Overview of FAA / Industry ASAS Applications

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Overview of FAA / Industry ASAS Applications
Randall Bone, MITRE October 6, 2003
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Outline

• Safe Flight 21
• ASAS Applications
• Safe Flight 21 Domains
• Surface
• Terminal
• Capstone
• Flight Safety
• Challenges Closing Remarks
• FAA Contacts

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Acronyms

• ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast
  
• AOC Airline Operation Center
• ARTS Automated Radar Terminal System
• ASAS Airborne Separation Assurance Systems
• ASSA Airport Surface Situational Awareness
• ASDE-X Airport Surface Detection Equipment
  Model X
• ATC Air Traffic Control
• CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information
• CEFR CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules
• CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain
• EFB Electronic Flight Bag
• ETMS Enhanced Traffic Management System
• FAA Federal Aviation Administration
• FAROA Final Approach and Runway Occupancy
  Awareness
• FIS-B Flight Information Service - Broadcast
• FMA Final Monitor Aid
• GPS Global Positioning System
• IFR Instrument Flight Rules
• MVA Minimum Vectoring Altitude

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Safe Flight 21 Program Overview

• Expedite emerging technology (GPS, ADS-B, FIS-B,
  TIS-B)
• Government and industry cooperation
• Demonstrate 9 enhancements in test beds Alaska,
  Louisville, Memphis
• Examine requirements and risks, build a little,
  test a little, deploy a little (transition to
  national airspace)

• Air-to-Ground Self-Contained
• Affordable Reduction of Controlled Flight into
  
• Terrain (CFIT)
• Surveillance Coverage in Non-Radar Airspace

• Air-to-Air
• Improved Separation Standards
• Improved Low-Visibility Approaches
• Enhanced See and Avoid
• Enhanced Operations for En Route Air-to-Air

Current Focus

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Near-Term SF-21 ASAS Applications
Enhancement ASAS Category Application Status
Improved Terminal Operations in Low Visibility SA Enhanced Visual Approach Operational
Improved Terminal Operations in Low Visibility Separation CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules Initial concept developed
Enhanced See and Avoid SA Enhanced visual acquisition of other traffic for see and avoid Operational
Enhanced See and Avoid SA Conflict Detection Operational
Enhanced En Route Air-to-Air Operations SA Pilot situational awareness beyond visual range Operational
Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot SA Final approach and runway occupancy awareness (FAROA) Initial concept and standards developed
Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot SA Airport surface situational awareness (ASSA) Initial concept and standards developed

• Applications chosen since had user interest, near
  term implementation potential, and existing, well
  defined concepts

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RTCA / EUROCAE ASAS Standards Development
(Package I)

• Joint development of ASAS application
  descriptions and functional / performance
  requirements (joint standards)

EUROCAE Unique Applications Common Applications RTCA Unique Applications
Enhanced Sequencing Merging Operations Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness on the Airport Surface CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules
Enhanced Crossing Passing Operations Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness During Flight Operations Approach Spacing for Instrument Approaches (probe analysis)
Enhanced Visual Acquisition for See Avoid Independent Closely Spaced Parallel Approaches (probe analysis)
Enhanced Successive Visual Approaches Airborne Conflict Management (probe analysis)
In-Trail Procedure in Oceanic Airspace
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Foundation For Broadcast Services Implementation
Avionics Standards
Automation

• Terminal
• CommonARTS (2004)
• STARS (2005)
• SATDS (2004/2005)
• EnRoute/Ocean
• MicroEARTS (2001)
• ERAM (2007/2008)
• ATOP (2006)
• Surface
• ASDE-X (August 2003)
• Flight Following (2002)

• Standards
• DO-272 User Requirements for Aerodrome Mapping
  October 2001
• ADS-B Minimum Aviation System Performance
  Standards (MASPS) Revision A April 2002
• Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Minimum
  Operations Performance Standard (MOPS) June 2002
• ADS-B 1090 MHz MOPS Rev A April 2003
• TIS-B MASPS April 2003
• ASA MASPS October 2003

• Air Transport Avionics
• ACSS L-3 Communications
• Transponder XS-950 Commercial
• Transponder XS-950S/I Military
• Honeywell
• CAS 67A TCAS II
• Rockwell Collins
• TDR-94/94D Mode S Transponder
• TPR-901 Mode S Transponder
• Garmin AT
• LDPU
• Transponder

• Prototype
• UPS-AT GBT (1999)
• Sensis ASDE-X (1999)

• Production
• ASDE-X (2005/2006)
• Capstone (2004)
• Standalone Ground Stations (2005)

• General Aviation Avionics
• Garmin
• GTX-330 Mode S Transponder
• Garmin AT
• MX-20
• Honeywell
• KT-73

• Airframes
• Airbus (March 2003)
• Boeing (March 2004)
• Vehicles
• Trios (2003)
• Sensis (2002)

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Architecture Building Blocks

