Title: Air%20Force%20Aircraft%20/%20Runway%20Deicing%20Initiatives%20and%20Our%20Weapon%20Systems
1Air Force Aircraft / Runway Deicing Initiatives
and Our Weapon Systems
Aeronautical Systems Center
Birthplace, Home and Future of Aerospace
- Ms. Mary Wyderski
- Aeronautical Systems Center
- Wright-Patterson AFB OH, USA
- Mr. Alexei Lozada-Ruiz
- Aeronautical Systems Center
- Wright-Patterson AFB OH, USA
- Maj Timothy Allmann
- Air Force Research LaboratoryWright-Patterson
AFB OH, USA
2Overview
- Issues/Concerns
- 2004 Deicing Working Group
- Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- Summary
3Environmental Concerns
- Federal, state and local EPA continue to limit
operations - Environmental drivers
- Clean Water Act Amendment of 1990
- EPA Effluent Limitation Guidelines of 1999
- BOD, toxins, significant water usage and waste
stream - Permits and fines
- Water conservation
- Deicing materials, non-toxic, non-permitting, new
formulations - EPA Effluent Guidelines Plan (2004)
- More regulations coming for aircraft deicing
operations!!! - Cost burden 3 per dollar spent on fluid
4Operational Concerns
- Mission surges shortfalls
- Operational budget for deicing
- Storage, containment and disposal
- Local mixing station to reduce aircraft fluid use
- Portable local recycling unit (reuse vs.
disposal) - More deicing events
- More manpower
- Uniform training requirements
- Latest aircraft deicing equipment unavailability
5Operational Concerns (cont.)
- Maintain safety of operations
- Effective deicing procedures / inspections
- No frozen contamination on wings/surfaces
- Safe, clear runways/taxiways
- Effective deicing materials
- No fluid residue on aircraft surfaces
- No thickened fluid in aerodynamically quiet areas
between control surfaces
6Material Concerns
- Acquisition Reform adoption of commercial
specifications in place of mil-specs - AMS 1424, 1428 aircraft deicing
- AMS 1431, 1435 runway deicing
- Compatibility of deicing materials/technologies
with unique aircraft platform materials - Foaming and unique characteristics of
non-propylene glycol aircraft fluids
72004 Deicing Working Group
- Primary objectives
- Promote information exchange among deicing
stakeholders - Discuss problems
- Identify potential courses of action
- Discuss and validate requirements
- Focused on parked aircraft, runway, and in-flight
deicing - Special emphasis on operational concerns, present
practices, and emerging technologies - Overarching Goal Provide war-fighter flying
capability, while maintaining environmental
compliance
82004 Deicing Working Group (cont.)
- Conducted 15-17 March 2004 in Las Vegas NV
- 84 attendees
- Diversity of group revealed different priorities,
focuses and perspectives - Operational personnel mission readiness
- System program offices impacts to aircraft
platforms - Environmental protect environment, ensure EPA
does not effect base operations, cost containment
- FAA experiences, commercial way of doing
business - General consensus - Working Group was needed and
successful - Intend to meet regularly (e.g., annually)
92004 Deicing Working Group (cont.)
- Operational Discussion Day (1)
- Experiences and requirements
- General Session Day (2)
- Deicing Equipment and Facilities
- Deicing/Anti-icing Fluids
- Deicing Programs
- General Session - Day (3)
- Ice Detection
- Deicing Training
- Future Technologies
- In-flight Icing/Deicing
- Environmental Challenges and Requirements
102004 Deicing Working Group Concerns/Challenges
Identified
- Col Smith, Nellis AFB Speak with One Voice
- Multi-service effort
- AF transformation impacting operations hourly
- Need to approve use of anti-icing fluid to save
manpower and improve operational capability - Shorten the process and time required to test and
approve new deicing/anti-icing products - Clear identification of requirements by users
112004 Deicing Working Group Concerns/Challenges
Identified (cont.)
- Understanding of process implementation
- How do we capture our needs
- How do we get them considered for POM cycle
- Need standardized training program
- Insufficient motivation, no assigned skill, no
standard training requirements - Deicing equipment deficiencies and
standardization - Currently solving problems by pieces instead of
overall concept for deicing operations
122004 Deicing Working Group Concerns/Challenges
Identified (cont.)
