21_B3_U01A

1
21st Century College English Book 3
Unit 1 Part A
How I Got Smart
2
Unit 1 Part A

• Lead-in Activities
• Text Organization
• Reading and Writing Skills
• Language Points
• Guided Practice
• Assignment

3
Pre-reading Activities
4
Reading Analysis
I. Introduction to the story
5
Reading Analysis
II. The whole story
The beginning

The major part of the story
The ending
6
Reading Analysis
The beginning
7
Reading Analysis
The major part
I told her about whats and hows of anchovies.
I made quite an impression on her.
I told her about Aleutian Islands and the Aleuts.
Debbies eyes widened in amazement.
I helped her with a crossword puzzle.
This took my princesss breath away.
I talked in detail about the albatross in class.
My knowledge surprised everyone, including the
teacher.
8
Reading Analysis
The ending
9
Reading Analysis
III. The after events of the story
10
Language Points
Text A
How I Got Smart By Steve Brody
11
Language Points
How I Got Smart By Steve Brody 1 A common
misconception among youngsters attending school
is that their teachers were child prodigies. Who
else but a bookworm, with none of the normal
kids tendency to play rather than study, would
grow up to be a teacher anyway?
12
Language Points
2 Ive tried desperately to explain to my
students that the image they have of me as an
enthusiastic devotee of books and homework during
my adolescence was a bit out of focus. On the
contrary, I hated compulsory education with a
passion. I could never quite accept the notion of
having to go to school while the fish were
biting. 3 But in my sophomore year, something
beautiful and exciting happened. Cupid aimed his
arrow and struck me right in the heart. All at
once, I enjoyed going to school, if only to gaze
at the lovely face in English II.
13
Language Points
4 My princess sat near the pencil sharpener, and
that year I ground up enough pencils to fuel a
campfire. Alas, Debbie was far beyond my wildest
dreams. We were separated not only by five rows
of desks, but by about 50 I.Q. points. She was
the top student in English II, the apple of Mrs.
Larrivees eye. 5 Occasionally, Debbie would
catch me staring at her, and she would flash a
smile that radiated intelligence and quickened my
heartbeat. It was a smile that signaled hope and
made me temporarily forget the intellectual gulf
that separated us.
14
Language Points
6 I schemed desperately to bridge that gulf. And
one day, as I was passing the supermarket, an
idea came to me. A sign in the window announced
that the store was offering the first volume of a
set of encyclopedias at the special price of 29
cents. The remaining volumes would cost 2.49
each. 7 I purchased Volume I Aardvark to
Asteroid and began my venture into the world of
knowledge. I would henceforth become a seeker of
facts. I would become Chief Brain in English II
and sweep my princess off her feet with a surge
of erudition. I had it all planned.
15
Language Points
8 My first opportunity came one day in the
cafeteria line. I looked behind me and there she
was. 9 Hi, she said. 10 After a pause, I wet my
lips and said, Know where anchovies come
from? 11 She seemed surprised. No, I
dont. 12 I breathed a sigh of relief. The
anchovy lives in salt water and is rarely found
in fresh water. I had to talk fast, so that I
could get all the facts in before we reached the
cash register. Fishermen catch anchovies in the
Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coast
near Spain and Portugal.
16
Language Points
13 How fascinating, said Debbie, shaking her
head in disbelief. It was obvious that I had made
quite an impression. 14 A few days later, during
a fire drill, I casually went up to her and
asked, Ever been to the Aleutian
Islands? 15 Never have, she replied. 16 Might
be a nice place to visit, but I certainly
wouldnt want to live there, I said. 17 Why
not? said Debbie, playing right into my hands.
17
Language Points
18 Well, the climate is forbidding. There are no
trees on any of the 100 or more islands in the
group. The ground is rocky and very little plant
life can grow on it. 19 I dont think Id even
care to visit, she said. 20 The fire drill was
over and we began to file into the building, so I
had to step it up to get the natives in. The
Aleuts are short and sturdy and have dark skin
and black hair. They live on fish, and they trap
blue foxes and seals for their valuable fur.
18
Language Points
21 Debbies eyes widened in amazement. 22 One day
I was browsing through the library. I spotted
Debbie sitting at a table, absorbed in a
crossword puzzle. She was frowning, apparently
stumped on a word. I leaned over and asked if I
could help. 23 Four-letter word for Oriental
female servant, Debbie said. 24 Try amah, I
said, quick as a flash. 25 Debbie filled in the
blanks, then turned to stare at me in amazement.
I dont believe it, she said. I just dont
believe it.
19
Language Points
26 And so it went, that glorious, joyous,
romantic sophomore year. Debbie seemed to relish
our little conversations and hung on my every
word. Naturally, the more I read, the more my
confidence grew. 27 In the classroom, too, I was
gradually making my presence felt. One day,
during a discussion of Coleridges The Ancient
Mariner, we came across the word
albatross. 28 Can anyone tell us what an
albatross is? asked Mrs. Larrivee.
20
Language Points
29 My hand shot up. The albatross is a large
bird that lives mostly in the ocean regions below
the equator, but may be found in the north
Pacific as well. The albatross measures as long
as four feet and has the greatest wingspread of
any bird. It feeds on fish and shellfish. The
albatross has an enormous appetite, and when its
full it has trouble getting into the air
again. 30 There was a long silence in the room.
Mrs. Larrivee couldnt quite believe what she had
just heard. I sneaked a look at Debbie and gave
her a big wink. She beamed proudly and winked
back.
21
Language Points
31 What I failed to perceive was that Debbie all
this while was going steady with a junior from a
neighboring school a basketball player with a
C average. The revelation hit me hard, and for a
while I felt like forgetting everything I had
learned. I had saved enough money to buy Volume
II Asthma to Bullfinch but was strongly
tempted to invest in a basketball instead. 32 I
felt not only hurt, but betrayed. Like Agamemnon,
but with less drastic consequences, thank God.
22
Language Points
33 In time I recovered from my wounds. The next
year Debbie moved from the neighborhood and
transferred to another school. Soon she became no
more than a memory. 34 Although the original
incentive was gone, I continued poring over the
encyclopedias, as well as an increasing number of
other books. Having tasted of the wine of
knowledge, I could not now alter my course.
For A little knowledge is a dangerous
thing Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian
spring. So wrote Alexander Pope, Volume XIV
Paprika to Pterodactyl.
23
misconception n. wrong idea based on a
failure to understand a situation

