Taxonomy

1
Taxonomy

• Mr. Kidwell/Mr. Schwinnen
• Biology

2
Your task
You are going to be given several shapes. First
Determine a logical basis to separate the shapes
into 2 major groups or classifications. Arrange
your groups on your desk.
3
Task
Second Separate each group into 2 or 3 smaller
groups. Discuss with your table partner what
characteristics you based your classifications
on? Did your partner use the same
characteristics? If not scientifically argue the
merits of your decision.
4
Task
Third Separate each of your smaller groups into
even smaller groups. Discuss with your table
partner what characteristics you based your
classifications on? Did your partner use the
same characteristics? If not scientifically argue
the merits of your decision.
5
Summary
Discussion How is this activity like the
classification of living things? How is it
different? WRITE THIS QUESTION DOWN ON YOUR NOTES
AND ANSWER IT What information and observations
do scientists use to classify organisms?
(answer will be in these notes! Yay)
6
What is Taxonomy?

• Taxonomy the science of classifying things based
  on their similarities.
• taxo means arranges
• nomy means ordered knowledge

7
History of Taxonomy

• Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
• Classified organisms into groups
• Plants Animals
• They were then grouped further as to whether they
  lived on land, water or air

8
Carolus Linneaus (1707-1778)

• Considered as the father of Taxonomy
• He created hierarchal categories based on form
  and structure
• The Linnaean System has two main characteristics
  
• Two-part name for each specie
• Hierarchical classification of species into
  broader and broader groups of organisms

9
Taxonomy

• Binomial nomenclature (scientific name)
• Gives organisms two names
• Genus related group (always capitalized)
• Species descriptive (always lower case)
• Always in Latin
• Always underlined or in italics

Homo sapiens - Human
Felis domesticis- House cat
10
What is a specie?

• A group of organisms that can interbred and
  produce fertile off-spring
• A group of individuals of one specie in an area
  is a POPULATION

11
The Hierarchy of the Classification System

• Kingdom
• Phyllum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

12
The Six Kingdoms

• Plantae
• Animalia
• Protista
• Fungi
• Archeabacteria
• Eubacteria

13
Eukaryotic Cells vs. Prokaryotic Cells

• Prokaryotes
• pro before and karyon nut (nucleus)
• Archeabacteria and Eubacteria
• No nuclear membrane-bound organelles

14
Eukaryotes

• These cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound
  organelles
• eu true and karyon nut (nucleus)
• Animals, plants, protista and fungi

15
Kingdom Poster

• Requirements for the poster
• Kingdom Name
• Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic
• Single or Multi-cellular
• 5 general characteristics
• As many pictures as possible that go with your
  kingdom