Guest lecture at UNIK Challenges for the Mobile Operator

1
Guest lecture at UNIKChallenges for the Mobile
Operator

• Josef Noll
• Telenor RD, Norway
• Research Manager
• josef.noll_at_telenor.com

2
Challenges for the mobile operator

• New radio technologies ? traffic vanishes into
  private networks
• Services in WLAN/Bluetooth bands ? reduces
  traffic in mobile network, e.g. BTs Bluephone
• IP telephony ? will press the price down
• Mobile Instant Messenger ? reduces SMS/MMS
  income

Today identify the challenges
3
Other/open access networks

• New radio technologies ? traffic vanishes into
  private networks
• Services in WLAN/Bluetooth bands ? reduces
  traffic in mobile network, e.g. BTs Bluephone
• Expensive Mobile Network
• No way out
• Use the phone as authentication tool
• Move higher up in the value chain

4
Service development
Mobile telephony
5
Radio principles

• Noise Interference (e.g. multi-path) cause
• Delay constraint, Delay jitter, Bit error rate
• Bandwidth / throughput
• Availability, Reliability, Precedence (priority)
  and service interruptions
• Limited cell capacity, e.g. UMTS 700 kbit/s 1
  Mbit/s

• C Capacity kbit/s
• P Signal Power
• W Bandwidth
• N0 Noise

6
Expensive indoor coverage
UMTS download
WLAN, Bluetoothdownload
?wall 15-25 dB (UMTS)? range reduction to 1/3
7
Future world multiple access
LMDS, DVB, DAB, WLL
SAT broadcast
GSM/GPRS, UMTS, 802.11, .16, .20, DECT
802.11, UWB DECT,BluetoothFireWire
DVB, FireWire
ISDN, xDSLfibre
CATV, el. power
8
PAN/LAN characteristics

• ISM band 2.4 2.485 GHz
• 802.11 DSSS or FHSS, 2 Mbit/s
• 802.11b (WiFi) DSSS, 3 channels (26 MHz), 11, 5,
  2 Mbit/s
• 802.11g OFDM up to 22 Mbit/s
• Bluetooth 1 MHz channels FHSS, max 700 kbit/s
• HomeRF ( DECT data), - FHSS from 802.11- DECT
  voice (TDMA)
• ----------- not decided --------------
• 802.16 Broadband wireless
• 802.20 Flash OFDM

• License exempt band
• 5 GHz (5,15-5,35 5,47-5,725)
• 802.11a OFDM, max 54 Mbit/s(not Europe)
• Europe (ERC 1999) - DFS and TPC required
• Hiperlan/2 OFDM, QoS max 54 Mbit/s
• 802.11h 802.11a DFS, TPC
• ----------- both ----------------------
• 802.11d signal exchange between access points
• 802.11e QoS control
• 802.11i PKI security support

9
Optimise accessEnable the Open Access Network
Open access network
GSM/GPRS

Subscribersfixed lines
Millions of fixed lines function asfeeder lines
for open pico-base stations
Personalised and broadband services
Supported by seamless authentication based on
the Mobile Phone
10
Research challenges

• Understand radio characteristics of different
  access systems
• Mobile operator has no time, just buys systems
• Development cycle is much shorter
• Standardisation versus ad-hoc
• Interworking between radio systems
• Dedicated application layer?
• Pilot channel for all systems?
• Public system based on private xDSL access
• BT Bluephone, WiFi phone
• Open access challenges
• Broadband services in home network

11
Provide appropriate security infrastructure
UMTS security radio encryptionWLAN 802.11i,
WPA, EAP/SIM
12
WLAN 802.11 security

• EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol, uses
  802.1x for sub-protocolls
• EAP/TLS user and network can cross identify
  (difficult with many users)
• EAP/LEAP Cisco proprietary standard
• EAP/PEAP username/passwd based authentication
• EAP/SIM GSM or SmartCard for authentication

• WEB Wireless Equivalency Privacy (easy to get)
• TKIP Temporal Key Integrity, WEB key packing
  and encryption
• WPA wireless protected access, WiFi alliance
  for TKIP distrib, standard from 1.1.2004
• AES, next generation standard encryption
  replaces DES i USA, foreseen for 802.11i
• WPA2, WPA with AES
• 802.1x port based access control
• 802.11i uses AES as advanced WEB for encrypted
  connection

13
The Mobile takes it all
SIM with RFID PKI
14
Four-in-one Your mobile integrates them all
Patent pending
15
The mobile is the key
Seamless authentication
16
Research challenges

• Understand security of different access systems
• Access versus application security
• Application (scenario) based security
  infrastructure
• Identify security requirements for scenarios
• Establish global security, e.g. PKI
  authorisation

17
Challenges for the mobile operator

• IP telephony ? will press the price down
• Enabling Easy interfaces for "Mobile
  Communications" (that's what we are best in)
• Integrate Calendar, Contacts Call/SMS/IM
  functionality. "My phone is easier to handle than
  an IP phone".
• Have desktop pages on the phone with automatic
  update according to functionality.
• Integrate the phone on the PC. If PC in
  vicinity, the phone authenticates, and defines
  the contacts/contact list.

18
Mobile Instant Messenger challenges

• Mobile Instant Messenger ? reduces SMS/MMS
  income
• Use IM as basis for operator services
• Enhance Phone with presence information
• Enabling access to corporate data on the mobile.
  Items security compatibility
• Enter the vertical market with dedicated program
  packages, e.g. Police reporting on the mobile
  phone

19
Conclusions

• The last time we were connected by a wire was at
  birth! Motorola
• No cable, thats the challenge
• Various radio systems GSM, UMTS WLAN,
  Bluetooth, DVB,
• Limitations battery, integration
• High data rates through close range
  communications (inhouse)
• Provide seamless login and security through SIM,
  keep the customer