XSLT

1
XSLT

• Part 2

2
Catalog.xml

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltcataloggt
• ltbookgt
• lttitle
• language"English"gtFun With XMLlt/titlegt
• ltauthorgtJohn Robotlt/authorgt
• ltisbngt12367lt/isbngt
• ltpricegt70lt/pricegt
• lt/bookgt
• ltbookgt
• lttitle
• language"English"gtXml and Javalt/titlegt
• ltauthorgtMary Joneslt/authorgt

3
Applying Template Rules

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltPgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/Pgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

Two template rules
4
XSL Templates

• Template rules are defined by xsltemplate
  elements.
• These associate particular output with particular
  input.
• Each xsltemplate element has a match attribute
  that specifies which nodes of the input document
  the template is instantiated for.
• The content of the xsltemplate element is the
  actual template to be instantiated.
• A template may contain both text that will appear
  literally in the output document and XSLT
  instructions that copy data from the input XML
  document to the result.

5
Example

• A template rule applied to the root node
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt ltheadgt lt/headgt ltbodygt lt/bodygt lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt

This text is output in the root node
6
Recursively processing the children of the root

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltbodygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/bodygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• A Book
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

Matches the root node
The child nodes of the root node are processed
7

• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltbodygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/bodygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• A Book ltxslapply-templates select"title"
  /gtltbr/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

To choose a specific set of children
8
Computing the value of a node with xslvalue-of

• The xslvalue-of element computes the value of
  something (most of the time, though not always,
  something in the input document) and copies it
  into the output document.
• The select attribute of the xslvalue-of element
  specifies exactly which something's value is
  being computed.
• The value of a node is always a string, possibly
  an empty string.
• The value of an element node is concatenation of
  all the character data between the element's
  start tag and end tag.

9
Example

• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltbodygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/bodygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltbr/gtTitle ltxslvalue-of select"title"/gt
• ltbr/gtAuthor ltxslvalue-of select"author"/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt

10

• Output
• Title Fun With XMLAuthor John Robot Title
  Xml and JavaAuthor Mary Jones Title Speaking
  in SpanishAuthor Michael Herrara Title
  Adventures Of Freddie FrogAuthor Susan Kidder

11
Xslfor-each

• lt Xslfor-eachgt instruction selects a set of
  nodes using an XPath expression and performs the
  same processing for each node in the set.

12
Processing multiple elements with xslfor-each -
Example

• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltbodygt
• lttable width"100" border"2"gt
• lttrgt
• ltthgtTitlelt/thgt
• ltthgtAuthorlt/thgt
• ltthgtISBNlt/thgt
• ltthgtPricelt/thgt
• lt/trgt
• ltxslfor-each select"book"gt
• lttrgt
• lttdgtltxslvalue-of select"title"/gtlt/tdgt
• lttdgtltxslvalue-of select"author"/gtlt/tdgt

13
Apply-templates vs for-each

• lt Xslapply-templatesgt is a rule-based pattern
  and is most useful when processing an element
  that may contain children of different types in
  an unpredictable sequence.
• This approach works well when the document itself
  evolves over time. This style of processing is
  sometimes called push processing.
• ltxslfor-eachgt When the structure is more
  regular and predictable, it is simpler to
  navigate around the document using xslfor-each.
  The required data is accessed directly using
  xslvalue-of. This is sometimes called pull
  processing.

14
Making choices

• lt!-- Selection --gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltbodygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/bodygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltxslchoosegt
• ltxslwhen test"./title/_at_language 'English'"gt
• ltpgtltxslvalue-of select"title"/gt -Paperback
  available lt/pgt
• lt/xslwhengt
• lt/xslchoosegt
• lt/xsltemplategt

15
Patterns for matching nodes

• Using a single template to apply to more than one
  element Use the asterisk wildcard () in place
  of an element name in the match attribute.
• For example, the template below says that all
  elements should be wrapped in a P element
• ltxsltemplate match""gt
• ltPgt ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt lt/Pgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• In the event that two rules both match a single
  node, then by default the more specific one takes
  precedence.

