A long-term strategy for NFMA activities in Asia and the Pacific

1
A long-term strategy for NFMA activitiesin Asia
and the Pacific

• FAO
• Kim, Hyung-Kwang

2
THE WORLDS FORESTS
30
OF TOTAL LAND AREA
4,000,000,000 ha
3
THE WORLDS FORESTS
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
CANADA
USA
5 COUNTRIES 50
CHINA
BRAZIL
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
THE WORLDS FORESTS
7
1. Background information

• The land area of Asia the Pacific
• ? 19 of the
  world
• Forests wooded land
• ? 1/3 of Asia the
  Pacific
• Forest area (2005) 734 million ha
• ? 19 of global forest
  area
• - Net increase in forest area (20002005)
  
• ? 633,000ha (annually)
• ? Due to an increase of above 4million ha
  per year in China

8

• - However, most other countries net loss
• - Especially, Southeast Asia largest decline
  
• ? 2.8million ha/year
• - The greatest forest loss Indonesia
• ? almost 1.9million
  ha/year
• - Followed by Myanmar, Cambodia, the
• Philippines, Malaysia, North Korea etc.
• - During the first 5 years of the 21C
• several countries lost more than 1.5 /year
• ? the highest rate in
  the world

9
2. Requirements to reduce deforestation and
degradation

• Strengthening forest policies
• Providing adequate financial resources
• Supporting institutional and technical
• capacity-building
• Strengthening the information and databases
• on forest and tree resources etc.

10
3. The criteria for priority country
selection

• Countries with large forest area
• ? countries with a major portion of total
  land area
• Countries with serious deforestation and
  degradation
• Countries with significant growing stock
• ? the possibility of a big carbon sink
• Countries which deserve special consideration

11

• A. Countries with large forest area
• According to FRA 2005, countries
  with over 10million ha forest areas
• ? Indonesia, Myanmar, Cambodia,
  Philippines, Malaysia,
• PNG, North Korea, Mongolia, Lao,
  Thailand, Viet Nam,
• China, India and Turkey.
• (Underlined countries mean over
  50 of land area)
• B. Countries with serious deforestation and
• degradation
• No statistics on forest degradation
  is available.
• Therefore only deforestation is taken
  into consideration.
• According to FRA 2005, countries with
  over -0.5 annual change rate
• ? Indonesia, Myanmar, Cambodia,
  Philippines, Malaysia, PNG,
• North Korea, Mongolia, Lao, Nepal,
  Pakistan, Solomon Islands,
• Sri Lanka and Timor-Leste.
• (world average annual change rate
  -0.18)

12

• C. Countries with significant growing stock
• According to FRA 2005, countries
  with over 500 million ? growing stock
• ? Indonesia, Myanmar, Cambodia,
  Philippines, Malaysia, PNG, Mongolia,
• Lao, Nepal, Bhutan, Viet Nam, China,
  India and Turkey.
• However, on the contrary, the annual
  growing stock of Indonesia,
• Cambodia, PNG, Viet Nam and China is
  decreasing.
• D. Countries which deserve special
• consideration
• As seen A, B, C above,
• ? North Korea, Viet Nam and Nepal come
  under 2 kinds of criteria
• but just 1 criterion is not
  applicable.
• In addition, in the case of
  Bhutan, its total forest area is not very big,
• but forest proportion of the land
  area is quite high (68) and
• further its growing stock is also
  big .
• Moreover, in the case of the
  Solomon Islands, like Bhutan, its total forest
• area is not very big, but forest
  proportion of the land area is quite high(78)
• and further its deforestation rate
  is so high (-1.7).

13
4. The result of criteria application

• A. The first priority countries
• Indonesia (already selected as UN-REDD
  pilot country), Myanmar,
• Cambodia, PNG (already selected as
  UN-REDD pilot country),
• Lao (funding of WB/FIN SURFORD program,
  2009), Malaysia
• B. The second priority countries
• Mongolia, Philippines
• C. The third priority countries
• North Korea, Viet Nam (already selected
  as UN-REDD pilot
• country), Nepal (funding of FIN program,
  2009)
• D. The fourth priority country
• Bhutan, Solomon Island

14
5. The selection of priority country

• A. The first priority strategic countries
• Myanmar (US 2.5million), Cambodia (US
  2million)
• Malaysia(-----)
• B. The second priority strategic countries
• Mongolia (US 1.5million), Philippines
  (US 1.5million)
• C. The third priority strategic countries
• North Korea (US 1.5million)
• D. The fourth priority strategic country
  Bhutan (US 0.5million), Solomon Island(US
  0.5million)

15
6. Implementation Steps

• A. Searching for the funding sources
• (1) Project summary
• o Total budget US 10million
• o Duration 5 years
• o Countries 7
• (2) Funding potentials
• o GEF, Japan, Austrailia, Rupublic of
  Korea, EU etc.
• B. Holding a regional workshop
• (1) Period June or July 2009 (23 day)
• (2) Participants
• o Selected priority countries (7)
• Myanmar, Cambodia, Mongolia,
  Philippines, North Korea, Bhutan,
• Solomon Island
• o Donors (candidates)
• o FAO Staff NFI Experts
• (3) Venue Seoul or Manila etc.

