Open Source tools for Knowledge Management Carlos Mndez

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Open Source tools for Knowledge ManagementCarlos
Méndez
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DOWNLOADS

• Powerpoint
• http//192.168.2.144/winterschool.ppt
• Federated Search Example
• http//192.168.2.144/winterschool.jar

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Knowledge Management

• Knowledge Management (KM) refers to a range of
  practices used by organisations to identify,
  create, represent, and distribute knowledge for
  reuse, awareness and learning across the
  organisation.
• Knowledge Management programs are typically tied
  to organisational objectives and are intended to
  lead to the achievement of specific outcomes such
  as shared intelligence, improved performance,
  competitive advantage, or higher levels of
  innovation.

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Explicit Knowledge

• Explicit knowledge is knowledge that has been or
  can be articulated, codified, and stored in
  certain media. The most common forms of explicit
  knowledge are manuals, documents, procedures, and
  stories. Knowledge also can be audio-visual.
  Works of art and product design can be seen as
  other forms of explicit knowledge where human
  skills, motives and knowledge are externalized

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Implicit Knowledge

• The knowledge that people carry in their heads.
  Compared with explicit knowledge, implicit
  knowledge is more difficult to articulate or
  write down and so it tends to be shared between
  people through discussion, stories and personal
  interactions. It includes skills, experiences,
  insight, intuition and judgement.
• There are authors that make a difference between
  Implicit Knowledge (a knowledge that through
  indirect mechanisms should be made explicit) and
  Tacit Knowledge (the one that resides in the head
  of the humans and that cannot be made explicit in
  anyway).
• Example of Tacit Knowledge. A expertise in a
  machine is able to locate a problem faster that a
  junior one even if they use the same procedures
  (if they have at their disposal the same explicit
  knowledge)

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Knowledge Management Tools

• There are commercial tools that are announced as
  Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) but they dont
  cover all the aspects of KM specially regarding
  implicit knowledge.
• The objective of this session is to explain the
  alternatives/extensions to this commercial tools
  using Open Source that combined can create a
  powerful taylor-made KMS

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Integration Methods

• Web Services
• Syndication Systems (RSS/Atom)
• Metadata Exchange Protocols
• Plug-ins
• HTTP Posting
• Coding, coding, coding... (standard or
  proprietary Languages)

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Explicit Knowledge (Social Bookmarking)

• del.icio.us (http//del.icio.us) NO OPENSOURE
• A non-hierarchical keyword categorization system
  (users can tag their bookmarks with a number of
  freely chosen keywords creating folksonomies).
• Integration
• Syndication (ex "http//del.icio.us/tag/wiki"
  returns all of the most recent links tagged
  "wiki in RSS format).
• Open Source API implementations available in
  several languages (Java, Phyton, PHP...)
• Open source plugins to access by browsers or
  desktop applications
• del.irio.us (http//de.lirio.us)
• An open source social bookmarking clone of
  del.icio.us. Now part of Simpy, a popular, and
  long-running, social bookmarking website.
• DEMO LIST of Bookmarks for Tencompetence
  http//de.lirio.us/tags/TenCompetence (Login ws
  Password ws)

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Explicit Knowledge (CMS) 1/2

• A CMS (Content Management System) facilitates the
  organization, control, and publication of a large
  body of documents and other content, such as
  images and multimedia resources.
• Integration RSS/Atom in most cases
• Open Source CMS
• Drupal http//drupal.org/
• Demo http//demo.opensourcecms.com/e107/e107_admin
  /admin.php
• User admin Password demo

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Explicit Knowledge (CMS) 2/2

• Alfresco (http//dev.alfresco.com) an Open
  Source ECM (Enterprise Content Management). It
  uses Java Spring, Hibernate, Lucene and JSF
• Knowledgetree (http//www.ktdms.com/) a powerful
  document management system made in Java and PHP
• Exponent http//www.exponentcms.org/
• Typo3 http//typo3.com
• Joomla http//www.joomla.org/
• Nucleus http//www.nucleuscms.org/
• List of CMS http//www.opensourcescripts.com/dir/C
  ontent_management_,040CMS,041/

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Explicit Knowledge (Blogs)

• Generates standards-compliant XML, XHTML, and
  CSS
• Integrated link management
• Search engine-friendly permalink structure
• Extensible plugin support
• Nested categories and multiple categories for
  articles
• TrackBack and Pingback
• Typographic filters for proper formatting and
  styling of text

• A blog is a user-generated website where entries
  are made in journal style and displayed in a
  reverse chronological order.
• WordPress http//wordpress.org/
• Written in PHP and backed by a MySQL database
• Feeded by eMail, RSS, etc.
• Access through RSS/Atom
• bBlog http//www.bblog.com/
• Supports ATOM 0.3 and RSS 2.0 Syndication formats
  
