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Rompre avec le pass

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Title: Rompre avec le pass


1
 Europes Response to the Global
Challenges Nicholas Hartley Head of Unit,
Policy and Strategy European Commission, DG
Research   Industrial Technologies  KoWi,
Brussels, 10th November 2005
2
Challenges an increasing role for EU Research
Objective Lisbon to become the most dynamic
and most competitive knowledge-based economy
within 10 years Objective Göteborg
sustainable development (environment, health,
economy, employment) Barcelona targets
1,9 ? 3,0 of GDP with 2/3 financed by private
sector towards 700.000 researchers European
Research Area (ERA) Integrating, reinforcing,
structuring RTD capacities, improving
coordination of policies, overcoming
fragmentation of efforts and stimulating
investment in RTD
3
RD European weaknesses
EU-25 US Japan
RD intensity ( of GDP) (3) 1.97 2.59 3.12
Share of RD financed by industry () (2) 55.9 63.1 73.9
Researchers per thousand labour force (FTE) (3) 5.5 9.0 9.7
Share of world scientific publications () (3) 38.3 31.1 9.6
Scientific publications per million population (3) 639 809 569
Share of world patents () (1) 31.5 34.3 26.9
Patents per million population (1) 30.5 53.1 92.6
High-tech exports as a share of total manufacturing exports () (3) 19.7 28.5 26.5
Share of world high-tech exports () (2) 16.7 20.0 10.6
Note (1) 2000 data (2) 2002 data (3) 2003 data
4
Research filling the gap Total expenditure on
RD, of GDP
Japan 3.0
USA 2.7
EU-15 1.9
5
Research and economic performance
6
Implications
Transition from a  traditional economy  based
on traditional resources to a new economy based
on knowledge The triplet  land labour -
capital  is replaced by knowledge
capital this implies moving from an economy of
quantity to an economy of quality, from an
economy of use and waste to a sustainable
economy
7
Towards new paradigms
  • Cancellation of the resource-based differences
    between competitors
  • Focus on Added Value
  • Added Value products ? high-tech products
  • Role of knowledge new factor of production

8
Industrial Transformation
  • In the globalised economy, EU industry must focus
    upon creating products with more added-value
    its a question of survival!
  • Such a transition is producing discontinuities
    in products, industries, people and approaches
  • Six main changes include moving from
  • Linearity to complexity
  • Individual to system competitiveness
  • Resource-based to knowledge-based economies
  • Macro ? micro ? nano
  • Top-down ? bottom-up production
  • Mono-disciplinarity ? interdisciplinarity ?
    convergence

9
The fundamental changes
  • OLD INDUSTRIES
  • (resource-based)
  • Compact enterprise
  • Production chain
  • Mass production
  • Quantity driven
  • Resource-intensive
  • Production driven
  • Linear approach (Taylorism in production)
  • NEW INDUSTRIES
  • (knowledge-based)
  • Extended enterprise
  • Network of suppliers
  • Focus to added value
  • Quality driven
  • Brain intensive
  • Demand driven
  • Simultaneous approach

10
Transition phase crossing Death Valley
  • Delocalisation of traditional industries towards
    areas where labour and environmental costs are
    less constraining
  • Dematerialisation of production and
    organisation
  • Novel activities and new generation of high-tech
    industries
  • Vanishing of some industries
  • The shift from labour-intensive to
    knowledge-intensive operations modifies jobs and
    skills required

11
Enterprise life curve
Turnover
Phases Conditions Finance Initial Favorable Start up Spin off Growth Adaptation Venture Cap. Business angels Developm. Optimisat. resources Cash flow Loans Critical Knowledge relevance Loans End of life Loss Debts
12
FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES
FP 2 (1986-90)
FP 1 (1983-86)
FP 3 (1990-94)
National European Globalised
oriented
Market
Supplier Market
Environment oriented
oriented customer driven
Indust. approach
Technology Market System
push pull
oriented
RTD approach
years
1983
1986 Single act
1990
1993 Maastricht
13
FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES (cont.)
FP 4 (1994-98)
FP 5 (98-02)
FP 6 (02-06)
FP 7 (07-13)
e-commerce Knowledge-based
user driven society
Market
Indust. approach
Concentration High added-value
Networking integration
Society Sustainability Radical
Converging oriented problem
innovation technologies solving
Breakthrough
RTD approach
years
1999 Euro
2000 Enlargement
1997 Amsterdam
2007.. Lisbon
14
DISCIPLINES
CONVERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
MONO
MULTI
INTER
TRANS
15
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • Overall objective improve the competitiveness
    of EU industry (including SMEs) and ensure its
    transformation through
  • the effective transition from a resource-based to
    knowledge-based industry
  • generation of new breakthrough, applicable,
    knowledge
  • strengthening EU leadership in nano, materials
    and production technologies
  • emphasis on integrating different technologies
    and disciplines across many sectors
  • Importance of Technology Platforms to help
    establish common research priorities and targets

