Waste Tags

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Phone [phone] Fax [phone] www.oehs.way
ne.edu
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Laws affecting Laboratories

• OSHA Laboratory Standard
• OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
• Substance - specific standards

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OSHA Occupational Exposures to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories Standard(29CFR1910.1450
)

• Scope and Application Applies to laboratories
  workplace where relatively small quantities of
  chemicals are used on non-production basis
  Employers are required to
• Monitor exposures to regulated hazardous
  chemicals
• Provide Information and Training
• Prepare, implement and maintain a written
  Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)
• Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Hazard Identification
• Provide for medical consultations\exams
• Recordkeeping

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Chemical Hygiene Plan

• What is a Chemical Hygiene Plan?
• WSUs policy for the OSHA Lab Std.
• Copy should be available in lab
• also at www.oehs.wayne.edu
• Why is important to you?
• Contains information on your
• safety and rights.

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Generic Standard Operating Procedures (common
sense dos and donts)

• Developed by OEHS
• Included in the Chemical Hygiene Plan
• Examples
• Chemical storage
• Using compressed gases
• Emergency response

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Specific Standard Operating Procedures

• Lab staff write them Specific to experiments
• No required format
• Required content
• hazard controls
• personal protective equipment
• health safety information
• decontamination, waste disposal, etc.
• Template available at OEHS website

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Working with Compounds of Unknown Toxicity

• These are chemicals for which there are no known
  statistically significant studies to establish
  toxicity
• use a designated work area
• isolate items used there
• decontaminate when work
• is completed
• use local exhaust ventilation
• use appropriate PPE
• wash hands often

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Where to find information on Chemical Hazards

• Where do you look to find information on new
  chemicals BEFORE you use them?
• Merck Index
• Aldrich Catalog
• Prudent Practices in the Laboratory
• Saxs Dangerous Properties of Industrial
  Materials
• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

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Material Safety Data SheetsMSDSs

• MSDS provide you with
• Chemical and physical properties
• Health and physical hazards
• Toxicity information
• Compatibility/Incompatibility
• Spill and fire response
• Personal protective equipment
• And much more...

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How do I get a MSDS?

• OEHS maintains complete database
• Manufacturer sends MSDSs to OEHS - they will
  usually send you one if requested
• Manufacturers Web Site
• Various Health Safety Web Sites
• If you receive a MSDS for a chemical in your lab,
  you must keep it on file.

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Control Measures

• Protective Equipment
• Safety Equipment
• safety showers, eyewashes, fire extinguishers,
  first aid kits, explosion-proof refrigerators
• Lab Maintenance and Inspection
• safety inspections, fumehood condition, chemical
  storage, good housekeeping

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Whats wrong here?
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Keep the fumehood sash in the proper place at
the yellow arrow.
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Chemical Fume Hoods Protect you from chemical
exposures!
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Chemical Fume Hood Use

• Set sash at correct height
• Wear PPE
• Work towards middle of hood
• Keep hood uncluttered

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Chemical Fume Hood Use

• Its important not to block air flow in the fume
  hood.
• Large equipment placed in a fume hood, should be
  on blocks or racks to allow air flow under the
  equipment.

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• Excess storage and clutter may affect the
  performance of the hood and increase the risk of
  spills and other accidents.

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Biological safety cabinetsprotect you and your
research. They should be certified annually by
OEHS.
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Safety Equipment

• Showers checked by bldg. Engineer
• Flush eyewashes weekly

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• Access to emergency equipment is essential.
• Check to ensure that equipment is not blocked.

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Fire Extinguishers

• Know where fire extinguishers are located!
• should be mounted on wall
• checked by Office of Risk Management 7-3110
• Replaced or repaired by FPM 7-4315

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Is it appropriate for work
• you are doing?
• Gloves
• Eye Protection
• Labcoats, aprons, scrubs
• No shorts or open-toed shoes

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Gloves

• select gloves appropriate
• for the task
• check gloves for leaks
• double glove if necessary
• be alert to unusual sensations in hands
• do not touch your face, telephone, etc with
  contaminated gloves
• remove gloves before leaving lab

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Wear lab coat, gloves, eye protection when
working with chemicals!

• Remove your gloves and WASH YOUR HANDS before
  leaving the laboratory.

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Glass cuts are the 1 injury reported in labs.
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Safety Glassesmust be worn in any area where
there is the potential for eye injury

• Eye protection used must be ANSI approved (Z87
  stamped on the sidebar)
• Must be appropriate for the hazard
• If prescription glasses are not ANSI approved,
  you must wear safety glasses, safety goggles or a
  full face shield over them

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No eating, drinking, etc in labs
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No eating/drinking in labs

• Areas outside of the lab must be designated for
  food and drinks to be stored and eaten.