• Display RSS feeds on your blog

• Smarty based templates and plugins
• Threaded comments for enhanced discussion
• Threaded Trackback support
• Advanced typographic filters enable display of
  properly formatted and styled text.
• Integrated blogroll
• Advanced search

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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 1/3

• Wikis a website that allows visitors to easily
  add, remove, edit and change available content,
  and typically without the need for registration.
  This ease of interaction and operation makes a
  wiki an effective tool for mass collaborative
  authoring.
• MediaWiki (http//www.mediawiki.org/)
  http//www.mediawiki.org/
• Wikipedia http//wikipedia.org/
• WikiQuote http//wikiquote.org/
• WikiBooks http//wikibooks.org/
• List of Wiki Engines http//c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiEn
  gines

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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 2/3

• Forum a facility for holding discussions and
  posting user generated content. A forum is
  essentially a website composed of a number of
  member-written threads that entails a discussion
  or conversation in the form of a series of
  member-written posts.
• PHBB http//www.phpbb.com/
• A popular internet forum package written in the
  PHP programming language.
• Comparison of Internet Forum Storage
  http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Interne
  t_forum_software

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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 3/3

• Collaborative Real-Time Editors a software
  application that allows several people to edit a
  computer file using different computers
• Google Docs (Not OpenSource) http//docs.google.co
  m/
• Gobby http//darcs.0x539.de/trac/obby/cgi-bin/trac
  .cgi
• OpenEffort http//www.openeffort.com/
• List of Real Time Editors http//en.wikipedia.org/
  wiki/Collaborative_real-time_editor

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Explicit Knowledge (Repositories)

• A repository is a central place where data is
  stored and maintained by an organisation
• Access to information is possible though several
  mechanisms as
• Metadata Exchange Protocols (OAI, Z93.50)
• Query Languages (SQI)
• Web Services
• Syndication (RSS/Atom)

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Explicit Knowledge (Federated Search) 1/3

• Several Repostories can be linked together in a
  federation making possible to launch searches in
  all of them (federated searches)
• In a federation the repositories must follow
  certain specifications regarding query language,
  results format, session management, etc.

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Explicit Knowledge (Federated Search) 2/3
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EXAMPLE OF FEDERATED SEARCH

• Federated search of images and videos in Flickr
  and YouTube using vSQL (users queries), SQI
  (repositories query), LOM (result format)

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Explicit Knowledge (Federated Search) 3/3

• SQI Simple Query Interface adopted by ARIADNE
  among others with the final aim of extending its
  repositories to create a global Learning Network
  of learning object repositories
• SILO implements the ARIADNEs federated search
• http//ariadne.cs.kuleuven.be/silo2006/NewFederate
  dQuery.do
• SQI Repositories http//ariadne.cs.kuleuven.be/Sqi
  Interop/free/SQIImplementationsRegistry.jsp

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Explicit Knowledge (Searchers)

• Open source search engines
• DataparkSearch
• Egothor
• Gonzui
• Ht//dig
• Lucene
• mnoGoSearch
• Namazu
• Nutch
• OpenFTS
• Swish-e
• Wikiasari
• Xapian
• YaCy
• Zettair

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Explicit Knowledge (P2P Networks) 1/2

• A Peer-To-Peer computer network relies primarily
  on the computing power and bandwidth of the
  participants in the network rather than
  concentrating it in a relatively low number of
  servers.
• P2P networks are typically used for connecting
  nodes via largely ad hoc connections. Such
  networks are commonly used for sharing contents
  but can be also used for transmit realtime data,
  such as telephony traffic

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Explicit Knowledge (P2P Networks) 2/2
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Implicit Knowledge (Virtual Communities)

• Virtual communities form "when people carry on
  public discussions long enough, with sufficient
  human feeling, to form webs of personal
  relationships"
• A virtual community or online community can be
  used loosely for a variety of social groups
  interacting via the Internet. It does not
  necessarily mean that there is a strong bond
  among the members
• It is supported by a variety set of communication
  tools as forums, chats or CMS
• Interactions within the communities allows
  organisations to make explicit some implicit
  knowledge as
• Discover experts as the people that becames a
  reference in the community
• Qualify contents through Rating/Voting processes
• Define Ontologies through the tagging of contents
  by the members of the community (folksonomies)

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Implicit Knowledge (Tagging/Voting)

• Digg http//www.digg.com is a community-based
  popularity website with an emphasis on technology
  and science articles. It combines social
  bookmarking, blogging, and syndication with a
  form of non-hierarchical, democratic editorial
  control. News stories and websites are submitted
  by users, and then promoted to the front page
  through a user-based ranking system. This differs
  from the hierarchical editorial system that many
  other news sites employ.
• Meneame http//meneame.net
• Open Source Clone of Digg
• http//svn.meneame.net/index.cgi/branches/version2
  /
• DEMO http//meneame.net/?category1

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Implicit Knowledge (Social Networks)

• A social network is a social structure made of
  nodes which are generally individuals or
  organizations. It indicates the ways in which
  they are connected through various social
  familiarities ranging from casual acquaintance to
  close familial bonds.

