Report from ICFA Digital Divide Workshop Daegu, Korea, May 23-27

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Report from ICFA Digital Divide WorkshopDaegu,
Korea, May 23-27 05
ICFAInternational Committee on Future
Accelerators Sponsored by the Particles and
Fields Commission of IUPAP

• Les Cottrell,
• Presented at the Internet2 Fall members Meeting,
  SIG on Supporting International Collaborations in
  Hard to Network Parts of the World
• Philadelphia, Sep 2005
• www.slac.stanford.edu/grp/scs/net/talk05/i2-icfa-s
  ep05.ppt

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SCIC

• Standing Committee on Inter-regional Connectivity
  (SCIC)
• Charge
• Make recommendations to ICFA concerning the
  connectivity between America, Asia and Europe. As
  part of the process of developing these
  recommendations, the committee should monitor
  traffic, keep track of technology developments,
  periodically review forecasts of future bandwidth
  needs, and provide early warning of potential
  problems.

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Progress in Closing the Digital Divide

• We Must Work to Close to Digital Divide, from
  Several Perspectives
• To Allow Scientists in All World Regions to Take
  Part in Discoveries to Foster Research and
  Education
• Removing Regional, Last Mile, Local Bottlenecks
  and Compromises in Network Quality are On
  the Critical Path
• Dark Fiber and community owned/operated
  networks emerging as the means to rapid progress
  in a growing list of nations
• us, ca, nl, jp, kr pl, cz, br, sk, cn, pt,
  ie, gr, Also GEANT2
• Important Examples on the Road to Closing the
  Digital Divide
• GLORIAD (US-Russia-China-Korea) Global Optical
  Ring
• IEEAF Global Quilt Ed Fantegrossi, Don Riley
  NSF IRNC and New Initiative on Africa
• CHEPREO, WHREN, ANSP and the Brazil HEPGrid in
  Latin America
• Leadership Outreach HEP Groups in US, EU,
  Japan, Korea

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GLORIAD NetworkDate 3/1/2007
Seattle-Chicago-NYC, 10 Gbps (CANARIE
Contribution)
Amsterdam-Moscow, 10 Gbps
Seattle-Hong Kong, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract)
Beijing-Khabarovsk (Russia)-Novosibirsk, 10 Gbps
NYC-Amsterdam, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract)
Seattle-Pusan-Hong Kong, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract)
Moscow-Novosibirsk, 10 Gbps
Hong Kong-Beijing, 10 Gbps
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Closing the Digital Divide RE Networks in/to
Latin America
PacificWave
AtlanticWave

• RNP2 and the GIGA Project (ANSP)
• AmPath 45 Mbps Links to US (2002-5)
• CHEPREO (NSF, from 2004) 622 Mbps Sao Paulo
  Miami
• WHREN/LILA (NSF, from 2005)
• 0.6 to 2.5 G Ring by 2006
• Connections to Pacific Atlantic Wave
• RedCLARA (EU) Connects 18 Latin Am. NRENs,
  Cuba 622 Mbps Link to Europe

To GEANT

622 Mbps
Sao PauloANSP
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Porta Optica a coordinated task to Heal the
Digital Divide to the East ...

• CE countries CBDF links
• to EE neighbours
• - Poland DF connectivity
• to every eastern
• neighbour
• - Scandinavia the northern
• route
• - GRNET activity in the
• Balkan region (SEEREN/
• SEEFIRE) the south
• route
• GEANT/TERENA political
• organisational support
• all influencing the EE
• countries wrt. DF acq., importance of DF
  infrastructure business models

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TEIN2 Project
Managed by DANTE
An initiative of the European Commission with the
stated objective of improving connectivity in
certain developing countries of the Asia Pacific
region

• Partners
• China (CERNET)
• Indonesia (ITB)
• Malaysia (MDC)
• Philippines (ASTI)
• Thailand (ThaiREN)
• Vietnam (MOST)

• Korea (KISDI)
• Singapore (SingAREN)
• Australia (AARNet)
• France (RENATER)
• Netherlands (SURFnet)
• UK (UKERNA)

• Contracts Q2/3, operational Q4 2005 (to end
  2007)
• Exploring collaborations with existing and
  planned initiatives

G. McLaughlin
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G. McLaughlin
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Philippines PREGINet Network Map No. of Partner
Institutions as of March 31, 2005
Academe 34 Government 33
Research 27 TOTAL
96
2 Mbps Backbone
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Satellites vs Terrestrial