16
Patterns for matching nodes

• Matching children with /
• You can use the / symbol to match specified
  hierarchies of elements. Used alone, the / symbol
  refers to the root node. However, you can use it
  between two names to indicate that the second is
  the child of the first. For example, book/title
  refers to title element that are children of book
  elements.
• Example
• ltxsltemplate match"book/price"gt
• ltugtltxslvalue-of select"."/gtlt/ugt
• lt/xsltemplategt

17
Patterns for matching nodes

• Sometimes, especially with an uneven hierarchy,
  you may find it easier to bypass intermediate
  nodes and simply select all the elements of a
  given type, whether they're immediate children,
  grandchildren, and so on.
• The double slash, //, refers to a descendant
  element at an arbitrary level.
• For example, this template rule applies to all
  NAME descendants of catalog, no matter how deep
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog//title"gt
• ltigtltxslvalue-of select"."/gtlt/igt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• The // operator at the beginning of a pattern
  selects any descendant of the root node.
• For example, this template rule processes all
  price elements while completely ignoring their
  location
• ltxsltemplate match"//price"gt ltigtltxslvalue-of
  select"."/gtlt/igt lt/xsltemplategt

18
Example

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• lthtmlgtltheadgtlttitlegtBook Cataloglt/titlegt lt/headgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• ltbodygtlt/bodygtlt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog//title"gt
• ltigtltxslvalue-of select"."/gtlt/igt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

19
Matching with

• You can test for more details about the nodes
  that match a pattern using . You can perform
  many different tests including
• Whether an element contains a given child,
  attribute, or other node
• Whether the value of an attribute is a certain
  string
• Whether the value of an element matches a string
• What position a given node occupies in the
  hierarchy

20
Example

• The select attribute is used in
  xslapply-templates, xslvalue-of, xslfor-each,
  xslcopy-of, xslvariable, xslparam, and
  xslsort to specify exactly which nodes are
  operated on.
• The value of select attribute is an expression
  written in the XPath language. The XPath language
  provides a means of identifying a particular
  element, group of elements, text fragment, or
  other part of an XML document.
• Expressions are a superset of the match patterns
  that enable you to match nodes by element name,
  child elements, descendants, and attributes, as
  well as by making simple tests on these items.
• XPath expressions allow you to select nodes
  through all these criteria but also by referring
  to ancestor nodes, parent nodes, sibling nodes,
  preceding nodes, and following nodes.
  Furthermore, expressions aren't limited to
  producing merely a list of nodes, but can also
  produce booleans, numbers, and strings.

21

• Node axes
• Expressions are not limited to specifying the
  children and descendants of the current node.
  XPath provides a number of axes that you can use
  to select from different parts of the tree
  relative to some particular node in the tree
  called the context node.
• In XSLT, the context node is normally initialized
  to the current node that the template matches,
  though there are ways to change this.

22
Some XPath Expressions

• Axis Selects From
• ancestor The parent of the context node, the
  parent of the parent of the context node, the
  parent of the parent of the parent of the context
  node, and so forth back to the root node
• ancestor-or-self The ancestors of the context
  node and the context node itself
• Attribute The attributes of the context node
• Child The immediate children of the context node
• descendant The children of the context node, the
  children of the children of the context node, and
  so forth
• descendant-or-self The context node itself and
  its descendants
• following All nodes that start after the end of
  the context node, excluding attribute and
  namespace nodes nodes that start after the end of
  the context node and have the same parent as the
  context node
• namespace The namespace of the context
  nodeparent. The unique parent node of the context
  node
• preceding All nodes that finish before the
  beginning of the context node, excluding
  attribute and namespace nodes
• preceding-sibling All nodes that start before the
  beginning of the context node and have the same
  parent as the context nodeself