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• Signs Labels

• Custom Lab Signs available from OEHS

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Label Chemical Storage Areas according to the
hazard!
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Chemical Labels

• Lab Standard does not specify labeling language,
  but, all lab employees must know what the label
  means and be able to refer to the appropriate
  MSDS.
• Rules for hazardous waste labeling are more
  restrictive as youll learn later on.

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• All chemicals, even bottles of water, must be
  labeled!

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Keep labels intact!
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Secure cylinders properly this isnt the right
way!
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These cylinders areproperly secured
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Chemical Storage

• Liquid chemicals should be stored by class
• flammables
• organic acids
• mineral acids
• bases
• oxidizers
• carcinogens/highly toxic reagents
• Where storage space is limited, separation using
  plastic tubs is acceptable.

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Separate Incompatible Chemicals!

• Acids away from bases,
• flammable solvents, oxidizers
• Cyanides separate from acids
• Water reactives keep separate
• Flammables with very low
• flashpoints store in an
• explosion proof refrigerator
• Peroxidizables date when
• opened, dispose of when expired
• (ethers, tetrahydrafuran, dioxane)

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• If total quantity of flammable liquids exceeds
  10 gallons
• these materials must be stored in a flammable
  storage cabinet.

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• Dry chemicals may be stored alphabetically or in
  any convenient manner.
• For all chemicals
• Keep on hand only the amounts that you have room
  to store properly.

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Hazardous Waste Emergency Proceduresfor
LaboratoriesWSU Office of EnvironmentalHealth
Safetywww.oehs.wayne.edu
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Hazardous Waste Emergency Response Laws for Labs

• Hazardous waste generators (this means you!) must
  comply with
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
• Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA)
• Michigan Department of
• Environmental Quality (MDEQ)
• Department of Transportation
• (DOT)

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• Submit all requests for hazardous waste disposal
  and empty containers on-line
• Chemical
• Biological
• Radioactive
• www.oehs.wayne.edu

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Laboratory Hazardous Waste Collection Procedures
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Satellite Accumulation Pointsareas where
hazardous wastes arecollected or stored

• Located at or site of generation (lab).
• Allowed to accumulate up to 55 gallons of
  hazardous waste or 1 quart of acutely hazardous
  waste.

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Waste Collection Instructions3 golden rules

• PROPERLY TAG AND LABEL WASTE AS SOON AS A NEW
  CONTAINER IS BEGUN.
• KEEP WASTE CONTAINERS CLOSED WHEN NOT ADDING
  WASTE TO THEM.
• STORE LIQUID WASTE CONTAINERS IN SECONDARY
  CONTAINERS AT ALL TIMES!

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What is Hazardous Waste?

• Spent organic solvents
• Most wash solutions
• Most metals and solutions of metal salts
• Mixtures of non-hazardous waste with a hazardous
  waste
• Any waste which meets the EPA characteristics of
  a hazardous waste
• IGNITABLE, CORROSIVE, REACTIVE, TOXIC

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Segregate Waste Properly

• Liquid waste should be separated into the
  following categories
• Acids
• Bases
• Halogenated organic solvents
• Non-halogenated organic solvents
• Trans. heavy metals (aqueous solutions of Hg,
  Ag, etc.)
• Air reactives
• Water reactives
• Cyanides and sulfides

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Whats wrong here?
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Chemical Waste Storage

• Use the proper containers
• 5 gallon plastic carboys (from OEHS)
• triple-rinsed used chemical bottles

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Chemical Waste Storage

• Store waste in safe, out of the way locations.
• Fumehood are work areas. Only store waste in a
  hood if it is not used for experiments.

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Remove funnels and keep containers closed except
when adding waste!
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Secondary Containers

• To catch spills / leaks of hazardous liquids.
• Contact OEHS for info on purchasing gray bins

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Sinks are NOT secondary containers!
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Label all hazardous wastes!

• ATTACH WASTE TAG and record contents when first
  waste is added to container.
• Write clearly in ballpoint pen not marker.
• Do not separate copies.

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Hazardous Chemical Waste Tags

• Write COMPLETE NAMES of all chemicals.
• this includes water
• (do not write H20)

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Waste tags must be clear legible!Replace or
write over tags if necessary.
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Hazardous Solid Collection

• Plastic pails available from OEHS
• Solids must be labeled and closed.
• Not required to be in secondary containers.

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Watch for potential problem chemicals

• Peroxidizables ethers, dioxanes, tetrahydrofuran
  
• absorb react with O2 - become potentially
  explosive over time.
• label w/ date received opened
• use up or dispose by expiration date
• Picric Acid explosive when dry, must be kept in
  solution

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Uncontaminated Waste Glass Plastic Disposal

• Make sure boxes arent overflowing, messy, too
  heavy or easily broken open!