• Examples
• The medicine company held a press to change the
  misconception about its new product.

Vocabulary building mis- referring that the
action is done wrongly or badly
mislead to cause to believe sth. that is not
true to cause to behave in a wrong way
misreport to provide information that is not
completely true or correct
misjudge to form an unfair or incorrect opinion
or idea about sth./sb.
miscount to reach a total, when counting,
which is not correct
24
Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal
kids tendency to play rather than study, would
grow up to be a teacher anyway?
Paraphrase Who else would ever grow up to be a
teacher at all except a bookworm who, unlike
other kids, likes to study but not to play?

• tendency n.
• part of a persons character that makes him
  like
• (to do) sth.
• Examples
• Hes always had a tendency towards fast cars.
• His tendency to exaggerate is well known.

• anyway ad.
• (often used in conversation without adding much
  meaning to what is being said) in any case,
  anyhow
• Examples
• Why dont we get rid of the car since we dont
  use it anyway?
• What was he doing with so much of the companys
  money in his personal account anyway?

bookworm n. a person devoted to reading
25
the image they have of me as an enthusiastic
devotee of books and homework during my
adolescence was a bit out of focus.

• devotee n.
• a person who strongly admires a particular
  person or extremely interested in sth.
• Examples
• The hotel was surrounded by a large crowd of
  devotees of the movie star.

• adolescence n.
• a period between childhood and adulthood
• Examples
• The author describes his joys and sorrow of his
  adolescence.

• out of focus
• not sharply defined
• Examples
• The childrens faces were badly out of focus in
  the photograph.
• Though Ive known him for several years, his
  personality is still a bit out of focus to me.

Paraphrase Who else would ever grow up to be a
teacher at all except a bookworm who, unlike
other kids, likes to study but not to play?
the image they have of me the image of me which
they have
26
Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal
kids tendency to play rather than study, would
grow up to be a teacher anyway?
Paraphrase Who else would ever grow up to be a
teacher at all except a bookworm who, unlike
other kids, likes to study but not to play?
rather than Meaning to say what someone does not
do or does not intend to do in contrast to
what they actually do
rather than Rules 1) The word or phrase
introduced by rather than is generally in the
same form as the one parallel to it in the main
clause 2) When the main clause has an
infinitive, rather than can be followed by an
infinitive with to (which is more formal) or
without to, while a V-ing form is also
possible 3) When the main clause has a verb in
the past tense, rather than can be followed by
either a verb in the past tense if the two verbs
are parallel, or an infinitive if something yet
to happen is implied.