23
Example

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/catalog"gt
• ltHTMLgt
• ltHEADgtltTITLEgtCataloglt/TITLEgtlt/HEADgt
• ltBODYgt
• ltxslapply-templates select"book"/gt
• lt/BODYgt
• lt/HTMLgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltPgt
• ltxslvalue-of select"position()"/gt.
• ltxslvalue-of select"title"/gt
• lt/Pgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

24

• Output
• 1. Fun With XML
• 2. Xml and Java
• 3. Speaking in Spanish
• 4. Adventures Of Freddie Frog

25
Examples

• This template rule applies to all book elements
  that are not the first child element of the
  catalog by testing whether the position is
  greater than 1
• ltxsltemplate matchcatalog/bookposition()gt1"gt
  ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt lt/xsltemplategt
• This template matches both the first and last
  book elements in their parent by matching when
  the position is 1 or when the position is equal
  to the number of elements in the set
• ltxsltemplate matchbookposition()1 or
  position()last()"gt ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
  lt/xsltemplategt

26
Default Template Rules

• XSLT defines several default template rules that
  are implicitly included in all style sheets. The
  first default rule matches root and element
  nodes, and applies templates to all child nodes.
  The second default rule matches text nodes and
  attributes, copying their values onto the output
  stream. Together these two rules mean that even a
  blank XSLT style sheet with just one empty
  xslstylesheet element will still produce the raw
  character data of the input XML document as
  output.
• The default rule for elements
• The first default rule applies to element nodes
  and the root node
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt ltxslapply-templates/gt
  lt/xsltemplategt / is XPath shorthand for "any
  element node or the root node." The purpose of
  this rule is to ensure that all elements are
  recursively processed even if they aren't reached
  by following the explicit rules. That is, unless
  another rule overrides this one (especially for
  the root element), all element nodes will be
  processed.
• However, once an explicit rule for any parent of
  an element is present, this rule will not be
  activated for the child elements unless the
  template rule for the parent has an
  xslapply-templates child. For instance, you can
  stop all processing by matching the root element
  and neither applying templates nor using
  xslfor-each to process the children like this
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt lt/xsltemplategt

27
Default Template Rules

• Text and attribute nodes ltxsltemplate
  match"text()_at_"gt ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
  lt/xsltemplategt
• This rule matches all text and attribute nodes
  (match"text()_at_") and outputs the value of the
  node (ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt). In other
  words, it copies the text from the input to the
  output. This rule ensures that at the very least
  an element's text is output, even if no rule
  specifically matches it. Another rule can
  override this one for specific elements where you
  want either more or less than the text content of
  an element.
• This rule also copies attribute values (but not
  names). However, they turn from attributes in the
  input to simple text in the output. Because
  there's no default rule that ever applies
  templates to attributes, this rule won't be
  activated for attributes unless you specifically
  add a nondefault rule somewhere in the style
  sheet that does apply templates to attributes of
  one or more elements.

28
Generating an XML document from another XML
document
29
lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltxslstylesheet
xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version"1.0"gt ltxsloutput
method"xml"/gt ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt lt/xsltemplategt
ltxsltemplate match"FitnessCenter"gt
ltxslelement name"FitnessCenter"gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt lt/xslelementgt
lt/xsltemplategt ltxsltemplate
match"Member"gt ltxslelement
name"Member"gt ltxslapply-templates/gt
lt/xslelementgt lt/xsltemplategt
Cont. --gt
30
ltxsltemplate match"Name"gt
ltxslelement name"Name"gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt lt/xslelementgt
lt/xsltemplategt ltxsltemplate
match"Phone"gt ltxslelement
name"Phone"gt ltxslapply-templates/gt
lt/xslelementgt lt/xsltemplategt
ltxsltemplate match"FavoriteColor"gt
ltxslelement name"FavoriteColor"gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt lt/xslelementgt
lt/xsltemplategt ltxsltemplate
match"text()"gt ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
lt/xsltemplategt lt/xslstylesheetgt
31