- Moving toward commercial specs and standards
resulting in limited performance testing by
manufacturers - SAE AMS aircraft deicing fluid specs may not be
sufficient for qualification of developmental
non-propylene glycol based fluids - Market awareness need a single POC for emerging
technologies
13Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
14Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- Unexpectedly, numerous issues/concerns were
identified during the 2004 Deicing Working Group
meeting - In an effort to not lose sight of, but rather
address, those concerns an Ad Hoc Deicing Working
Group was formed - Purpose
- To establish a coordinated approach for
addressing common deicing concerns among numerous
stakeholders
15Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- Scope
- Form strategic plans
- Leverage resources
- Address operational problems/concerns
- Collect and disseminate information
- Develop and revise specs/standards
- Resolve technical issues
- Reduce environmental impact
16Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
"Under Construction"
- Diverse crossfunctional group
-
- Air Force T.O. manager for aircraft deicing
- Air Force Snow Ice Control Program operational
manager - Air Force Research Lab materials engineers
- Aeronautical Systems Center weapon systems
engineers and environmental managers - Operational/maintenance personnel
- Army (AMCOM, CRREL)
- Support contractors with deicing related
expertise - Still growing
17Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- Goals
- Review, improve and establish specifications and
standards - Identify funding sources
- Research and recommend new technology
- Create public and military-only websites
- Develop integrated infrared deicing system
- Annual deicing workshop
- Survey of deicing equipment
- Evaluate benefits of BX-36
- Promote approval of anti-icing for additional
aircraft - Develop joint effort with Army and Navy
18Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- RD Vision
- Provide the war-fighter maximum operation
envelope - Reduce environmental impact from aircraft/runway
deicing chemicals, reduce cost of operations - Assess/reduce negative impact of green deicing
chemicals on weapon systems
19Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group
- RD Goals Objectives
- Streamline deicing chemical approval process to
get available green products into use - Establish a requirement for vendor testing of
military-specific materials - Finalize draft Military Test Method Standard
(MTMS) for Deicing Materials Compatibility - Append MTMS to AMS 1424 as a military-only
requirement
20Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group RD Goals and
Objectives
- Provide material compatibility data on
available/developing deicing products to aircraft
managers for evaluation - Unique weapon system materials, such as low
observables, lubes/greases, cannon electrical
plug pins, and HVOF coatings, composites, metals,
IR windows, elastomers/sealants, carbon-carbon
brakes, electronics - New, green aircraft and runway deicing materials
21Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group RD Goals and
Objectives
- Develop new technologies aimed to reduce
environmental impact and/or deleterious effects
on weapon systems - Development/transition of green aircraft
deicing fluids - Two non-propylene glycol based aircraft deicing
fluids under evaluation - D3, Foster-Miller - Identify/develop a less corrosive green runway
deicing chemical product - Evaluate corrosivity of new commercial materials
- Transition fixed infrared (IR) aircraft deicing
facilities
22Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group RD Goals and
Objectives
- Develop new technologies aimed to reduce
environmental impact and/or deleterious effects
on weapon systems (continued) - Develop transportable nonchemical aircraft
deicing system - Develop small-scale, cost-effective transportable
deicing fluid reclamation - Investigate potential sources of integrated
infrared heating for mobile unit - Evaluate ice detection system
23Ad Hoc Deicing Working GroupAvailable Resources
- Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group website(being moved
to a Knowledge Now, Community of Practice
web-site) - General deicing information
- Deicing Policy
- Compatibility Reports
- Docs/status of deicing projects
- Calendar of Events
- POC(s) to answer environmental, technical and
policy questions
https//www.en.wpafb.af.mil/env/envv_deicing.asp
24 Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group Accomplishments
- Development of non-propylene glycol green
aircraft deicing fluids - METSS ADF-2
- Qualified to AMS 1424 (now expired)
- Did not pass field test thick, sticky residue
- Identified need to address AMS 1424 for non-PG
fluids - Battelle D3
- Qualified to AMS 1424
- Demonstrated deicing capability spray tests,
field demonstration - Problems observed - Foaming, etc.
- Plan to reformulate, certify to AMS 1424, and
field demonstrate Dec 05 Jan 06 - Foster-Miller
- Qualifying to AMS 1424
- Plan to field demonstrate Dec 05 - Jan 06
25 Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group Accomplishments
(cont.)
- Drafted Military Test Method Standard (MTMS)
- Standard for compatibility testing of deicers
with Air Force-unique aircraft materials (not in
AMS specs) - Plan to append MTMS to AMS commercial deicing
specs - Three materials compatibility test projects vs.
MTMS - PG-urea, urea, potassium acetate, sodium acetate,
sodium formate (completed 1998) - Conductivity of deicers a significant concern
- METSS ADF-2, Battelle D3, METSS RDF-2, Clariant
Safeway KF Hot, Hydro Chemicals AVIFORM (2003-4) - Additional materials low observable, etc. (in
progress)
26 Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group Accomplishments
(cont.)