16
(Annex1) Change of forest area and growing stock
in selected Asia the Pacific Countries
(Source FRA 2005, State of the Worlds Forests
2007)
Country Forest Area Forest Area Forest Area Forest Area Growing stock Growing stock Growing stock
Country Total forest area (2005) Total forest area (2005) Annual change (00-05) Annual change (00-05) Per ha (05) Total (05) Annual change (00-05)
Country (1,000ha) ( of land area) (1,000ha /year ) () (?/ha) (million ?) (?/ha)
Indonesia 88,495 48.8 -1,871 -2.0 58.9 5,216 -4.61
Myanmar 32,222 49 -466 -1.4 85.0 2,740 0.74
Cambodia 10,447 59.2 -219 -2.0 95.5 998 -0.11
Philippines 7,162 24 -157 -2.1 174.3 11,248 0.08
Malaysia 20,890 63.6 -140 -0.7 250.9 5,242 1.94
PNG 29,437 65 -139 -0.5 35.2 1,035 -0.01
North Korea 6,187 51.4 -127 -1.9 63.8 395 0.18
17
Mongolia 10,252 6.5 -83 -0.8 130.9 1,342 n.s.
Lao 16,142 69.9 -78 -0.5 59.3 957 n.s.
Thailand 14,520 28.4 -59 -0.4 41.3 59 n.s.
Nepal 3,636 25.4 -53 -1.4 177.9 647 n.s.
Pakistan 1,902 2.5 -43 -2.1 97.3 185 -0.49
Solomon Islands 2,172 77.6 -40 -1.7 - - -
Sri Lanka 1,933 29.9 -30 -1.5 21.7 42 -0.19
Timor-Leste 798 53.7 -11 -1.3 - - -
Kazakhstan 3,337 1.2 -6 -0.2 109.1 364 0.19
18
Bangladesh 871 6.7 -2 -0.3 34.4 30 -0.18
Bhutan 3,195 68 11 0.3 194.4 621 1.18
Viet Nam 12,931 39.7 241 2 65.7 850 -0.40
China 197,290 21.2 4,058 2.2 67.2 13,255 -0.52
India 67,701 22.8 29 n.s. 69.4 4,698 0.08
Turkey 10,175 13.3 25 0.2 137.6 1,400 0.23
Uzbekistan 3,295 8 17 0.5 7.3 24 0.31
Kyrgyzstan 869 4.5 2 0.3 34.5 30 0.54
Lebanon 136 13.3 1 0.8 36.8 5 -
19
(Annex 2) NFMA budget estimated by
the sources of funds
Countries Area (?) Funding (US) Funding (US) Funding (US) Funding (US) Funding (US) Funding (US)
Countries Area (?) Trust Fund TCP (FAO) UTF Bilateral Government Total
Costa Rica 22,960 150,000 0 0 0 0 150,000
Guatemala 108,890 228,000 0 0 0 232,000 460,000
Philippines 300,000 250,000 0 0 0 300,000 550,000
Cameroon 475,440 224,000 0 0 0 314,648 538,648
Lebanon 10,100 0 314,000 0 0 200,000 514,000
Bangladesh 144,000 0 352,000 0 0 168,000 520,000
Zambia 752,610 104,963 308,532 0 437,854 317,760 1,169,109
Honduras 112,090 0 402,938 0 0 97,514 500,452
Kenya 580,370 372,000 0 0 0 217,000 589,000
20
Algeria 2,381,740 0 200,000 0 0 200,000 400,000
Congo 342,000 0 284,000 0 0 500,000 784,000
Angola 1,246,700 0 394,000 940,000 0 0 1,334,000
Kyrgyzstan 199,900 0 330,000 0 0 300,000 630,000
Nicaragua 130,000 0 218,000 850,000 0 0 1,068,000
Brazil 8,514,880 0 440,000 0 0 400,000 840,000
Tanzania 945,090 0 0 0 3,017,000 794,000 3,811,000
Comoros 1,860 0 378,000 0 0 100,000 478,000
Gambia 11,300 0 440,000 0 0 100,000 540,000
Total 1,344,000 4,061,470 1,790,000 3,429,000 4,200,000 14,876,209
21

• Thank you very much!