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Traceability

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Producers, handlers, processors, packers, importers. Verifiable (auditable) records ... Probable minimum packer records. Each shift or slaughter group ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Traceability


1
Traceability
  • The ability to trace and follow a food, feed, or
    food producing animal or substance intended to be
    or expected to be incorporated into a food or
    feed, through all stages of production,
    processing, and distribution

20
2
Background
  • Host of Names and Related Issues
  • Quality Assurance
  • Identification systems
  • Identity preservation
  • Segregation
  • Process control
  • HACCP
  • Process verification
  • COOL

3
Forces for Traceability
  • Risk and Liability
  • Loss of customers
  • Loss of business
  • Food Safety
  • Food Quality
  • Intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics
  • GMO Crops
  • BSE
  • Biosecurity

4
Are Consumers Willing to Pay for Traceability?
  • Traceability has Some Value Itself
  • More Value as Means of Verifying Other
    Characteristics Like Food Safety
  • Can Add Value from Marketing
  • Not necessarily just a cost

5
Animal Identification
  • Biosecurity and Disease Forced Issue
  • ID Itself is Not the Solution
  • Doesnt make food safe
  • Doesnt prevent foreign disease
  • Market Access
  • US beef exports to Japan

6
Animal Identification
  • Disease
  • Monitoring
  • Control and eradication
  • Emergency preparation
  • Food Safety
  • Compatibility
  • Defined standard
  • Compatible systems through sector

7
Role For Government
  • Regulation
  • Set the Standards
  • Oversight and Inspection
  • Credibility
  • Process Verification

8
Summary
  • Rapidly Changing Area
  • Take some work to remain abreast of changes
  • Animal ID System Moving Forward
  • Industry and government action
  • Moving Forward in All Areas

9
Country of Origin Labeling (COOL) and the Cattle
Industry
  • Source Derrell S. Peel, Livestock Marketing
    Specialist, Oklahoma State University

10
Mandatory COOL
  • Proposed Mandatory Rules
  • Issued October 27, 2003
  • Comment Period
  • Ends December 29, 2003

11
What is Country of Origin Labeling
  • Included in 2002 Farm Bill (PL 107-171)
  • Amends Ag Marketing Act of 1946
  • Covers 500 retail products
  • Beef, Pork, Lamb (whole muscle and ground)
  • Fresh and Frozen Fruits and Vegetables
  • Seafood (wild and farm-raised)
  • Peanuts
  • Administered by AMS

12
What Country of Origin Labeling Isnt
  • Is not animal health or food safety
  • FDA (food)
  • FSIS (meat)
  • APHIS (animals)
  • Is not market grading
  • AMS

13
Components of COOL
  • Retail product must be labeled
  • Food service excluded
  • Including delis and salad bars in retail
    establishments
  • Excludes processed foods
  • Becomes mandatory September 30, 2004

14
Who Must Label - Retailer
  • Retailer has meaning given in Perishable
    Agricultural Commodities Act (PACA) a business
    engaged in the selling of fresh and frozen fruits
    and vegetables at retail with an annual invoice
    value of more than 230,000
  • Approximately 4,500 licensees (37,000 stores)
  • PACA definition excludes butcher shops, fish
    markets, and exporters
  • Exempts food service establishments including
    those within retail establishments (e.g. delis
    and salad bars)

15
Consumer Notification Required at Retail
  • Country of Origin
  • Label or notice must
  • Be legible
  • Be in English
  • Not obscure other required information

16
Exclusions
  • Covered commodities are excluded if an
    ingredient in a processed food item
  • Regulation defines processed food item
  • Does not exclude covered commodities just because
    they have been further prepared for consumption

17
Processed Food Item Change of Character
  • A combination of ingredients that include a
    covered commodity that has undergone a physical
    or chemical change, and has character that is
    different from that of the covered commodity
  • Examples of covered commodities excluded because
    of change of character
  • Oranges squeezed to make orange juice
  • Pork bellies cured and smoked to make bacon

18
Processed Food Item Combination of Substantive
Food Components
  • A covered commodity that has been combined with
  • Other covered commodities
  • Other substantive food components,
  • And has a character different than that of the
    covered commodity
  • Examples of covered commodities excluded because
    they are a combination of substantive food
    components
  • Bagged salad (e.g. lettuce, carrots and cabbage)
  • Fruit trays/Vegetable trays (e.g. party trays)
  • Seafood medley (e.g. shrimp, scallops and clams)
  • Mixed nuts

19
Covered Commodities Required to be Labeled
  • Examples
  • Solution-enhanced and seasoned pork loin
  • Cooked beef roast
  • Canned salmon
  • Bagged lettuce
  • Canned roasted and salted peanuts
  • Breaded shrimp

20
Covered Products Muscle Cuts of Beef, Lamb and
Pork
  • All muscle cuts of beef, lamb and pork whether
    chilled, frozen, raw, cooked, seasoned or
    breaded.