• Terrestrial links via SAT3 SEAMEW
  (Mediterranean)
• Terrestrial not available to all within countries

PingER min-RTT measurements from S. African TENET
monitoring station
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S Africa Connectivity

• Connections are often indirect
• Costly, wastes Intl bw

Mike Jensen
PingER
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Maroc Wide Area Network MARWAN 2
Abdeslam Hoummada
Network at 34 Mbps for Research and high education
45 Mbps
Algeria tunisia connected to Geant - 45 Mbs
Rabat
Casablanca
80 universities connect Typically 2Mbps
connection Monopoly carrier
34 Mbps
2 Mbps
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PERN Network Architecture
International 2MB
33 Mbps
Lahore Core ATM/Router
12 Universities
Replica of Kr./Iba
International 2MB
International 4MB
57 Mbps
65 Mbps
2x2Mbps
2x2Mbps
Islamabad Core ATM/Router
Karachi Core ATM/Router
22 Universities
23 Universities
2x2Mbps
LAN Switch
University
Customer
LAN Switch
Access Router
Access Router
DRS
DRS
DRS
DRS
OF Node
OFS
DXX
DXX
DXX
DXX
OFS
OFS
University
University
University
University

• HEC will invest 4M in Backbone
• 3 To 9 Points-of-Presence (Core Nodes)
• 2.4M from HEC to Public Universities for Last
  Mile Costs
• Possible Dark Fiber Initiative

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Pakistan performance

• Typically once a month losses go to 20

Loss
RTT ms
Feb05
Another fiber outage, this time of 3 hours! Power
cable dug up by excavators of Karachi Water
Sewage Board
Jul05
Fiber cut off Karachi causes 12 day outage
Jun-Jul 05, Huge losses of confidence and
business

• Infrastructure appears fragile
• Losses to QEA NIIT are 3-8 averaged over month

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Worldwide view

• Developed regions improving by factor 10 in lt 6
  years
• Developing regions such as India and Africa are
  5-10 years behind
• May not be catching up.

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Derived Throughput (kbps) Between Monitoring
Countries and Remote Regions,Aug 05
Monitoring Country
Remote Region
Good gt 1000 kbps Acceptable 500
to 1000 kbpsPoor 200-500 kbps Very
Poor lt 200 kbps
Intra-developed regions (blue) much
Improved.Inter-Regional Connectivity (outside
developed world) still Poor to Very Poor. Latin
America improving, most of Asia poor, Africa
Still Very Poor (lt US home) far Behind
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We Need to Work on the Digital Dividefrom
Several Perspectives

• Workshops and Tutorials/Training Sessions
• For Example ICFA DD Workshops Rio 2/04, Daegu
  May 2005,HONET (Pakistan) 12/04
• Share Information Monitoring, BW Progress
  Dark Fiber Projects Pricing
• Model Cases Poland, Slovakia, Czech Rep., China,
  Brazil,
• Encourage, and Work on Inter-Regional Projects
• GLORIAD, Russia-China-Korea US Optical Ring
• Latin America CHEPREO/WHREN (US-Brazil)
  RedCLARA
• Asia Pacific TEIN2
• Help with Modernizing the Infrastructure
• Design, Commissioning, Development
• Provide Tools for Effective Use Monitoring,
  CollaborationSystems Advanced TCP Stacks, Grid
  System Software
• Work on Policies and/or Pricing pk, br, cn, SE
  Europe, in,
• Encourage Access to Dark Fiber
• Raise World Awareness of Problems,
  Opportunities for Solutions
• Increased Engagement with Government
  Representatives and Agencies

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ICFA SCIC Digital Divide Workshops

• Now a Tradition
• Daegu May 2005 Excellent occasion to focus on
  the Asia Pacific
• A View of Progress and Remaining Issues
• Bring target areas where progress can be made
  next into focus
• E.g. Russia, Pakistan, India, North-South
  Connections in the Asia Pacific
• Next Meeting
• Choice of a Key Location Russia, Poland, Romania
  have been discussed expressions of interest
  welcome.
• Greater participation from government
  representatives

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More Information

• Meeting agenda and links to presentations
• http//agenda.cern.ch/fullAgenda.php?idaa053424

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Many systemic factorsElectricity, Import
duties,Skills
M. Jensen
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Average Cost 11/kbps/Month
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International National Backbones
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