• rather than
• Examples
• He was pitied rather than disliked by his
  friends.
• He likes starting early rather than staying late.
• Why dont you wear the black shoes rather than
  the brown ones?
• Id like to stay at home this evening rather than
  go/to go/going out.
• Rather than cause trouble, he left.

27
while the fish were biting
Paraphrase when it was time to play
Idioms with fish fish in troubled waters to
try to take advantage of a confused
situation like a fish out of water completely
unfamiliar with ones surroundings fish or cut
bait to proceed with an activity or abandon it
altogether
28
Text-related information
Cupid aimed his arrow and struck me right in the
heart.
Paraphrase ?
Cupid in Roman mythology, son of Venus, goddess
of love. His counterpart in Greek mythology was
Eros, god of love. He appears as a mischievous
boy who indiscriminately wounds both gods and
humans with his arrows, thereby causing them to
fall deeply in love. Cupid is commonly
represented in art as a naked, winged infant,
often blindfolded, carrying a bow and a quiver of
arrows.
I fell in love.
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if only to gaze at the lovely face in English
II.
if only to Usage to introduce what one thinks a
fairly good reason for doing something, although
one realizes it may not be a very good reason,
meaning even if the only reason is ...

• if only to
• Examples
• Ill have a glass myself, if only to prevent you
  from drinking it all.
• I think you should get a job if only to stop
  yourself getting so bored at home.

if only to Translation ?????? ...
Make a sentence with if only to ?
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... and that year I ground up enough pencils to
fuel a campfire.
Question 1 What does the sentence mean?
Question 2 Why did the author grind so many
pencils?
31
We were separated not only by five rows of desks,
but by about 50 I.Q. points.
Translate into Chinese ?
Key ????????????,???50?????
32
beyond my wildest dreams (in a way that is)
better than what one expected or hoped for
Translate ??????????????????????

• Examples
• The salary was beyond my wildest dreams.

Key A computer as my birthday gift is far
beyond my wildest dreams.
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Text-related information
We were separated not only by five rows of desks,
but by about 50 I.Q. points.
I. Q. intelligence quotient, an index of
measurement of the intelligence level of both
children and adults, with a normal standard of 100
The distribution of IQ scores on the Weschsler
Adult Intelligence Scale follows an approximately
normal curve, an average distribution of values.
The test is regularly adjusted so that the median
score is 100 - -that is, so that half of the
scores fall above 100, and half fall below
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the apple of ones eye a person or thing that
is the main object of sb.s love and attention
Translate The girls in the class were rather
hostile to Jenny simply because she was the apple
of their teachers eye.

• Examples
• Alice is the apple of her parents eye.

Key ????????????,???????????
35
intellectual gulf difference in mental
ability gulf n. area of division or
difference, esp. between opinions

• Examples
• There is a widening gulf between the middle
  classes and the poorest sections of society.
• It is hoped that the peace plan will bridge the
  gulf between the government and the rebels.

36
volume n. 1. one of a set of books of the same
kind (????)????? 2. (of) ???? 3. ??

• Examples
• I have a set of Dickens works in 24 volumes.
• The tank has a volume of 4,000 cubic feet(????).
• She turned down the volume on the TV.

37
scheme v. make plans (for) plan in a deceitful
way n. 1. a formal, official or business plan 2.
a clever, dishonest plan

• Examples
• Behind the scenes, a small group was scheming to
  remove the chairman from office.
• The governments Youth Training Scheme soon ran
  into difficulties.
• The criminal was planning a scheme to rob the
  bank.

38
Text-related information
aardvark n. (Afrikaans for earth pig),
common name for a burrowing, ant-eating mammal.
The aardvark is found throughout much of Africa,
from the southern part of Egypt to the Cape of
Good Hope ??,?????
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Text-related information
asteroid n. one of the many small or minor
planets that are members of the solar system
starfish ?????
40
venture n. a plan of action, esp. in
business, which is new and might be difficult and
so involves uncertainty or the risk of failure.

• Examples
• She had three divorces and this is her fourth
  matrimonial(???) venture.
• We are looking abroad for more profitable
  business ventures.

41
henceforth ad. from this time onwards

• Examples
• The governor declared that, henceforth, the first
  of June would be a holiday.
• The memo said, Henceforth, all salary raises
  must be approved by the president.

