Sun wind water earth life living legends for design (AR1U010 Territory (design), AR0112 Civil engineering (calculations))

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Sun wind water earth life living legends for
design(AR1U010 Territory (design),AR0112 Civil
engineering (calculations))

• Prof.dr.ir. Taeke M. de Jong
• Drs. M.J. Moens
• Prof.dr.ir. C. van den Akker
• Prof.dr.ir. C.M. Steenbergen
• http//team.bk.tudelft.nl/

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ENVIRONMENT

• Definition of environment
• Emission
• Transmission
• Immission and exposition
• Creating standards
• Environmental policy
• Environmental data
• Critical remarks

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Publish on your website

• AR1U010
• how you could take environment into account in
  your
• earlier
• actual and
• future work.

AR0112 calculations and observations environment
in any location and your design, check your
observations.
As soon as you are ready with all subjects (Sun,
Wind, Water, Earth, Life, Living, Traffic,
Legends), send a message mailtoM.E.Wenmeekers-Tho
mas_at_bk.tudelft.nl referring your web adress,
student number and code AR1U010 or AR0112.
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Milieudefinities
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Environmental science society and environment
Environment according to Udo de Haes
Environment in technical sense
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18 kinds of technical environments
Environment is the set conditions for life
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Environmental problems
Lacking conditions for life
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Environmental problems
MONDIAAL Ozonlaag Klimaatverandering
REGIONAAL Accumulatie Vermesting Bestrijdingsmidde
len Zware metalen Verwijdering Bodemverontreinigin
g Verdroging
CONTINENTAAL Grensoverschrijdende LuVo Ozon op
leefniveau Verzuring Wintersmog Zware metalen
FLUVIAAL Rivieren Regionale wateren Zoute
wateren Waterbodems
LOCAAL Geluidhinder Geurhinder Luvo in de
stad Binnenmilieu
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Chains of impacts
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Environmental standards
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Sources
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Emissions
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Immissions
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Dose-impact relation
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Toxicology
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Targets 1 of maximally permissible
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Costs of damage and quality
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Targets and intermediate boundary values
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Zoning standards in m.
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Sharpening or moderating zoning standards due to
context
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Separate installations in quiet residential areas
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Sources of standards

• The 5th National Plan of Spatial Policy
  Min.v.VROM (2001),
• The National Plan of Nature Policy (Min.v.LNV,
  2000)
• The 4th National Plan of Environmental Policy
  (Min.v.VROM)
• The 4th National Plan of Watermanagement Policy
  Min.v.VW (1998)(stressing environment), and
• its last successor Anders omgaan met
  waterMin.v.VW (2000)(stressing security).

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National environmental policy
DOELSTELLING Het in stand houden van het
draagvermogen van het milieu ten behoeve van een
duurzame ontwikkeling. (Een ontwikkeling die
voorziet in de behoefte van de huidige generatie
zonder daarmee voor toekomstige generaties de
mogelijkheden in gevaar te brengen om ook in hun
behoefte te voorzien.)
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Environmental problems
MONDIAAL Ozonlaag Klimaatverandering
REGIONAAL Accumulatie Vermesting Bestrijdingsmidde
len Zware metalen Verwijdering Bodemverontreinigin
g Verdroging
CONTINENTAAL Grensoverschrijdende LuVo Ozon op
leefniveau Verzuring Wintersmog Zware metalen
FLUVIAAL Rivieren Regionale wateren Zoute
wateren Waterbodems
LOCAAL Geluidhinder Geurhinder Luvo in de
stad Binnenmilieu
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Elaboration targets
Mondiaal Continentaal
Voorwaarden Fluviaal Waarden Regionaal
Doelstellingen Locaal Normen
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Strategic agenda
Reduceren onzekerheden Het maken van keuzen uit
scenarios Het formuleren van themas signaler
en en erkennen beleidsformulering oplossin
g beheer instrumenten samenwerking doelgro
epen
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Strategic agenda

• Themas
• klimaatverandering
• verzuring
• vermesting
• verspreiding
• verwijdering
• verstoring
• verdroging
• verspilling

• Instrumenten
• regelgeving
• aansprakelijkheid
• financiële regulering
• milieuzorg in bedrijven
• productnormering
• voorlichting
• technologie
• Energiebesparing
• Samenwerking
• Internationaal
• Rijk
• Provincie
• Gemeente

• Doelgroepen
• Landbouw
• Verkeer envervoer
• Industrie en raff.
• Energie
• Bouw
• Consum. detailhandel
• Milieubedrijven
• Research
• Onderwijs
• Maatsch. organisaties

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Main principles of policy
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Remaining impact-orientated policy
Erfenissen uit het verleden Brongerichte
maatregelen die niet op tijd komen Het voorbereid
zijn op calamiteiten Het mogelijk tekortschieten
van brongerichte maatregelen
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From emission- intosource-oriented policy
emissiegericht volumegericht structureel integr
aal ketenbeheer energie-extensivering kwalitei
tsbevordering
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Impact target groups on themes

• Strategic themes
• climate change
• acidification
• overfertilization
• spread
• disposal
• disruption
• dry out
• wasting

• Target groups
• agriculture
• industry
• refinaries
• energy supply
• trade, services and administration
• traffic
• consumers
• disposal services
• actors in the water chain

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Environmental themes
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Contributions of building
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Environmental themes as agenda
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Environmental themes as agenda
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Target group agriculture
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Target group agriculture
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Target group industry
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Target group industry
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Target group refinaries
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Target group energy supply
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Target group trade, services and administration
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Target group traffic
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Target group consumers
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Target group disposal services
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Target group actors in thewater chain
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Water chain
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Environmental data
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Environmental data
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Social developments
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Social developments

