The Plains Indians

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Chapter 19 Section 1

• The Plains Indians

pg 504-506
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Warm-Up

• How did the Plains Indians rely on the horse and
  buffalo?

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Uses of the Buffalo

• Food, clothing, and shelter
• Jerky
• leather
• Cloth
• tools and toys
• sinews

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Objective

• Students will understand how the Plains Indians
  relied on the horse and buffalo.

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Migration
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Cultural Transition
horses gt mobile, buffalo based lifestyle
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pg 505
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Chapter 19 Section 1 Review

• PG 506
• 1 2

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1. Sun Dance

• 1000s of Native Americans would attend a four
  day ceremony to thank the Great Spirit for
  helping out in times of trouble.

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a. tepee b. travois c. corral d. jerky
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2a. tepee

• A tepee is a tent made by stretching buffalo
  skins on tall poles.

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2b. travois

• A travois was a sled that was pulled by a dog or
  horse.

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2c. corral

• A corral is an enclosure used to trap animals
  that are being herded.

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2d. jerky

• Meat that was dried in the sun to preserve it.

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Parts of the Buffalo
!
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What Story Does it Tell?
Partner Activity

• Analyze the buffalo hide painting and try to
  write the story that it tells.

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What are these men doing?

• What animal other than the buffalo do you see?

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How are some of the Indians in the hide painting
using this object? (By the way, part of this
object is made from buffalo hide.)
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Luther Standing Bear (Lakota Sioux), 1931

• Now the proper skinning of the buffalo was
  necessary if we were to get the most out of the
  hide, and of course, hides were valuable and so
  useful that this job was done with care and
  skill, leaving as little meat on the hide as
  possible. When the skinning was done, the
  butchering began. There was a very exact method
  in this which I learned from my father, but there
  are few of the young Indians today who know how
  to butcher in the old way. . . . We cut the
  animal so that the large muscles would not be cut
  across the grain. It was the work of the women to
  slice the meat in thin slices or sheets and dry
  it. . . . The thin slices of meat were hung over
  a pole for drying and if the large muscles had
  not been cut as they should be, the meat would
  fall to pieces.

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Can you find three objects that Indians made from
the hide of the buffalo?
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• Who do you think these people are?

• How are they different from the Indians?

• What are they doing?

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Can you find this on the hide painting?
How did this product change life on the northern
plains?
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• The whole country is divided into plain, bluff,
  and valley, and there is not a rod of the
  16,000,000 acres that is not the finest grazing
  and which is not covered with a luxuriant growth
  of blue, buffalo, and gramma grasses. The whole
  country is exceptionally well watered by the
  Republican River, and the great stream has among
  its tributaries on the north bank, Hoickearea,
  White Man, Black Wood, Eight Mile, Little River,
  Red, Stinking Water, Medicine, Turkey, and Elm
  on the south bank are Prairie Dog, Sappa Beaver,
  White, Box Elder, Ash, Cottonwood, and North and
  South Forks. No particular description of these
  streams can be given, but they are mostly well
  timbered and full of beautiful spots and natural
  homes for hundreds of raisers and tens of
  thousand of herds.
• Here the buffalo were thickest, and only ten
  years ago it was estimated that there were
  1,000,000 head grazing on the Republican and its
  tributaries. They have all gone, and not 50,000
  head of cattle or sheep have yet replaced them.
  What a field for the future stock kings of the
  West!

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Why are these buffalo being killed?
On the Kansas-Pacific Railroad, Frank Leslie's
Illustrated Newspaper, June 3, 1871Library of
Congress
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How are these buffalo being used?
Photo by Charles Schwartz
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--Gen. Philip Sheridan, 1874

• These men buffalo hunters have done more in the
  last two years, and will do in the next year,
  more to settle the vexed Indian question than the
  entire regular Army has done in the last thirty
  years. They are destroying the Indians'
  commissary it is well known that an army losing
  its base of supplies is placed at a great
  disadvantage. For the sake of lasting peace, let
  them kill, skin, and sell until the buffaloes are
  exterminated. Then your prairies can be covered
  with speckled cattle and festive cowboy, who
  follows the hunter as a second forerunner of an
  advanced civilization.

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Buffalo
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How are these Indians like the buffalo?
Dead Sioux killed by Custer's column,
1876Drawing by Red Horse (Miniconjou Dakota),
1881 National Anthropological Archives,
Smithsonian Institution
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Complete the Vocab Builder Individually!
Use the ENTIRE Chapter!
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HOMEWORK

• Create a detailed outline of Chapter 19 Section 1
• USE THE TITLES AND SUBTITLES TO ORGANIZE YOUR
  OUTLINE!!!!
• I. Way of Life
• A. Following the Buffalo
• B. Uses of the Buffalo
• Traditions
• II. A Well Ordered Society.