The role of suppliers of testing and measuring equipment related to LVD

1
The role of suppliers of testing and measuring
equipment related to LVD

• František Jelínek
• Czech Metrology Institute

2
introduction

• Objective of this presentation is to point out
  the complex of administrative and technical
  issues which, as an integral system, can only
  ensure that electrical equipment will be safely
  operated during its technical life.
• In this sense we go beyond the problems of
  placement of products on the market and beyond
  technical requirements for products.

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outline

• regulations and involved bodies
• LVD implementation by the manufacturer of el.
  appliances
• LVD implementation by the manufacturer of
  measuring instruments
• market surveillance, examples of findings
• conclusions

next - regulations
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LVD requirements

• Member States shall take all appropriate
  measures to ensure that electrical equipment
  may be placed on the market only if, having
  been constructed in accordance with good
  engineering practice in safety matters, it
  does not endanger the safety of persons,
  domestic animals or property when properly
  installed and maintained and used in applications
  for which it was made. Principal technical
  requirements are also stated.

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safety imperative

• safety of products
• - technical requirements
• testing and measurement
• market surveillance
• safety of power distribution installations
• - technical requirements
• - testing and measurement
• - inspection
• safety at work safe operation
• - legal requirements
• - training
• - official examination

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safety imperative
product
operation
installation
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web of regulations
Law other binding official acts activities andinvolved bodies
Labour Law Ordinance on the qualification in electrical technology training, inspection, Czech authority of safety at work
Law on the State surveillance on safety at work Ordinance on the qualification in electrical technology training, inspection, Czech authority of safety at work
Law on general safety of products testing. inspection authorized inspectors, building authorities
Civil engineering law testing. inspection authorized inspectors, building authorities
Law on technical requirements for products implemented LVD and EMC directives (and others) conformity assessmentCzech Office for Standards, Metrology and testing, economic operators
Law on metrology ordinances on technical requirements traceability issues Czech Metrology Institute,acredited laboratories
Law on trade inspection Law on consumer protection market surveillance, Czech Trade Inspection
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web of regulations
Law other binding official acts activities andinvolved bodies
Labour Law Ordinance on the qualification in electrical technology training, inspection, Czech authority of safety at work
Law on the State surveillance on safety at work Ordinance on the qualification in electrical technology training, inspection, Czech authority of safety at work
safe professional work, engineering, service,
reparation
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web of regulations
Law other binding official acts activities andinvolved bodies
Law on general safety of products Civil engineering law testing. inspection authorized inspectors, building authorities
safe electrical installations
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inspection
The Institute of Technical Inspection
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web of regulations
Law other binding official acts activities andinvolved bodies
Law on technical requirements for products implemented LVD and EMC directive Conformity assessmentCOSMT, economic operators
Law on trade inspection Law on consumer protection market surveillance, Czech Trade Inspection
safe products, electrical equipment
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management, C O S M T
Czech Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing
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standardization

• activities are focused mainly on
• the development of Czech technical standards
• the publication and distribution of standards
• provision of information relating to technical
  standards
• cooperation with non-governmental and European
  standardization organizations

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market surveillance
64/1986Sb.- Czech Trade Inspection
634/1992 Sb.- Consumer Protection
71/1967 Sb.- Administrative Proceedings
552/1991 Sb.- State Supervision
102/2001 Sb.- General Safety of Products
22/1997 Sb.- Tech. Requirements for Products
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web of regulations
Law other binding official acts activities andinvolved bodies
Law on metrology ordinances on technical requirements traceability issues, Czech Metrology Institute,
infrastructure of measurement and testing
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metrology
source of traceability, calibration sevice
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accreditation

• Czech Accreditation Institute
• Public Service Company
• National Accreditation Body
• Member of international organisations (EA, ILAC,
  IAF) and signatory of the multilateral agreements
  of EA (European level), ILAC and IAF (world level)

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accreditation

• Accreditation of (among others)
• Testing laboratories (EN ISO/IEC 17025, EN ISO
  15189)
• Calibration laboratories (EN ISO/IEC 17025)
• Certification bodies for certification of quality
  management systems and occupational health and
  safety management system (EN 45012)
• Certification bodies for certification of
  products (EN 45011)
• Certification bodies for certification of
  personnel (EN ISO/IEC 17024)
• Inspection bodies (EN 45004)

next LVD impl.
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LVD manufacturer
Two directives,73/23/EEC (LVD)and89/336/EEC
(EMC)are applicable
Manufacturer one of the CMI INCOLAB partners
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declaration of conformity
list of harmonized standards
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used documents
a) Description (vacuum cleaner Type 3454 was
selected as an example) b) EC Declaration of
conformity c) CCA certificate No.CCA-CZ-461, ETI
d) VDE-Zeichengenehmigungsausweis No.40009790,
VDE-Institute, Germany e) Company QS certificate
ISO 9001 f) Operating instructions (Czech,
German, English). g) Test reports as well as
complete technical documents are stored in the
company library.
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partial conclusions

• the manufacturer works in compliance with the
  Czech regulations, it means also with LVD and EMC
  directives adequate testing and metrological
  services are availablecompleted interview has
  documented high level of knowledge in the field
  at different levels of company management
• marketing and sales positive impact, skill
  dissemination
• design and production
• testing laboratory
• no problems concerning LVD were identified

next meas. instr.
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LVD, safety measuring instruments
METRA a.s. Blansko
instrumentation for the revision of electrical
equipment, clamp-on instruments, tachographs and
control systems
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LVD, safety measuring instruments
METRA a.s. Blansko
80 years history of production
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example of the instrument

• typical example of LVD application and supporting
  instrument for broad LVD applications
• PU 194 DELTA instrument for electrical devices
  (appliances) revision.