42
I would become Chief Brain in English II and
sweep my princess off her feet with a surge of
erudition.

• sweep sb. off his/her feet
• make sb. feel suddenly and strongly attracted
  to you in a romantic way
• Examples
• John was swept off his feet by the appearance of
  a beautiful girl at his door.

erudition n. much of specialist
knowledge e.g. The debate requires not only
skills of speech but also erudition on the
subject.
Paraphrase I would become the most intelligent
person in English II, and would impress her and
make her feel attracted to me with a sudden and
great increase in my learning.
43
Text-related information
anchovy n. any of several small, bony,
schooling fishes related to the herring. One of
the worlds most important commercial fishes, the
anchovy population off Chile and Peru has been
severely depleted in the last several years by
over-fishing and climatic changes ??,???
44
I breathed a sigh of relief.

• relief n.
• feeling of comfort at the end of anxiety, fear,
  or pain
• Examples
• This medicine will give a little relief.
• It was a great relief to me when I heard he was
  safe.
• Note Relief also refers to money, clothing, food
  and other aid that is made available to help
  poor people or people who are victims of a
  disaster.

Translate the sentence ?
Key ??????
45
get sth. in manage to say sth. about a subject

• Examples
• Ill get my suggestion in at the start of the
  meeting.
• I finally managed to get a word in(??).

46
play right into ones hands do something which
gives sb. an advantage

• Examples
• In the basketball game, Jerrys foul played right
  into the opponents hands.
• Mary and Bobby both wanted the last piece of
  cake, but Bobby played into Marys hands by
  trying to grab it. (Father gave the cake to Mary
  because Bobby tried to grab it.)

47
file into the building
Paraphrase walk into the building one behind
another in a line
48
Text-related information
The Aleutian Islands are a chain of volcanic
islands of southwest Alaska, U.S.A. Characterized
by fairly uniform temperatures, high winds, heavy
rainfall, and persistent fog, the Aleutians are
practically without trees but covered with a
luxuriant growth of grasses, sedges, and many
flowering plants.
49
step it up (infml) increase the size or speed
of (????) ?? ??

• Examples
• The police are stepping up their efforts to fight
  crime.
• The pace of the reforms is being stepped up.

50
seal n. 1)??  2)??,?? vt. 1)??? 2)?,??

• Examples
• Some seals can bark like a dog.
• The flap(????)of the envelope has the companys
  seal on it.
• The secretary sealed ( stamped an official mark
  on) the companys official letters.
• If you want to keep the jam for a long time, you
  must seal the jar well.

51

• stump vt.
• put an unanswerable question to puzzle
• Stump as a verb that means puzzle has its
  origin in the stumps(??)that American settlers
  had to pull from the earth after felling trees
  some stumps were so big and deep-rooted that the
  pioneers didnt know what to do. They stumped
  them.

• Examples
• The question has stumped philosophers since the
  beginning of time.

Translate Were all completely stumped we
cant work out how he escaped.
Key ????????????????????
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And so it went, that glorious, joyous, romantic
sophomore year.
Question 1 What does the it stand for?
Question 2 The word went could be best
replaced by ____. A) escaped B) moved C)
passed by D) traveled
Translate into Chinese ?
Key ???????????????????????????????
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relish vt. get pleasure out of, enjoy greatly n.
If you do something with relish, you do it
eagerly and with a lot of enjoyment.

• Examples
• My grandmother has always relished life.
• The reporter seemed to relish asking all those
  personal questions.
• Kate lit a cigarette and inhaled with relish.
• Charles described with great relish how he got
  his revenge on Malcolm.

54
hang on (sb.s words) listen very carefully to
sb.

• Examples
• Ann hangs on every word of her history teacher
  and takes very careful notes.
• He told them stories around the campfire, the
  boys hanging fascinated on his words.

55

• making my presence felt
• The make noun/pronoun past participle
  structure is used when the logical subject of the
  verb in the past participle form is unknown, less
  important or when it involves the general public
  or people in general.

• Examples
• They went to the Ambassador to make themselves
  known to him.
• I can make myself understood in French.
• She had to shout to make herself heard above the
  sound of the music.