Social Networks make explicit the implicit
relations among the people.
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Implicit Knowledge (Social Networks)

List of social networks http//en.wikipedia.org/w
iki/List_of_social_networking_websites
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Implicit Knowledge (Knowledge Map)

• Taxonomy the practice and science of
  classification.
• Folksonomy An Internet-based information
  retrieval methodology consisting of
  collaboratively generated, open-ended labels that
  categorize content such as Web pages, online
  photographs, and Web links. A folksonomy is most
  notably contrasted from a taxonomy in that the
  authors of the labeling system are often the main
  users (and sometimes originators) of the content
  to which the labels are applied. The labels are
  commonly known as tags and the labeling process
  is called tagging.
• Ontology It seeks to describe or posit the basic
  categories and relationships of being or
  existence to define entities and types of
  entities within its framework.
• KNOWLEDGE MAP Taxonomy where the knowledge of a
  certain community are clasiffied .

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Implicit Knowledge (LSA/LSI)

• LSA is an algorithm that makes automatic the
  process of creating ontologies from specific
  contents to, for example, allow them to be
  classified in a taxonomy (or in the knowledge map
  of an organisation).
• Latent Semantic Analysis http//lsa.colorado.edu/
  LSA uses a term-document matrix which describes
  the occurrences of terms in documents. Your
  original matrix gives the relationship between
  terms and documents. Latent semantic analysis
  transforms this into a relationship between the
  terms and concepts, and a relation between the
  documents and the same concepts. The terms and
  documents are now indirectly related through the
  concepts.
• The Semantic Indexing Project http//knowledgesear
  ch.org/
• Open source program for latent semantic indexing

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Implicit Knowledge (Best Practices)

• Best Practice is a management idea which asserts
  that there is a technique, method, process,
  activity, incentive or reward that is more
  effective at delivering a particular outcome than
  any other technique, method, process, etc. The
  idea is that with proper processes, checks, and
  testing, a project can be rolled out and
  completed with fewer problems and unforeseen
  complications.

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COMMUNICATION TOOLS

• Asynchronous
• eMail
• Annotation (Warichu) http//www.warichu.com/
• Warichu (formerly diginote.info) is a
  communication tool that sits on top of the web
  and allows everyone to discuss the webs content.
• Open API
• Extensions for IE and Firefox
• Synchronous
• Instant Messaging
• Jabber (XMPP) Jabber is an open system primarily
  built to provide instant messaging service and
  presence information (aka buddy lists). The
  protocol is built to be extensible and other
  features such as Voice over IP and file transfers
  have been added.
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instant
  _messaging_clients
• AudioConference
• Asterisk http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterisk_PBX
  
• OpenWengo http//dev.openwengo.com/trac/openwengo/
  trac.cgi/
• Chat
• IRC http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Int
  ernet_Relay_Chat_clients
• VideoConference
• Egika/GnomeMeeting http//www.ekiga.org/

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Knowledge Management Suites

• Egroupware www.egroupware.org
• Demo for Winter School http//192.168.2.144/egroup
  ware
• User ws Password ws
• Moodle www.moodle.org

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eGroupware

• eGroupWare (www.egroupware.org) is a free
  enterprise ready groupware software for your
  network. It enables you to manage contacts,
  appointments, todos and many more for your whole
  business. eGroupWare is a groupware server.
  It comes with a native web-interface which
  allowes to access your data from any platform all
  over the planet. Moreover you also have the
  choice to access the eGroupWare server with your
  favorite groupware client (Kontact, Evolution,
  Outlook) and also with your mobile or PDA via
  SyncML. eGroupWare is international. At the
  time, it supports more than 25 languages
  including rtl support. eGroupWare is
  platform independent. The server runs on Linux,
  Mac, Windows and many more other operating
  systems. On the client side, all you need is a
  internetbrowser such as Firefox, Konqueror,
  Internet Explorer and many more.
• http//demo.egroupware.org/currentversion/login.ph
  p

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MOODLE

• Moodle (www.moodle.org) is a free software/open
  source e-learning platform (also known as a
  Course Management System (CMS) or Virtual
  Learning Environment (VLE). Moodle is designed
  to help educators create online courses with
  opportunities for rich interaction. Its open
  source license and modular design means that many
  people can develop additional functionality, and
  development is undertaken by a globally diffuse
  network of commercial and non-commercial users.

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Open Source Tools for Knowledge Management