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Uncontaminated Waste Glass Plastic Disposal

• Only uncontaminated or decontaminated glass
  plastic can go into boxes. Line box with trash
  bag.
• Boxes should be sturdy and in good condition.

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Uncontaminated Waste Glass Plastic Disposal

• Keep weight below 25-30 lbs.
• Tape boxes closed securely when full
• Label waste glass or broken glass.

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Needles, razor blades, lancets, etc. NEVER go in
trash bags or boxesONLY in SHARPS containers!
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DO NOT RECAP NEEDLES!
Correct SHARPS Disposal Free containers from OEHS
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EPA College University Fines

• March 2005 Plymouth State Univ., N.H. 171,050
  EPA fine for improper marking storage of haz
  waste.
• Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 45,000 EPA
  fine for unsafe handling storage of waste.
• 2000 University of Hawaii 1.7
  million EPA fine for unsafe storage and 3
  explosions on campus.

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What to do in an emergency?!
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April 2005 Ohio State Lab Fire
Grad students were loading 10-12 bottles of
hexane onto lab shelves when a shelf collapsed.
Over 40 gallons of hexane were present in the lab.
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• Ignition could have been static electricity, or a
  spark from a motor or switch.
• 84 firefighters responded, initially using water,
  then dry powder, finally chemical foam to put out
  the fire.
• If the PI wasnt able to inform them of what was
  in the lab, they may have had to let it burn.
• Student treated for cuts and several firefighters
  for smoke inhalation.
• Two labs damaged, research destroyed, over
  200,000 in damage.

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Oxidizer Solvent Explosion(not at WSU)

• This early morning explosion in the cabinet
  under a fumehood is believed to be the result of
  nitric acid (an oxidizer) and an organic solvent
  being mixed in a closed container. Luckily, no
  one was standing in front of the hood when it
  occured.

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If you have any doubt about whether a spill can
be safely cleaned up by staff in the lab, get
help

• Confine the area close doors.
• Always evacuate when a fire alarm is going off.
• Exit building by stairs not elevator.

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Nov. 2006 Explosion at University of Kentucky
lab sends 7 to the hospital

• A minor explosion occurred in a UK engineering
  lab when a student poured nitric acid into a
  waste container. The acid reacted with another
  substance already in the container.
• The student was treated for cuts and minor
  injuries. Six other people were examined in the
  emergency room.
• The incident resulted in closure of the seventh
  floor of the building for part of the day, and
  closure of the lab for the weekend.
• Source The Associated Press

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Lab Door Signs

• Notifies public and emergency responders about
  the hazards present in the room.
• Be sure to fill in emergency contact names
  numbers!
• Contact OEHS for a sign 577-1200

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OEHS Hazmat Response Team provides safe proper
clean-up of hazardous materials spills releases.
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Minor Chemical Spills

• Use common sense minor spills
• do not spread rapidly
• do not endanger people or property except by
  direct contact
• do not endanger environment
• Consider
• amount spilled
• hazards of chemical
• do you have proper materials
• to clean up ?

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Cleaning up a minor spill...

• Wear gloves, eye protection, lab coat
• Prevent spread of liquid / vapors
• Absorb with spill pads, towels, etc.
• Neutralize acids and bases
• Clean area with soap water
• Decontaminate area
• Label contaminated materials and
• notify OEHS for disposal

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Prevent Chemical Spills

• Store chemicals on sturdy
• shelves, away from edge,
• on shelves w/ lips
• Reduce clutter, eliminate
• trip hazards/obstructions

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Prevent Chemical Spills!

• Bottle is full, open, and sitting at the edge of
  the bench.

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Transport chemicals in carts with sides or in
secondary containers.
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Put chemicals away in proper storage areas!
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Whats wrong?
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Store flammables in correct cabinets
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Store corrosives in correct cabinets
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Store toxic chemicals in properly labeled storage
areas
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Segregate chemicals according to hazard class /
compatibility
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Mercury Spills

• ALWAYS Report mercury spills to OEHS.
• Do not clean up or dispose
• of mercury on your own.
• Prevent spreading
• contamination.
• Isolate the area and
• call for assistance at 577-1200

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Wear your personal Protective Equipment(PPE)
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Wear your lab coat!
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Wear Your Gloves!!
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Wear Your Eye Protection!!
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Remove PPE when leaving the lab
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Questions?

• Office of Environmental Health Safety
• 5425 Woodward, Suite 300
• Detroit, MI 48202
• 313.577.1200
• www.oehs.wayne.edu