56
Text-related information
Coleridge was an English lyrical poet, critic,
and philosopher. His Lyrical Ballads, written
with William Wordsworth, heralded(??)the English
Romantic movement, and his Biographia Literaria
(1817) is the most significant work of general
literary criticism produced in the English
Romantic period.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge ???? (17721834)
57
Text-related information
Albatross ???
The 3.4 m wingspan of the wandering albatross,
one of the largest birds, is an adaptation
allowing long distance flight over vast expanses
of open ocean. The wandering albatross lives for
up to 30 years and may not breed until the age of
15, when a single egg is laid and incubated for
65 to 79 days.
58
appetite n. 1. ones desire to eat and ones
feeling about how much to eat 2. (for) a strong
desire

• Examples
• The childs appetite was ruined by too much
  candy.
• The stout man has a large appetite.
• He has an enormous appetite for classical music.
• The public has an insatiable (extremely strong)
  appetite for scandal(??)and political
  controversy(??).

59
sneak a look at look secretly at sneak vt.
take secretly (often without permission)

• Examples
• sneak a chocolate from the box
• sneak a look through the keyhole

?Could you make more phrases or sentences with
sneak?
60
perceive vt. notice, be conscious of

• Examples
• If you perceive something, you see, notice or
  become aware of it, esp. when it is not obvious
  to other people.
• I perceived a note of unhappiness in her voice.
• He wasnt able to perceive the danger of their
  situation.

61
go steady with sb. date sb. regularly and
exclusively

• Examples
• Theyd been going steady with each other for
  three years before they got married.

62
revelation n. the act of revealing sth.,
usually of great significance

• Examples
• The revelation that the world is round surprised
  them.
• This is quite a revelation to me I had no idea
  that you were a priest.

63
Text-related information
bullfinch ????
64
betray vt. be disloyal or unfaithful to

• To betray ones feelings, thoughts or a
  particular characteristic is to show them without
  intending to.
• Examples
• Her red face betrayed her nervousness.
• Although she often seems quite cold and harsh,
  her smiling eyes betray her true nature.

• Examples
• I thought he was too good to betray his friends.
• The general betrayed his country by giving away
  vital military secrets.

• To betray some information, especially a secret,
  is to make it known.
• Examples
• He betrayed the news to all his friends.

• If someone betrays your trust, they make you
  question your confidence in them.
• Examples
• By failing to fulfill his promise, he has
  betrayed my trust.

65
Text-related information
Like Agamemnon, but with less drastic
consequences, thank God.
Agamemnon ???? Agamemnon was, in Greek mythology,
king of Mycenae, and commander of the Greek
forces in the Trojan War. After a ten-year
siege(??), Troy fell and Agamemnon returned in
triumph to Mycenae. His wife Clytemnestra greeted
him with words of love, but while he was in his
bath she killed him with the assistance of her
lover. His death was avenged(??)seven years later
by his son Orestes.
Paraphrase I felt like Agamemnon, but, luckily
enough, things did not end up as drastically as
with Agamemnon I was not killed.
66
in time 1) eventually 2) at or before the
right or necessary time

• Examples
• Fred and Jim did not like each other at first,
  but in time they became friends.
• Will you be home in time to see the children
  before they go to bed?

67

• no more than
• just, only
• The phrase no more than is used to emphasize that
  someone or something is not very important,
  valuable or impressive, or that they are hardly
  worth considering.

• Examples
• They thought slaves were no more than
  commodities.
• The white sails were no more than a speck upon
  the waters.

68

• incentive n.
• encouragement to greater activity, motivating
  factor, stimulus
• Cf. incentive vs. stimulus
• Incentive means a stimulus to action, but
  incentive applies to a cause which encourages
  action or activity while stimulus refers to
  something, either physiological or psychological,
  that causes a reaction or growth.

• Examples
• Our bonus payments provide an incentive to work
  harder.
• Tax incentives have been very effective in
  encouraging people to save or invest more of
  their income.
• The tip of the tongue is sensitive to salt and
  sweet stimuli.
• Foreign investment has been a stimulus to the
  industry.

69
pore over study or give close attention to

• Examples
• Bill pored over his notes the night before the
  exam.
• The architect pored over his designs carefully.

70
Having tasted of the wine of knowledge, I could
not now alter my course.
Paraphrase ?
Having experienced the power of knowledge, I
could not bring myself to stop reading.
71

• the Pierian spring
• (Greek mythology) a spring considered a source of
  inspiration drinking its water is supposed to
  give poetic inspiration.

