ANTIVIRAL AGENTS FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT ON INFLUENZA

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ANTIVIRAL AGENTS FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
ON INFLUENZA
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Preventing and reducing the impact of influenza

• Good personal hygiene good etiquette when
  coughing and sneezing, hand washing
• Protecting others by reducing exposure staying
  at home when ill, reducing workplace contact,
  etc.
• Annual vaccination
• Antiviral agents for prevention and treatment

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Antivirals for influenza Principles of use

• Vaccination is the primary method for the
  prevention of influenza
• Antivirals are useful for treatment of influenza
  and as a secondary means of preventing influenza
• Antivirals should be used where they have the
  greatest benefit
• Antivirals should be used responsibly in order to
  minimise the risk of emergence of drug resistance
• It is important that there is adequate
  availability of antivirals when required,
  including stockpiling for pandemic use

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Influenza surface proteins
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Antiviral agents for influenzatwo classes of
drugs

• Matrix protein (M2) inhibitors
• amantadine and rimantadine
• inhibit virus coating
• influenza A only
• Neuraminidase inhibitors
• oseltamivir and zanamivir
• inhibit release of virus from infected cells
• active against all known strains of influenza

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Antiviral agents for influenza
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Antiviral drugs for influenza

• They may be used to treat influenza but they
  should be given within 48 hours of developing
  symptoms.
• They act by decreasing the severity of illness
  and decreasing the duration of illness.
• An adjunct to influenza vaccine for controlling
  and preventing influenza but not a substitute for
  vaccination.
• Not effective in preventing or treating serious
  influenza-related complications (e.g. bacterial
  or viral pneumonia or exacerbation of chronic
  diseases).

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M2 inhibitors Mechanism
H
H
H
H
X

• M2 channel allows acidification
• of virus
• Initiates uncoating of viral RNA
• Allows viral replication
• M2 inhibitors block this action

M2 inhibitors
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By courtesy of APACIAsia-Pacific Advisory
Committee on influenzawww.apaci-flu.com