• FitnessCenter.xml
• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• lt?xml-stylesheet type"text/xsl"
  href"FitnessCenter.xsl"?gt
• ltFitnessCentergt
• ltMember level"platinum"gt
• ltNamegtJefflt/Namegt
• ltPhone type"home"gt555-1234lt/Phone
  gt
• ltPhone type"work"gt555-4321lt/Phone
  gt
• ltFavoriteColorgtlightgreylt/Favorite
  Colorgt
• lt/Membergt
• ltMember level"gold"gt
• ltNamegtDavidlt/Namegt
• ltPhone type"home"gt383-1234lt/Phone
  gt
• ltPhone type"work"gt383-4321lt/Phone
  gt
• ltFavoriteColorgtlightbluelt/Favorite
  Colorgt
• lt/Membergt
• ltMember level"platinum"gt
• ltNamegtRogerlt/Namegt
• ltPhone type"home"gt888-1234lt/Phone
  gt

• FitnessCenter_new.xml
• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt
• ltFitnessCentergt
• ltMembergt
• ltNamegtJefflt/Namegt
• ltPhonegt555-1234lt/Phonegt
• ltPhonegt555-4321lt/Phonegt
• ltFavoriteColorgtlightgreylt/Favorite
  Colorgt
• lt/Membergt
• ltMembergt
• ltNamegtDavidlt/Namegt
• ltPhonegt383-1234lt/Phonegt
• ltPhonegt383-4321lt/Phonegt
• ltFavoriteColorgtlightbluelt/Favorite
  Colorgt
• lt/Membergt
• ltMembergt
• ltNamegtRogerlt/Namegt
• ltPhonegt888-1234lt/Phonegt
• ltPhonegt888-4321lt/Phonegt

32
lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt ltFitnessCen
tergt ltMembergt
ltNamegtJefflt/Namegt
ltPhonegt555-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhonegt555-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightgreylt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt ltMembergt
ltNamegtDavidlt/Namegt
ltPhonegt383-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhonegt383-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightbluelt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt ltMembergt
ltNamegtRogerlt/Namegt
ltPhonegt888-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhonegt888-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightyellowlt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt lt/FitnessCentergt
Note that we've lost the attribute on the Member
element
33
Getting Members Attribute
ltxsltemplate match"Member"gt
ltxslelement name"Member"gt
ltxslfor-each select"_at_"gt
ltxslattribute name"name(.)"gt
ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
lt/xslattributegt lt/xslfor-eachgt
ltxslapply-templates/gt
lt/xslelementgt lt/xsltemplategt
For each attribute Add an attribute to the
element being output. The name of the
attribute is the name of the current attribute
being processed. The value of the
attribute is the value of the current
attribute being processed.
34
lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt ltFitnessCen
tergt ltMember levelplatinumgt
ltNamegtJefflt/Namegt ltPhone
type"home"gt555-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhone type"work"gt555-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightgreylt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt ltMember levelgoldgt
ltNamegtDavidlt/Namegt ltPhone
type"home"gt383-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhone type"work"gt383-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightbluelt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt ltMember levelplatinumgt
ltNamegtRogerlt/Namegt
ltPhone type"home"gt888-1234lt/Phonegt
ltPhone type"work"gt888-4321lt/Phonegt
ltFavoriteColorgtlightyellowlt/FavoriteColorgt
lt/Membergt lt/FitnessCentergt
35
Generalize

• Our identity stylesheet will only work for
  FitnessCenter XML documents. We can make a
  stylesheet which does an identity transformation
  on any XML document.

36
lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltxslstylesheet
xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version"1.0"gt ltxsloutput
method"xml"/gt ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
ltxslapply-templates/gt lt/xsltemplategt
ltxsltemplate match""gt ltxslelement
name"name(.)"gt ltxslfor-each
select"_at_"gt ltxslattribute
name"name(.)"gt
ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
lt/xslattributegt lt/xslfor-eachgt
ltxslapply-templates/gt
lt/xslelementgt lt/xsltemplategt
ltxsltemplate match"text()"gt ltxslvalue-of
select"."/gt lt/xsltemplategt lt/xslstylesheet
gt
37
Default Template Rules