72
Text-related information
English poet Alexander Pope is known for the
brilliant verse and stinging satire he wrote
during the early and mid-18th century. Pope
emulated the classical style of the poets of
antiquity and further developed the poetic form
known as the heroic couplet. He first earned fame
with the work An Essay on Criticism (1711), in
which he wrote the now famous line, To err is
human, to forgive divine.
Alexander Pope ?? (1688-1744)
73
Text-related information
pterodactyl ???
The pterosaurs were the first noninsect animals
to develop flapping flight. Evidence suggests
that some pterosaurs were partially warm-blooded.
Pterosaurs flew in prehistoric skies beginning in
the Triassic Period (???) and continuing through
the Jurassic Period (???) until their extinction
at the end of the Cretaceous Period (???).
74
Unit 1 Exercises

• Comprehension
• Vocabulary
• Listening

75
Vocabulary
???? III Ex. III, p. 11
76
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
compulsory relish confidence consequence incenti
ve perceive invest henceforth scheme passion

• Do you think that making music and art
  ___________ subjects in schools may reduce some
  childrens enjoyment of them?
• 2. Bobs one of those people who ___________ risk
  and danger hed be bored in a safe, steady job.

compulsory
relish
77
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
compulsory relish confidence consequence incentiv
e perceive invest henceforth scheme passion

• Elizabeths certainly talented enough to succeed
  in her career she just doesnt have enough
  ___________ in her own abilities.
• 4. Im sorry youre in trouble, but you made your
  decision on your own and youll just have to face
  the ________________.

confidence
consequences
78
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
compulsory relish confidence consequence incentiv
e perceive invest henceforth scheme passion

• Many educators would be delighted to abolish
  exams, but worry that without them there would be
  too little ___________ for students to work hard.
• 6. The teacher accidentally hit the boys hand
  with an eraser and was ___________ known as
  Dead-Eye Bean.

incentive
henceforth
79
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
compulsory relish confidence consequence incentive
perceive invest henceforth scheme passion

• If I had money, Id ___________ it all in
  Internet companies.
• 8. Psychologists say that our behavior is
  influenced by many factors too subtle for us to
  consciously ___________.

invest
perceive
80
Vocabulary
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
compulsory relish confidence consequence incentiv
e perceive invest henceforth scheme passion

• Hes always had a ___________ for books. If he
  could work in a library, it would be a dream come
  true.
• 10. Look at those three whispering in the corner
  again theyre ___________ something, I just
  dont know what!

