Substance Use Disorders

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Substance Use Disorders

• OPIATES

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What are Opiates?

• Opiates are powerful drugs derived from the poppy
  plant.
• They include opium, heroin, morphine, codeine.
• Opiates are still the most effective pain
  relievers available to physicians for treating
  pain.
• When used as directed by a physician, opiates are
  safe and generally do not produce addiction.

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How Do Opiates Work?

• Activate Opiate Receptors in the brain
• Effects are usually pleasure and pain relief
• Opiates also act directly on the respiratory
  center in the brainstem, where they cause a
  slowdown in activity.

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BIG H
SMACK

• HEROIN

SKAG
JUNK
DOPE
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Heroin Paraphernalia
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HOW IS HEROIN USED abused

• Heroin can be used in a variety of ways,
  depending on user preference and the purity of
  the drug.

Heroin can be injected into a vein "mainlining
injected into a muscle, smoked in a water pipe or
standard pipe, mixed in a marijuana joint or
regular cigarette, inhaled as smoke through a
straw, known as "chasing the dragon," or snorted
as powder via the nose.
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Heroine Health Hazards

• Heroin abuse is associated with serious health
  conditions, including fatal overdose, spontaneous
  abortion, collapsed veins, and, particularly in
  users who inject the drug, infectious diseases,
  including HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.
• Because of its chemical structure it penetrates
  the brain more quickly than other opiates

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Health Hazards Continued

• The short-term effects of heroin abuse After an
  injection of heroin, the user reports feeling a
  surge of euphoria ("rush") accompanied by a warm
  flushing of the skin, a dry mouth, and heavy
  extremities.
• Following this initial euphoria, the user goes
  "on the nod," an alternately wakeful and drowsy
  state. Mental functioning becomes clouded due to
  the depression of the central nervous system.
• Long-term effects of heroin appear after
  repeated use.
• Chronic users may develop collapsed veins,
  infection of the heart lining and valves,
  abscesses, boils, cellulitis, liver disease .and
  pulmonary complications.

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Health Hazards Continued

• In addition to the effects of the drug itself,
  street heroin may have additives that do not
  readily dissolve and result in clogging the blood
  vessels that lead to the lungs, liver, kidneys,
  or brain. This can cause infection or even death
  of small patches of cells in vital
  organs.blood-borne bacterial infections, kidney
  disease, liver disease, lung infections
• track marks (scarred, collapsed veins due to
  needle use), tuberculosis.

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CHEESE

• "Cheese heroin" is a highly addictive, cheap
  drug. It is a blend of "Mexican black tar heroin"
  and over-the-counter medications that contain
  antihistamines found in products similar to
  Tylenol PM.
• "Cheese Heroin" is very cheap, and is marketed to
  teens in middle school. Prices are as low as 2 a
  hit, and 10 a gram. It causes drowsiness,
  lethargy, euphoria, disorientation and excessive
  thirst. "Cheese" can be snorted through a straw.
• When middle school students were asked if they
  knew a "cheese" dealer, almost all of them raised
  their hands. They also cheered at the mention
  that the US has the highest rate of drug users in
  the world. It is speculated that "cheese" is as
  common as pot.