• Every xsl document has two default template rules
• These rules are applied when the XSL Processor
  cannot find a template rule to use in your
  stylesheet
• Here are the two default template rules

ltxsltemplate match/ gt ltxslapply-templates
/gt lt/xsltemplategt ltxsltemplate
matchtext()gt ltxslvalue-of select./gt lt/xsl
templategt
Match on the document or any element. The
action is to go to the children and execute
their template rules.
Match on a text node. The action is to output
the value of the text node.
38
Multiple Applicable Rules
Suppose that the XSL Processor is processing
FitnessCenter and it gets to the ltMembergt
element. Why does it use ltxsltemplate
matchMembergt... and not the default template
rule ltxsltemplate match/ gt... ???
After all, both apply. Answer given two rules
that apply, the more specific rule wins. --gt
Clearly, is much more general than
Member. matches on any element.
Member just matches on the Member
element.
39
Smallest Identity Transformation Stylesheet

• Now that we know about the default template
  rules, we can further reduce the size of the
  stylesheet.

40
lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltxslstylesheet
xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version"1.0"gt ltxsloutput
method"xml"/gt ltxsltemplate match""gt
ltxslelement name"name(.)"gt
ltxslfor-each select"_at_"gt
ltxslattribute name"name(.)"gt
ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
lt/xslattributegt lt/xslfor-eachgt
ltxslapply-templates/gt
lt/xslelementgt lt/xsltemplategt lt/xslstyleshe
etgt
41
ltxslapply-templates selectpatterngt

• The xslapply-templates element (without the
  select attribute) tells the XSL Processor to
  apply the template rules to all children (in
  document order)
• The xsl apply-templates element can have a
  select attribute that tells the XSL Processor to
  process only the child element that matches
  pattern.
• Thus, the select attribute rule enables us to
  specify the order in which the children are
  processed

42
ltxslapply-templates selectpatterngt
ltxsltemplate match"Member"gt
ltxslapply-templates select"Name"/gt
ltxslapply-templates select"Phone_at_type'work'"/
gt lt/xsltemplategt "Go to the template rule for my
Name child element. Then go to the template rule
for the work Phone child element."
ltxsltemplate match"Member"gt
ltxslapply-templates select""/gt lt/xsltemplategt
"Go to all the child element nodes (not to any
child text nodes)."
43
Copying Elements

• The xslcopy element copies the source node into
  the output tree.
• Child elements, attributes, and other content are
  not automatically copied.
• However, the contents of the xslcopy element are
  an xsltemplate element that can select these
  things to be copied as well.
• This is often useful when transforming a document
  from one markup vocabulary to the same or a
  closely related markup vocabulary.

44
Shallow-copy vs Deep Copy

• Copy and copy-of constructs are used for nodes
  copying.
• Copy element copies the current node in the
  source document to the current output
  destination.
• This is a shallow copy copies only the current
  node without children and attributes.
• The main use of ltxsl-copygt is when doing an
  XML-to-XML transformation in which parts of the
  document are to remain unchanged.
• ltxsl-copy-ofgt copies a node-set to the current
  output destination. This is a deep copy, when a
  node is copied, its descendents are also copied.

45
Copying ElementsExample 1

• lt!-- Find Book elements and copy them--gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltxslcopygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xslcopygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltxslcopy/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

• Catalog.xml
• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltcataloggt
• ltproduct code"1234" category"tools"gt
• ltdescriptiongtHammerlt/descriptiongt
• ltweight units"lbs"gt0.5lt/weightgt
• ltpricegt12.00lt/pricegt
• lt/productgt
• ltproduct code"0000" category"tools"gt
• ltdescriptiongtNutlt/descriptiongt
• ltweight units"lbs"gt0.1lt/weightgt
• ltpricegt2.00lt/pricegt
• lt/productgt
• ltproduct code"7777" category"tools"gt
• ltdescriptiongtBoltlt/descriptiongt
• ltweight units"lbs"gt0.1lt/weightgt
• ltpricegt1.00lt/pricegt
• lt/productgt
• ltbookgt