16
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • Four activities
  • Nanosciences and nanotechnologies
  • Materials
  • New production
  • Integration of technologies for industrial
    applications
  • good continuity with  NMP  activities in
    FP 6

17
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • Nanosciences and nanotechnologies
  • Objective increase and support the take up of
    knowledge generated in this revolutionary field
    for all industrial sectors
  • Topics include interface and size dependent
    phenomena materials properties at nano-scale
    self assembly metrology new concepts and
    approaches impacts on health and safety
    convergence of emerging technologies

18
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • Materials
  • Objective generate new knowledge to enable new
    industrial products and processes to be achieved,
    exploiting the potential of interdisciplinary
    approaches in materials research.
  • Topics include high performance, sustainable
    and knowledge-based materials design and
    simulation nano-, bio- and hybrid materials and
    their processing chemical technologies and
    materials processing industries

19
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • New production
  • Objective create continuously innovating
    production capabilities to achieve leadership in
    industrial products processes in the global
    marketplace.
  • Topics include Knowledge-intensive production
    new paradigms for emerging industrial needs
    adaptive, networked and knowledge-based
    production convergence of technologies for next
    generation of high value-added products (nano,
    bio, info, cognitive..)

20
FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies
  • Integration of technologies for industrial
    applications
  • Objective accelerate the rate of industrial
    transformation by exploiting the application
    potential of new generic technologies.
  • Topics include Integration of nano, materials
    and production technologies in sectoral and
    cross-sectoral applications (e.g. health,
    construction, transport, energy, chemistry,
    environment, textiles clothing, pulp paper,
    mechanical engineering,)

21
The strategic importance of nano
  • Nano-sciences and technologies offer
  • Great challenges to the scientific community in
    terms of scientific, educational, and
    organisational multi-disciplinarity, i.e.
     CONVERGING  of technologies
  • Potential for innovation and applications in
    many areas
  • Economic opportunities in many sectors

22
Some Perspectives
  • Nanotechnology, as a new market, does not exist
    but there is a value chain e.g. from
    nanomaterials, to intermediate components and
    finished products
  • In 2004, 13 billion worth of products
    incorporates emerging nanotechnology, equivalent
    to lt0.1 of manufacturing output (Lux Research)
  • In 2014, it is expected that this figure will
    rise to 2.6 trillion as nanotechnologies spreads
    across many sectors, 15 of manufacturing output
    (ibid)
  • Europe needs to be at the forefront and ensure
    that it has the knowledge and capacity to benefit
    from this revolution

23
Which role/implications for EU academic community?
Education - Multidisciplinarity Research -
Knowledge creation (increase basic
research and focus on
driver/converging technologies) Innovation
- Development of new relationships with
finance Spreading of knowledge/popularisati
on - Increase credibility dialogue
ScienceSociety Governance - Contribute to
the transition Local development - Increase in
knowledge use/application locally
24
and for industry?
  • FOCUS - Core business
  • - Added Value
  • - Miniaturization/security
  • REDEFINITION - Global
  • of ROLE - Niche
  • - Supplier
  • - Assembling
  • ORGANISATION - New production
    paradigms
  • - Global organisation
  • - Flexible logistics
  • - Assembling relevance
  • - Knowledge integration
  • - New professional skills
  • NEW - Academia
  • RELATIONSHIPS - Finance

25
Information
  • EU research http//europa.eu.int/comm/research
  • Seventh Framework Programme and SPs
    http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/future/index_en
    .cfm
  • Information on research programmes and projects
  • http//www.cordis.lu
  • RTD info magazine
  • http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/rtdinfo/
  • NMP Industrial Research Magazine
    http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/industrial_tech
    nologies/lists/magazine_en.html
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