Language and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

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Language and Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)

• NAP 19/9/2005
• Ph.D Esther Parigger
• Supervisors Anne Baker and Jan de Jong

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Overview

• ADHD prevalence and diagnosis
• Research project
• Literature review
• Preliminary investigation
• Main study

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ADHD prevalence

• ADHD is diagnosed in 2-6 of the Dutch children
• ADHD is more prevalent in boys than in girls
• Comorbid disorders
• (Gezondheidsraad 2000, Jensen 1997, Love e.a.,
  1988, Blankenstijn e.a., 2003)

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ADHD diagnosis 1

• Symptoms
• Inattention (9x)
• f.e. Often does not give close attention to
  details or makes careless mistakes in
  schoolwork, work, or other activities.
• Hyperactivity (6x) and/or Impulsitivity (3x)
• f.e.Often fidgets with hands or feet or
  squirms in seat.
• f.e.Often blurts out answers before questions
  are finished.
• (DSM-IV TR APA, 2000)

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ADHD diagnosis 2

• 1 Symptoms
• Inattentive subtype
• Hyperactive/Impulsive subtype
• Combined subtype
• 2 Present before seven years of age
• 3 Occuring in two or more settings
• 4 Clear evidence of significant impairment
• 5 Not accounted for by another disorder
• (DSM-IV TR APA, 2000)

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Research project

• Title
• Language problems in children with Attention
  Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) a specific
  profile?
• Period
• September 2004 - September 2009

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Research project Literature review 1

• Subtle problems in language comprehension
• More robust problems in language production
• Most problems in pragmatics
• Also some problems in syntax
• (Parigger Baker 2005)

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Research project Literature review 2

• Executive Functioning Theory
• Executive functioning theory predicts that the
  faculty of f.e. response inhibition are relevant
  in cognitive tasks, including language
  acquisition.
• Executive dysfunctioning may account for both
  the core behavioral problems and the pragmatic
  language problems commonly observed in ADHD.
• (Tannock 1996 ibid 1998)

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Research project Preliminary investigation 1

• Groups
• ADHD groups (n34)
• Age 70-76/ 80-86/ 90-96
• Typically developing control groups (n34)
• Age 70-76/ 80-86/ 90-96
• (v/d Meulen 2001, Roelofs 1998, Aarssen 1996)

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Research project Preliminary investigation 2

• Data
• FROG-story
• ?procedure
• ?transcription with CHAT
• Cover FROG-story
• Example transcription TIM d'r zit al een
  kikker in de kom (01-01).
• (Tim 70.21) TIM en ze zitten allebei te
  kijken (01-02).
• gpx kind kijkt onderzoeker aan
• TIM en ltuhgt het is al nacht (01-03).
• (Mayer 1969, McWhinney 2000)

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Research project Preliminary investigation 3

• Analysis
• Analysis with CLAN
• ?general production measures
• ?plot components
• ?dysfluencies
• ?ungrammaticality in morphology and syntax
• ?cohesion
• (Blankenstijn e.a. 2003, Roelofs 1998, v/d Dungen
  en Verbeek 1999)

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Research project Preliminary investigation 4a

• General production measures
• Number of
• ?free utterances
• ?words
• ?non-analyzable free utterances
• ?utterances not concerning the story
• MLU in words Examples (Tim 70.21, Niels
  70.9)
• MLUL in words TIM ze riepen naar de xxx
• NIE ik begin achter
• (Blankenstijn e.a. 2003, Roelofs 1998)

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Research project Preliminary investigation 4b

• Plot components
• Percentage of utterances related to the plotline
• Percentage of verbalized plot components
• Example (Jas 70.19)
• JAS roepen ze de kikker

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Research project Preliminary investigation 4c

• Dysfluencies
• Percentage of dysfluencies
• Example (Ste 108.0)
• STE het jongetje en zijn hond en het kikkertje
  ltdie wagt die keken naar elkaar
• Length of dysfluencies
• Kind of dysfluencies
• Position of dysfluencies

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Research project Preliminary investigation 4d

• Ungrammaticality in morphology and syntax
• Cohesion

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Research project Main study 1

• Language in ADHD
• Based on literature review and preliminary
  investigation
• ?Pragmatics and syntax
• ?Narrative task and standard test data
• Cognition in ADHD
• Relationship language and cognition in ADHD

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Research project Main study 2

• Comparison
• Profile children with ADHD
• Profile children with Specific Language
  Impairment
• Profile children with Down Syndrome
• Profile children with a normal development

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Questions?

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Language and Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)

• Thanks!
• Do you have more questions?
• E e.m.parigger_at_uva.nl
• W http//home.medewerker.uva.nl/ e.m.parigger

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Extra Research project Preliminary
investigation 4d

• Ungrammaticality in morphology and syntax
• Percentage of ungrammatical utterances
• Percentage of ungrammatical utterances 1
  error
• Percentage of ungrammatical utterances 2
  errors
• Examples (Ste 108.0)
• STE het jongetje roepte en roepte
• STE gingen achter de hond aanzitten

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ExtraResearch project Preliminary
investigation 4e

• Cohesion
• Percentage inadequate animate references
• Percentage of coordinate/subordinate
  conjunctions
• work in progress
• Examples (Thi 76.7, Ste 108.0)
• THI ze hebben een kikker gevangen
• STE maar hij had niks ltstugt stuk