46
Output

• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"utf-8" ?gt
• - ltcataloggt
•   ltbook /gt
•   ltbook /gt
•   lt/cataloggt

47
Copying Elements Example 2

• lt!-- Find Book elements and copy them--gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltxslcopygt
• ltxslapply-templates/
• lt/xslcopygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltxslcopygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xslcopygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"title"gt
• ltxslcopygt
• ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
• lt/xslcopygt
• lt/xsltemplategt

48
Output

• lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"utf-8" ?gt
• - ltcataloggt
• - ltbookgt
•   lttitlegtCosmoslt/titlegt
•   lt/bookgt
• - ltbookgt
•   lttitlegtXML Made Easylt/titlegt
•   lt/bookgt
•   lt/cataloggt

49
Copying ElementsExample 3

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• lt!-- Find Book elements and copy them--gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltcataloggt
• ltxslfor-each select"book"gt
• ltxslcopy-of select"." /gt
• lt/xslfor-eachgt
• lt/cataloggt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• lt!-- Deep copy --gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltxslfor-each select"product_at_code'7777'"gt
• ltxslcopy-of select"." /gt
• lt/xslfor-eachgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

50

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• lt!-- Generate another catalog with products that
  are less than 10 dollars--gt
• ltxsltemplate match""gt
• ltxslcopygt
• ltxslcopy-of select"_at_" /gt
• ltxslapply-templates /gt
• lt/xslcopygt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"product price gt
  10.00" /gt
• ltxsltemplate match"product/weight" /gt

51
What does this do?

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt ltxslstylesheet
  version"1.0" xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XS
  L/Transform"gt
• ltxsltemplate match"_at_processing-instruction(
  )text()"gt
• ltxslcopygt ltxslapply-templates
  select"_at_processing-instruction()text()"/gt
• lt/xslcopygt lt/xsltemplategt lt/xslstylesheetgt

52
Sum()

• The sum function calculates totals for a
  node-set.  You need to be aware of nodes that do
  not contain values, as this function will return
  'NaN' if one of the items is not numeric (i.e.
  empty). 
• You will need to do formatting of your code to
  overcome this, i.e. replacing empty values with a
  0. 
• Example calculate the total of all the book
  prices
• ltxslstylesheet xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/
  XSL/Transform" version"1.0"gt   ltxsltemplate
  match"/"gt        ltpgtTotal Price ltxslvalue-of
  select"sum(//price)"/gtlt/pgt   lt/xsltemplategtlt/x
  slstylesheetgt

53
Sum()

• ltxsloutput method"html"/gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• ltHTMLgt
• ltBODYgt
• ltxslvariable name"Space" select"' '"/gt
• ltxslfor-each select"//data/month"gt
• ltbr/gtltxslvalue-of select"name"/gt
• ltxslvalue-of select"Space"/gt
• ltxslvalue-of select"format-number(sum(week/_at_boo
  ks_sold), ',')"/gt
• lt/xslfor-eachgt
• lt/BODYgt
• lt/HTMLgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

• ltsalesgt
• ltsummarygt
• ltheadinggtBook Storelt/headinggt
• ltsubheadgtSales Reportlt/subheadgt
• ltdescriptiongtSales Report for two
  monthslt/descriptiongt
• lt/summarygt
• ltdatagt
• ltmonthgt
• ltnamegtJanuary 2002lt/namegt
• ltweek number"1" books_sold"1000" /gt
• ltweek number"2" books_sold"2000" /gt
• ltweek number"3" books_sold"3000" /gt
• ltweek number"4" books_sold"4000" /gt
• lt/monthgt
• ltmonthgt
• ltnamegt April 2002lt/namegt
• ltweek number"1" books_sold"700" /gt
• ltweek number"2" books_sold"2000" /gt
• ltweek number"3" books_sold"1000" /gt

54
Using modes

• Sometimes you want to include the same content
  from the source document in the output document
  multiple times. That's easy to do simply by
  applying templates multiple times, once in each
  place where you want the data to appear. However,
  suppose you want the data to be formatted
  differently in different locations?
• For example, you need two different rules that
  both apply to the same element at different
  places in the document. The solution is to give
  each of the different rules a mode attribute.
  Then you can choose which template to apply by
  setting the mode attribute of the
  xslapply-templates element.