• Moving Maps
• Traffic
• Taxi Clearance
• CDTI
• Heads Up Display

Data Link
Control Tower
Ramp Tower/AOC

• Ramp
• Taxi

Multilateration
ADS-B
TIS-B
Surface Devices
Surface Vehicles
Surface Radar
Terminal Radar
Fusion
Surveillance Source
TFM ETMS
Surface Vehicles
Terminal Automation
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Surface(Memphis, TN Test Bed)
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Surface Moving Map

• Approaching implementation
• Standards / certification guidance in place
• Map database building (78 to date 160 by 2005)
• First aircraft certification anticipated in 10/03
  on Boeing 777 EFB
• Next step ADS-B (for ASSA FAROA)

Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides Last
Line of Defense in
Solving Runway
Incursion Problem
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Vehicle Tracking

• ADS-B provides means to track vehicles and
  display to controllers via ASDE-X or pilots (for
  ASSA FAROA)
• Advisory Circular for industry standards under
  development
• Demonstration completed
• Early stages of equipping at Memphis, Louisville,
  Dallas-Fort Worth

Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides Last
Line of Defense in
Solving Runway
Incursion Problem
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Surface Traffic Management (STM)

• SF-21 focus on development of new STM tools
  leveraging new ASDE-X surface data (e.g., arrival
  / departure schedule tool)
• Provide Airlines / Service Operations Center
  displays in several airports
• Development of data distribution specification
• Define requirements for interoperability of STM
  data between Airlines / Tower / Flow Control
• First ASDE-X installation due 10/03
• Prototyped at Memphis

Leveraging FAA Investment in ASDE-X. Will Enable
New Range of Tactical / Strategic Surface
Management Applications
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Terminal(Louisville, KY Test Bed)
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Enhanced Situational Awareness

• UPS equipping with AT2000 CDTI and conducting
  enhanced situational awareness with 757 / 767
  fleet (total of 107 aircraft)
• Includes conflict detection, situational
  awareness flight, see and avoid, enhanced visual
  approach
• Metrics being collected and measured against
  baseline
• Next steps
• Implement call sign use in traffic advisory
  procedure
• UPS plans to seek approval for CDTI Enhanced
  Flight Rules (CEFR) in FY04

AT2000
CEFR Shows Potential Airline Operating Cost
Savings at 31 Benchmark Airports
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ADS-B to Air Traffic Control

• Integration Schedule

• ADS-B currently being integrated into terminal
  automation systems
• ADS-B use and depiction of equipage currently
  being defined
• STARS demo performed at Memphis showed ADS-B can
  perform PRM-like function on Final Monitor Aid
  (FMA) display

FY04
On Contract
FY06
On Contract
ADS-B Could Eliminate Need for PRM Systems and
Enable PRM-like Capability at Wider Range of
Airports
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Capstone
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Capstone Services

• ADS-B (air-to-air)
• Provides enhanced see and avoid
• ADS-B (air-to-ground)
• Enables ATC services via Anchorage Center
  (1/2001)
• TIS-B (ground-to-air)
• Completes traffic picture
• FIS-B (weather uplink)
• Provides weather awareness
• CFIT (onboard avionics)
• Provides low cost terrain avoidance
• Flight Dispatch Services
• Provides flight monitoring and asset management
  services

Future services
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Flight Safety
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Flight Safety Applications - General Aviation
Focus

• ADS-B and broadcast services
• Transition of Capstone effort to lower US
• Capstone based avionics
• Flight dispatch, weather, traffic services
• Dual strategy to implement broadcast services
  (TIS-B and FIS-B)
• Small airport infrastructure
• Establish test beds
• Establish pockets of implementation (Prescott,
  AZ/SATSLabs/East Coast)
• Leverage ASDE-X infrastructure (add broadcast
  services)
• Stimulating self equipage
• State sponsored cost shares

Directly Addresses Three Main Culprits of GA
Accidents Mid Airs, Weather, CFIT
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Future Challenges

• User buy-in / affordability / cost benefit
• Solving human factors issues (pilots
  controllers), e.g., interfaces, mixed equipage
  operations
• Global interoperability and harmonization of
  standards and procedures
• Longer term- Acceptance of changing roles
  responsibilities for pilots and controllers

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Closing Remarks

• Over past 4 years ADS-B foundation put in place
• Avionics StandardsGround InfrastructureAutomat
  ion
• Service Portfolio
• Radar like servicesEnhanced Situational
  AwarenessSurface ManagementFIS-BTIS-B
• Interest in other user pull pockets to solve
  specific needs / services

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For Further Information Contact

• Surface
• Surface Moving Maps
• Tom Prevost - tom.prevost_at_faa.gov
• Vehicle Tracking
• Robert Smith - robert.smith_at_faa.gov
• Terminal
• John Marksteiner - john.marksteiner_at_faa.gov
• Capstone
• Jim Hebert - jim.CTR.hebert_at_faa.gov
• Flight Safety
• Jim McDaniel - James.McDaniel_at_faa.gov
• Standards, International, Automation
• Gene Wong - Gene.Wong_at_faa.gov