Title: Envisioning the Dual Repercussions of FDA’s Accelerated Approval Pathway
1- Envisioning the Dual Repercussions of FDAs
Accelerated Approval Pathway - Clinical trials are comprehensive research
studies conducted to ensure that recently
developed medical interventions, including novel
drugs, surgical other devices, and treatments/
therapies, are safe and effective for human use
before commercialization. These trials provide
evidence for regulatory bodies like the US Food
and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines
Agency (EMA), Health Canada, UKs Medicines and
Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, and
Chinas National Medical Products Administration
(NMPA) to ensure that a specific medical
intervention is safe for the public use, begets
limited adverse effects, and meets quality
standards. However, it takes 10 to 15 years or
even more to complete all three clinical trial
phases before reaching the licensing stage.
Thus, FDA introduced accelerated or expedite
approvals to pace up the approval of drugs that
treat severe conditions and address unmet medical
needs. - Before proceeding with the pros and cons of the
FDAs expedited program, lets first understand
the full-fledged approval process set by various
regulatory agencies to launch any novel medical
interventions in the market after comprehensive
analysis. - Pre-Approval the regulatory agencies set
specific guidelines around study design,
volunteer selection, monitoring procedures,
informed consent, and data collection, which
pharmaceutical industries must adhere to when
conducting clinical trials. - Investigational New Drug (IND) Application
Drugmakers/ sponsors are obliged to submit an
IND application to the regulatory body before
initiating a clinical trial. This application
comprises justification, proposed study design,
safety data from pre-clinical studies, and a
feasible approach to monitor volunteers during
the trial. - Review Process The regulatory agency thoroughly
reviews the statistical data, data quality,
results of all phases of pre-clinical and
clinical trials, and potential benefits risks
associated with the particular intervention. - Post-Approval Even after granting approval for
marketing and commercializing medical
interventions, the regulatory body continues to
monitor the safety and efficacy of approved
products through post-marketing surveillance and
requires periodic reporting of adverse events. - Need for introducing USFDA Accelerated Approval
Program - The US FDAs Accelerated Approval Program (AAP)
aims to expedite the development and enable
faster access to new therapies that address an
unmet need in treating severe - ailments. This program is mainly introduced to
promote the treatment of chronic diseases, where
the course of the condition is extended, and
determining the clinical endpoint would take
considerable time. The primary objective behind
introducing a priority review of - specific drugs for accelerated approval is to
launch the drugs earlier in the market. To
justify, in the case of chronic diseases like
HIV and cancer, thoroughly understanding the
effect of medications with precision can take a
long time, which results in delayed drug approval.
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