55
Example

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/
  XSL/Transform"
• version"1.0"gt
• ltxsloutput method"xml"/gt
• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"title" mode"normal"gt
• ltxslelement name"title"gt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xslelementgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog"gt
• ltxslelement name"catalog"gt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• ltxslelement name"SpanishBooks"gt
• ltxslfor-each select"book_at_langua
  ge'Spanish'"gt
• ltxslapply-templates
  select"author" mode"footnote"/gt

56
Example

• ltxsltemplate match"book"gt
• ltxslelement name"book"gt
• ltxslfor-each select"_at_"gt
• ltxslattribute name"name(.)"gt
• ltxslvalue-of select"."/gt
• lt/xslattributegt
• lt/xslfor-eachgt
• ltxslapply-templates mode"normal"/gt
• lt/xslelementgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"author" mode"normal"gt
• ltxslelement name"author"gt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xslelementgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"author" mode"footnote"gt
• ltxslelement name"author"gt
• ltxsltextgtlt/xsltextgt

57
mode Attribute

• Allows you to create multiple template rules for
  the same element. Each template rule can process
  the element differently.
• So, you can have multiple template rules for the
  same element. Just give each template rule a
  different mode

ltxsltemplate match"Name" modenormal"gt
ltxsltemplate match"Name" mode"footnote"gt
58
Using Variables

• ltxsltemplate match"/"gt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate match"/catalog/book"gt
• ltxslvariable name"booktitle"
  select"title"/gt
• ltxslvariable name"firstWord"
  select"substring(booktitle,1,3)"/gt
• ltxslchoosegt
• ltxslwhen test"firstWord 'XML'"gt
• XML Book ltxslvalue-of
  select"booktitle"/gt
• lt/xslwhengt
• lt/xslchoosegt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• .
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

59
Named Templates

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
• xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  gt
• lt!-- Named templates--gt
• ltxslvariable name"someVar select"catalog/produc
  t"/gt
• ltxsltemplate match"catalog/book"gt
• ltxslcall-template name"show"gt
• ltxslwith-param name "someVar"
  select"'book/title'"/gt
• lt/xslcall-templategt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate name"show"gt
• ltxslparam name"someVar"/gt
• ltxslvalue-of select"concat('Hi',someVar)"/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

60
Catalog.xml

• lt?xml version"1.0"?gt
• ltcataloggt
• ltbookgt
• lttitle
• language"English"gtFun With XMLlt/titlegt
• ltauthorgtJohn Robotlt/authorgt
• ltisbngt12367lt/isbngt
• ltpricegt70lt/pricegt
• lt/bookgt
• ltbookgt
• lttitle
• language"English"gtXml and Javalt/titlegt
• ltauthorgtMary Joneslt/authorgt

61
Controlling which nodes to processpush model

• ltxslstylesheet version"1.0"
  xmlnsxsl"http//www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"gt
• ltxsltemplate match catalog"gt
• lthtmlgtltbodygt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/bodygtlt/htmlgt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate matchbookgt
• ltxslapply-templates/gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• ltxsltemplate matchauthortitlepricegt
• ltxslvalue-of select./gt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

62
Controlling which nodes to processpull model

• ltxsltemplate matchbookgt
• ltxslapply-templates selectauthorgt
• ltxslapply-templates selecttitlegt
• ltxslapply-templates selectpricegt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt

63
Pull model

• ltxsltemplate matchbookgt
• ltxslvalue-of selectauthorgt
• ltxslvalue-of selecttitlegt
• ltxslvalue-of selectpricegt
• lt/xsltemplategt
• lt/xslstylesheetgt