- Infrared (IR) deicing technology
- Feasibility investigation of infrared heat for
aircraft deicing - Performed in McKinley Climatic Chamber, Eglin AFB
- Various aircraft components subjected to ice and
snow - Current fluid/air assist deicing truck and
prototype truck-mounted IR heater used
separately to deice components - IR unit demonstrated unacceptable rate of deicing
- Also demonstrated two ice detection technologies
27 Ad Hoc Deicing Working Group Accomplishments
(cont.)
- Infrared deicing technology (cont.)
- Infrared heater survey
- Various technologies, as well as melting
properties of ice and snow, evaluated - Results positive for potential use of energy for
deicing - Mobile, transportable, non-fluid deicing system
- Projected for FY06 Small Business Innovative
Research (SBIR) - Deicing formally listed as a need within the AF
Budget and Planning Process - Held 3-day Deicing Working Group, Mar 04
28Summary
- Much activity underway to develop ways to
mitigate/minimize environmental impacts, enhance
safety, and reduce costs - Future deicing chemicals and technologies must be
approved by Single Manager - Reduction of resources and consistent need for
capabilities means all requirements must be
clearly understood
29Questions
Mary Wyderski DSN 986-6178 Mary.Wyderski_at_wpafb.af.
mil
Maj Timothy Allmann DSN 986-5697 Timothy.Allmann_at_w
pafb.af.mil
Alexei Lozada-Ruiz DSN 785-6526 Alexei.Lozada-Ruiz
_at_wpafb.af.mil
30 BACKUP CHARTS
31AFRL/ASCDeicing RD Vision Strategy
- Maj Tim Allmann, AFRL/MLSC
32Deicing RD Projects (1)
- Revise draft Military Test Method Standard (MTMS)
for Deicing Materials Compatibility and publish
as Mil-Std - Requires chemical manufacturers to perform
materials compatibility study and provide data - Carrot of military sales will cause
manufacturers to provide info promptly - Information needed for approval by aircraft
managers provided quickly at no cost to AF - Does not fully eliminate need for AF testing
- Sensitive, classified materials (AFRL, ASC)
- Materials unique to single weapon system
(Aircraft manager) - FY06 funding needed (120K)
33Deicing RD Projects (2)
- Materials compatibility testing with LO
materials, lubes/greases, cannon electrical plug
pins, and HVOF coatings - These materials have never been tested and are
not included in MTMS - Develops test methods for these materials for
inclusion in MTMS - Provides vital data on how new chemicals (some in
use) effect high- weapon systems - Active project but some funds trapped at GSA
limit scope additional FY04, 05 or 06 funds
needed
34Deicing RD Projects (3)
- Materials compatibility testing of new Foster
Miller green aircraft deicing fluid - Best near-term environmental solution
- AF/ESTCP sponsored development
- FY06 funding (200K) needed for full scope of
materials compatibility tests - Scope of testing could be reduced with timely
completion/publication of MTMS - Product addresses priority environmental need and
should not wait on lingering MTMS - Tests not covered by MTMS would still be required
35Deicing RD Projects (4-5)
- Development/transition of green aircraft
deicing fluids (ADFs) - Battelle D3
- Most developed green ADF product
- Qualified in accordance with AMS 1424
- Field tests exhibited foaming during application
- Retest of modified product scheduled for Feb 2005
- Foster Miller
- Best near-term environmental solution
- Development is about one year behind D3
- Significant BOD reduction beyond D3
36Deicing RD Projects (6)
- Develop a less corrosive green runway deicing
chemical product - Current SERDP statement of need
- Addresses concerns about increased aircraft and
runway lighting corrosion caused by green
products currently available - Two known opportunities for AF collaboration on
industry-submitted proposals
37Deicing RD Projects (7)
- Transition fixed infrared (IR) aircraft deicing
facilities - Fixed IR deicing facilities presently in
commercial use with good results - Near zero impact to surface and ground water
- Project would include cost-benefit analysis to
determine most appropriate locations for use
38Deicing RD Projects (8)
- Develop small-scale, cost-effective transportable
deicing fluid reclamation - Identified as EDP need 2516
- Transportable system addresses needs not just for
small-scale units, but also for use in deployed
locations - No project developed to date
39Deicing RD Projects (9)
- Develop transportable non-chemical aircraft
deicing - Proposed SBIR input from ASC
- Deployable aircraft deicing unit with near zero
impact to surface and ground water - Infrared is most likely best candidate technology