• A1. General developments
• A2. Agriculture and horticulture
• A3. Industry
• A4. Energy supply
• A5. Traffic and transport
• A6. Consumers
• A7. Construction
• A8. Actors in the water chain
• A9. Waste disposal facilities
• A10. Trade, services and government (TSG)

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Space
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Population and households
Bevolking
Huishoudens
Eenpersoons huishoudens
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Cattle
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Ecological footprint
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Ecology
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Use of energy
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Use of energy
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Economy
Voertuigkm.
Industrie
BBP
Part. bestedingen
Afval
Energie
Bevolking
Veestapel
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Culture
Criminaliteit Openbare orde Sociale
zekerheid Economische groei Vrijheid
meningsuiting Werkeloosheid Milieu
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Finance
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Resources

• B1. Energy carriers
• B2. Water
• B3. Space
• B4. Surface minerals
• B5. Timber
• B6. Fish
• B7. Ecological footprint

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Environmental pressure

• C1. Total emissions and waste in the Netherlands
• C2. Agriculture and horticulture
• C3. Industry
• C4. Energy supply
• C5. Traffic and transport
• C6. Consumers
• C7. Construction
• C8. Actors in the water chain
• C9. Waste disposal
• C10. Trade, Services and Government (TSG)

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Evironmental themes

• D1. Climate change - Enhanced greenhouse effect
• D2. Climate change - Depletion of the ozone layer
  
• D3. Acidification and transboundary air pollution
  
• D4. Eutrophication
• D5. Toxic and hazardous substances
• D6. Disposal
• D7. Desiccation

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Theme-indicators
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D1 Climate
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Climate target groups and impacts
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D2 Depletion of the ozone layer
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Ozone layer target groups and impacts
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D3 Acidification
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Acidification target groups and impacts
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D5. Toxic and hazardous substances
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D5. Toxic substances target groups and impacts
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D7. Desiccation
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D7. Desiccation target groups and impacts
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Evironmental quality

• E1. Air quality
• E2. Surface water quality
• E3. Soil quality
• E4. Groundwater quality
• E5. The human living environment

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Disturbance
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Noise and risk targetgroups and impacts
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Impacts

• F1. Nature
• F2. Impacts on public health

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Biodiversity and health

• Biodiversiteit en gezondheid

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Environmental data
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Gezondheid

• Sterfte en medicijngebruik
• Risicoperceptie
• Stress
• Risicomijden is riskant
• Bijwerkingen niet aantoonbaar
• Verscheidenheid als verzwegen veronderstelling

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Sterfte en medicijngebruik
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A distorted public risk perception.

• Risk is popularly defined by chance x impact.
• Exceptional occurrences are magnified by
  television and newspapers.
• They bomb us by statistical exceptions,
• distorting our perception of chance and
  magnifying impact,
• increasing fear and stress.

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Insurance companies sell fear.

• We pay more for safety than for living
• Insurance, police, army, water management,
  traffic and building safety, preventing fire,
  terrorism, burglary and catching a cold.
• We fear we can not pay all and we double our work
  until we die from the impacts of stress.
• The life time we spend on worry is lost
  well-being, lost health and life time.
• Our fear for exceptional possibilities raises new
  diseases of the mind and we fear them as well.

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Exaggerated hygiene drove life out and nature in
exile.

• Our biological resistance fades by inescapable
  stress,
• the number of immunity deficiency diseases
  increases.
• We do not get injuries enough to become
  vaccinated by nature itself.
• Always avoiding to catch a cold results in high
  susceptibility for flu any time we leave a
  building or a car.
• We like dangerous holydays to flee from our
  unnatural and boring safety, but we do not know
  real danger anymore and fall ill by foreign food.

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Avoiding risks could be risky

• The public shame of few physicians involved
  intimidates the profession as a whole.
• Avoiding risks physicians prescribe too many
  medicines, order too many specialists
  examinations and diagnostic devices,
• increasing the costs of medical care,
• increasing slowly appearing side effects.
• Statistical analysis cannot clarify many rare
  side effects by lack of equal cases.
• It only registers 95 short term benefits of
  potentially harmful medicines and treatments.
• How many diseases are iatrogeneous? 50?

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There is something rotten in the state of Medicine

• King Averagerules a kingdom of exceptions human
  species comprises

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Living with life

• Our life is safer then ever, but we do not dare
  to live with life the risk to die.
• Life became strange to us and death as well, we
  fear the unfamiliar because it could be
  unhygienic.

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Curing fear by hope

• The intellectual challenge of this century is to
  handle diversity instead of generalising it by
  statistical reduction.
• Generalising research has diminishing returns,
  context sensitive problems remain.
• Context sensitive design is a more promising,
  diversity generating study.
• Natural evolution and ecological succession is
  its model.

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Ehrlich and Speth
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Critical remarks
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Flexibility
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Balance
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Rareness and replacebility
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Propositions

1. Er zijn geen andere ecologische problemen dan de
   aantasting van mondiale biodiversiteit of
   menselijke gezondheid.
2. Uitputting van grondstoffen (waaronder fossiele
   brandstoffen) is geen ecologisch, maar een
   industriëel probleem. Wat uitgeput raakt is
   kwaliteit.
3. Er is ook op de zeer lange termijn genoeg
   energie.
4. Bouwen heeft ecologisch meer positieve dan
   negatieve effecten.
5. De milieudruk per eenheid van welvaart moet tot
   5 van het huidige niveau dalen.
6. Er wordt in de bouw nooit meer dan 80 gehaald
   zolang de positieve effecten niet geoptimaliseerd
   worden.
7. Eenzijdige nadruk op besparing blokkeert het
   ontwerpend denken over oplossingen.

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