passion
scheming
81
Vocabulary
???? III Ex. V, p. 12
82
Vocabulary
V. Use the words in the box and your
imagination to briefly complete the thoughts
below. You dont have to use all the words, an
your answers can be more than on sentence, but
make sure you include at least one of the words
in each sentence you write.
casual cafeteria frown Oriental sturdy b
eam betray romantic relief revelation ga
ze glorious sigh stump widen
1. If you wanted to show your admiration for
someone just by looking at them, how would you do
it?
Reference gaze, beam, widen
83
Vocabulary
V. Use the words in the box and your
imagination to briefly complete the thoughts
below. You dont have to use all the words, an
your answers can be more than on sentence, but
make sure you include at least one of the words
in each sentence you write.
casual cafeteria frown Oriental sturdy b
eam betray romantic relief revelation ga
ze glorious sigh stump widen
2. If you learned your best friend was dating
someone you were romantically interested in, how
would you express your feelings?
Reference betray, sigh, frown
84
Vocabulary
V. Use the words in the box and your
imagination to briefly complete the thoughts
below. You dont have to use all the words, an
your answers can be more than on sentence, but
make sure you include at least one of the words
in each sentence you write.
casual cafeteria frown Oriental sturdy b
eam betray romantic relief revelation ga
ze glorious sigh stump widen
3. If visitors from another planet asked you to
describe what love is , what would you tell them?
Reference glorious, revelation, stump
85
Structure
???? III Ex. X, p. 16
86
Structure
X. Complete the following sentences by
translating the Chinese into English, using the
structure if only to do sth..
1. Many writers believe that at least one murder
is necessary in a detective story,
(?????????????).
? if only to attract more readers
87
Structure
X. Complete the following sentences by
translating the Chinese into English, using the
structure if only to do sth..
2. Tom would like to take advantage of the
medical facilities at the university clinic,
(???????????).
? if only to get his two teeth filled
88
Structure
X. Complete the following sentences by
translating the Chinese into English, using the
structure if only to do sth..
3. George knows he has to perform very well on
the final exam, (?????????????????).
? if only to make a good impression on his
girlfriend
89
Structure
X. Complete the following sentences by
translating the Chinese into English, using the
structure if only to do sth..
4. The person who started the fire by carelessly
throwing away a lit cigarette must be punished,
(?????????? ???????).
? if only to teach him a lesson on how
dangerous it is to be so careless
90
Structure
X. Complete the following sentences by
translating the Chinese into English, using the
structure if only to do sth..
5. I think you should get a job,
(??????????????????).
? if only to stop yourself getting so bored
at home
91
Structure
???? III Ex. XI, p. 16
92
Structure
XI. Complete the following sentences by using the
make noun/pronoun past participle
structure. Example In the classroom, too, I was
gradually _______________. (make my presence /
feel)
making my presence felt.
1. Racial prejudice can ___________ even if no
one ever speaks of it. (make itself / feel)
make itself felt
93
Structure
XI. Complete the following sentences by using the
make noun/pronoun past participle structure.
2. Since you feel so strongly about this matter,
you should ___________ to other committee
members. (make your views / know)
make your views known
94
Structure
XI. Complete the following sentences by using the
make noun/pronoun past participle structure.
3. I tried to warn him but I couldnt ___________
above the noise of the traffic. (make myself /
hear)
make myself heard
95
Structure
XI. Complete the following sentences by using the
make noun/pronoun past participle structure.
4. You should try to learn enough of the local
language to ______ in everyday situations. (make
yourself / understand)
make yourself understood
96
Structure
XI. Complete the following sentences by using the
make noun/pronoun past participle structure.
5. Louisa tried everything she could think of to
___________ in her, but he never even noticed.
(make Anthony / interest)
make Anthony interested
97
Cloze
???? III Ex. XIV, p. 18
98
Cloze
XIV. Select the most appropriate word from the
four choices given. The choice 0 means that no
additional word is appropriate.
1. a) at b) by c) to d) 0
2. a) forbidden b) forbidding c) forgetting d)
forgotten
3. a) at b) of c)that d) 0
4. a) are b) be c) is d) 0
When you fall in love for the first time, its a
very serious moment in your life. When people
refer _1_ early romantic feelings by such terms
as puppy love or having a crush, they havent
simply _2_ what its like they are failing to
perceive _3_ how powerful and significant the
experience _4_. Not only does your first love
change your life _5_ it also reveals patterns of
romantic behavior that are likely _6_ present in
all your future love relationships _7_. If your
7. a) at once b) as well c) similar d) so
5. a) forever b) henceforth c) thereafter d)
whenever
6. a) of being b) to be c) will be d) 0
99
Cloze
XIV. Select the most appropriate word from the
four choices given. The choice 0 means that no
additional word is appropriate.

1. a) incentive b) investment c) relief d) revelation

9. a) contrary b) one hand c) other hand d)
reverse
10. a) which b) who c) whom d) 0
first experience of love filled you with energy
and gave you the _8_ to explore new areas of
life, youll probably always seek romantic
partners who are both demanding and giving. If,
on the _9_, your first romance left you feeling
awkward and unable to express yourself, you will
most likely look for partners with _10_ you feel
safe and comfortable. And _11_ the object of your
first romantic feelings was can also be _12_. Was
it someone nearby, your own age, that you could
11. a) which b) who c) where d) 0
12. a) relished b) revealed c) revealing d)
revelation
100
Cloze
XIV. Select the most appropriate word from the
four choices given. The choice 0 means that no
additional word is appropriate.
13. a) There b) This c) What d) Which
14. a) confidence b) consequence c) incentive d)
revelation
15. a) after b) for c) of d) 0
share interests and activities with? _13_ is a
sign that you expect love as a natural _14_ of
who you are. If your first love was someone
remotea film star, for exampleyou may always
get more satisfaction from earning _15_ love than
from receiving love. Or perhaps your first
romantic feelings were for _16_ in between
remote, but not absent near you, but not _17_
you an English teacher, for instance. This is a
sign of a very noble character, and of a truly
_18_ and rewarding romantic future.
16. a) anyone b) someone c) somewhere d) whom
17. a) alike b) as c) like d) similar
18. a) casual b) drastic c) glorious d) sturdy
101
Translation English to Chinese
???? III Ex. XII, p. 17
102
Translation English to Chinese
Read the following paragraphs until you learn
them by heart and translate them into Chinese.
A common misconception among youngsters
attending school is that their teachers were
child prodigies. Who else but a bookworm, with
none of the normal kids tendency to play rather
than study, would grow up to be a teacher anyway?
??????????????????,?????????????????????,???????
??????????????????,?????????????
103
Translation English to Chinese
Read the following paragraphs until you learn
them by heart and translate them into Chinese.
Ive tried desperately to explain to my students
that the image they have of me as an enthusiastic
devotee of books and homework during my
adolescence was a bit out of focus. On the
contrary, I hated compulsory education with a
passion. I could never quite accept the notion of
having to go to school while the fish were biting.
????????????????????? ??????????????????????
????,??????????????????????????????????
104
Translation Chinese to English
???? III Ex. XIII, p. 17
105
Translation Chinese to English

