacitors
• Operational amplifiers
• Multipliers
• Potentiometers
• Fixed-function generators

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Examples of Analog Computer

• Hybrid Controller
• Simulation of a Spaceship
• Mass-Spring-Damper System
• Simulation of Car-Suspendion System
• Simulation of a Moon-Landing
• Squash Simulation
• Longitudinal Aircraft Simulation
• Lorenz Attractor
• Joukowski Airfoil
• Rendezvous Simulation

• Telephone lines
• Resistance of Capacitor
• Frequency of Signal and Voltage
• Astrolabe
• Oscilloscope
• Television
• Analog Sound Processor
• Toilet Flush Mechanism
• Delter
• Kerisson predictor
• Operational Amplifiers

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Characteristics of Analog Computer

• Real time operations- several signal values can
  be manipulated concurrently.
• No need the transducers to transform input/output
  to digital electronic form.
• Programmers can analysis the problems in
  real-time and fix them.
• Less consumption of bandwidth.
• It has more speed to produce result.
• More accurately
• All data is represented in continuously flow
  along with large range of machine.

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Disadvantages of Analog Computer

• Computations operations have various limitations
  to dynamic range like as not more about 125 dB.
• The size of generated results can be taken
  inordinate amount of setup time frame.
• More power consumption.
• Its result is displayed only in real time, so
  less probability to store its result for future
  uses.
• All elements of problems work on the large
  different time scales, so its difficult to deal
  along with accurately values.
• Signal conversions rate is higher, which are
  displayed inside.

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Analog Computer Vs Digital Computer

• Analog Computer

• Digital Computer

• Its measurement unit is physical values like as
  temperature and pressure.
• Its signals type is electromagnetic wave.
• Transmission of analog signal works as without
  its content.
• It does not contain its memory unit and computing
  terminals.
• No having input/output devices

• It transform all data into binary form (0 and 1),
  and then it executes all operations on them.
• Its signals type is sequence of voltage pulses.
• Its transmission is done with content of signal.
• It contains memory unit for storing result.
• Having input/output devices

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