LVD implemented and supported
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scope of measurements
mains voltage ULN
insulation resistance RISO
resistance of protective conductor RPE
contact current IF
protective conductor current IPE
leakage current IO
dif. current I?
consumption current IN
effective input power P
apparent input power S
power factor cos f
revolutions
temperature t
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extr. of declaration of conformity

• PU 194 DELTA and PU 194 DELTA 10A instruments
  for electrical devices revision,
• meet in full requirements of the following
  standards
• Safety EN 61010 - 1
• Electromagnetic compatibility EN 61326 1
• The conformity evaluation is supported by the
  Technical Specification fileNo. TPZ 700/014
  stored at the manufacturer
• CE mark is placed on the product since 2002

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partial conclusions

• METRA operates its own testing laboratory as well
  as metrological centre. Ambient conditions and
  layout of laboratories comply with highest
  requirements.
• Working standards are traceable to those of the
  Czech Metrology Institute.
• EMC tests are conducted by subcontractor,
  accredited laboratory.
• Staff of the QA department maintains good
  relations and exchange of experience with other
  players in the in institutional triangle
  (particularly with the Czech Metrology Institute
  and Czech Institute for Accreditation).

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ILLKO, s.r.o.
production and sale of instruments and testing
devices in the field of electrical safety
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example of the instrument
PC compatible, memory for 1000 appliances,
complete scope of measured quantities for
revisions according to the standard CSN
332000-6-61 Rules for electrical equipment. Part
6. Revision. Procedures for the initial revision
LVD implemented and supported
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partial conclusions

• All products of the ILLKO company comply with the
  LVD and EMC directives. It is documented by
  declarations of conformity according to the Law
  on technical requirements No. 22/1997 and
  relevant Government Orders. Declarations give the
  list of used harmonized standards for both LVD
  and EMC directives.
• Company provides trainings not only for users of
  its products but also for electrical revision
  engineers. It participates at specialized fairs
  and workshops. Marketing and training support the
  general awareness of LVD directive and its
  requirements.

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partial conclusions

• Not only the production of necessary
  instrumentation
• but also
• important support of the general awareness of LVD
  directive and its requirements.

next market s.
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market surveillance

• Market surveillance plays a very important role
  related to the safety of products. Several
  occurrences of very simple nonconformities show
  how the user of electrical appliances could be
  suffered from wrong products.
• (No product, mentioned below, was of the Czech
  origin).

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nonconformities, example

• Risk of electric shock was caused by
  insufficient temperature-resistance of the
  product during its work.
• According to the results of the tests
  conducted by the accredited laboratory, the surge
  protector has not complied with the standard EN
  609502000 regarding the temperature-resistance
  of thermoplastic parts of the product.

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nonconformities, example

• Hand-held electric lamp is powered from the
  internal accumulator, connected to the built-in
  charging power supply. Connection to the mains is
  made by 2-pole plug. Results of tests identified
  the risk of electrical shock from following
  reasons (CSN EN 60335-1, CSN EN 60335-2-29)
• Testing finger can contact metallic bulb socket
  (under full voltage)
• Some parts of the lamp do not have sufficient
  insulation
• Leakage current is 60 mA ( limit 0,25 mA ! )
• Voltage breakdown occurred by 300 V (limit 3 750
  V !)

next conclusions
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conclusions - products

• The role of involved bodies in implementing
  technical EU directives is very varied. It was
  shown that safe use of electrical appliances
  requires not only compliance with technical
  directives applied at the phase of production and
  placing products on the market but also
  consistent supervision of their condition,
  systematic market surveillance and sufficient
  users awareness of risks as well as skill of
  service technicians.

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conclusions - installations

• Also design, construction and periodic revision
  of electrical installations are of substantial
  importance. The proper functioning of
  metrological and testing infrastructure for such
  purpose is also necessary. This situation is
  reflected in regulations covering all the fields
  of interest and creating robust base of user and
  customer protection as far as electrical
  equipment is concerned.

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conclusions - operation

• important safety issue is also inspection of the
  appliances and tools at workplace, training and
  examination of the skill of technicians and, of
  course, sufficient users awareness of risks,
  gained through education, precise operating
  instructions, popularization campaignes etc.

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conclusions meas. equipment

• It was shown that manufacturers of measuring
  instruments can significantly contribute to the
  best practice on testing of electrical appliances
  according to harmonized standards in the
  framework of LVD sphere. They play important role
  also in testing and revision of electrical
  installations and, last but not least, in
  dissemination of technical skill and knowledge.

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conclusions results
low relative number of accidents caused by
electrical equipment
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