1. ??????????????????????????????????

hang on Miss Yangs every word
(be) transferred to our school
the apple of her eye
Tom (was) transferred to our school last year. He
hung on Miss Yangs every word in class and soon
became the apple of her eye.
106
Translation Chinese to English

1. ?????????,???????????????????????

that he couldnt express in words
Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he
felt a surge of love and pride that he couldnt
express in words.
107
Translation Chinese to English

1. ?????????????,???????????????!

begin his first venture into the stock market
be beyond his wildest dreams
Last year when Mr. Li began his first venture
into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was
beyond his wildest dreams.
108
Translation Chinese to English
4. ????,??????????????????? ?,?????????
witness some wild seals feeding on fish
out of focus
On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some
wild seals feeding on fish. I took several photos
of them, but unfortunately they were out of focus.
109
Translation Chinese to English

1. ?????????????????????????????????????????

alter
go steady with
The prince has been going steady with the actress
for three years and nothing can alter their
decision to get married next week.
110
Translation Chinese to English

1. ???????????????????????????????????????????????

do not even have enough to feed on
a complete misconception that
It is a complete misconception that the poor do
not need compulsory education because they do not
even have enough to feed on. But without
education, how could people overcome their
poverty?
111
Translation Chinese to English

1. ???????????????????????????????????

work out
be stumped
overnight
All of Davids classmates are completely stumped
no one can work out how he became a top student
overnight.
112
Translation Chinese to English

1. ???,???????????????,????????????????

hit him hard
her rejection of his proposal
in time
recover from his wounds
It is obvious that her rejection of his proposal
hit him hard, but in time he recovered from his
wounds.
113
Structured Writing
Begin an Essay Introducing a concept in order
to show that it's wrong is a very common way to
begin an essay. In Text A, the author introduces
a misconception as a way of leading into a story,
the same structure is also useful for presenting
theories, arguments and opinions.
Example in text A
Sample Essay
Write your own
114
Structured Writing
Look again at paragraphs 13 of Text A. The
following is a detailed analysis of the first
three paragraphs

• The author outlines a misconception.

• He then gives a specific example to show this
  idea is incorrect.

• Then he goes on to introduce the key event in the
  story he wants to tell.

115
Structured Writing
a misconception A common misconception among
youngsters attending school is that their
teachers were child prodigies. Who else but a
bookworm, with none of the normal kid's tendency
to play rather than study, would grow up to be a
teacher anyway?
116
Structured Writing
a specific example himself I've tried
desperately to explain to my students that the
image they have of me as an enthusiastic devotee
of books and homework in my youth is a bit out of
focus. On the contrary, I hated compulsory
education with a passion. I could never quite
accept the notion of having to go to school while
the fish were biting.
117
Structured Writing

• the key event
• But in my sophomore year, something beautiful and
  exciting happened. Cupid aimed his arrow and
  struck me right in the heart. All at once, I
  enjoyed going to school, if only to gaze at the
  lovely face in English II.

118
Structured Writing

• A common misconception among university
  teachers is that certain students were born with
  a talent for interrupting lessons with strange
  questions. Who else but a born troublemaker, with
  none of the normal schoolgirl's tendency to sit
  through each class in shy silence, would grow up
  to be an active student?
• I've tried to convince my teachers that the
  image they have of me as a noisy, undisciplined
  kid is out of focus. In reality, I was so quiet
  as a child that some people wondered if I could
  speak at all.
• But then one day, during a fourth-grade history
  lesson, something happened that changed my
  classroom behavior forever. I had been gazing
  quietly into space as usual, when I noticed some
  fine lines in the ceiling just over the teacher's
  head.

119
Structured Writing
Use the same structure to write a short essay of
your own in about 150 words. Here are a few ideas
you can use to begin your introduction if you
like

• A misconception among our teachers is that
  students never have anything else to do but only
  homework from class.
• Many students wrongly assume that university
  education would ensure them of better jobs.
• Adults often believe that puppy love is not a
  serious thing.

120
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