21
Beef Products
  • Whole muscle meats
  • Product of U.S.A.
  • Mixed Origin
  • Imported
  • Ground beef
  • Each specific origin included in the blend must
    be included on the label in alphabetical order

22
Labeling Requirements
  • Product of U.S.A.
  • Born, Raised and Slaughtered in the U.S.
  • Product of Country X
  • Labeled from entry until final sale
  • Label only covers importing country (not other
    countries of birth or production)

23
Labeling Requirements cont.
  • Mixed Origin (whole muscle)
  • Examples
  • Imported from country X, raised and slaughtered
    in U.S.
  • With records Born (and raised) in country X,
    raised and processed in U.S.
  • Imported from country Y, slaughtered in U.S.
  • With records Born in country X, raised in
    country Y, processed in U.S.

24
Labeling Requirements cont.
  • Mixed Origin (ground or blended)
  • Example
  • Ground beef Product of Australia Imported from
    Mexico, Raised and Slaughtered in U.S.A.
    Product of U.S.A.

25
Recordkeeping
  • Retailers must label covered commodities
  • Must keep Point of Sale records for 7 days
  • Must keep records of origin for 2 years
  • Suppliers must provide information about country
    of origin
  • Producers, handlers, processors, packers,
    importers
  • Verifiable (auditable) records
  • Suppliers must maintain records
  • Affidavits may be used to certify origin and
    existence of records

26
Recordkeeping - Suppliers
  • Any person engaged in the business of supplying
    a covered commodity to a retailer, whether
    directly or indirectly, is required to maintain
    records to establish and identify the immediate
    previous source and the immediate subsequent
    recipient of a covered commodity, in such a way
    that identifies the product unique to that
    transaction, for a period of 2 years from the
    date of the transaction.

27
Recordkeeping - Suppliers
  • Suppliers must provide origin information to
    buyers
  • Records must identify previous source and
    subsequent recipient of product
  • Must possess or have legal access to records that
    substantiate origin claims
  • Must maintain records unique to each transaction
    for 2 years

28
Recordkeeping - Suppliers
  • For suppliers that handle similar covered
    commodities from more than one country, the
    supplier must be able to document that the origin
    of a product was separately tracked, while in
    their control, during any production or packaging
    processes to demonstrate that the identity of the
    product was maintained.

29
Enforcement and Violations
  • Retailers and suppliers are subject to
    enforcement provisions
  • 10,000 fine for willful violations
  • USDA-AMS will conduct compliance reviews
  • USDA-AMS will initiate investigations and
    enforcement actions
  • Other statutes may apply as well

30
COOL is a Food Labeling Bill
  • Food Labeling is covered by the Food and Drug
    Administration (FDA)
  • Code of Federal Regulations
  • Title 21, Chapter I, Part 101.18
  • Misbranding of Food
  • Among the representations in the labeling of a
    food which render such food misbranded is any
    representation that expresses or implies a
    geographical origin of the food except when such
    representation is a truthful representation of
    geographical origin

31
Implications for Cattle Industry
  • Probable minimum cow-calf records
  • Owner and location
  • Breeding herd inventory
  • Purchased animals
  • Cull sales
  • Raised animals
  • Number and Sex of Births by year
  • Animal sales
  • Buyer
  • Date
  • Animal sex
  • Breeding animals are covered by COOL

32
Implications for Cattle Industry
  • Probable minimum stocker records
  • Put-together groups
  • Seller and location of purchased animals
  • Date and sex of purchased animals
  • Animal sales
  • Buyer
  • Date
  • Animal sex
  • Must be able to trace animals from different
    source groups through management sorting and
    commingling into several sales groups

33
Implications for Cattle Industry
  • Probable minimum feedlot records
  • Each pen
  • Seller and location of purchased animals
  • Date and sex of purchased animals
  • Animal sales
  • Buyer
  • Date
  • Animal sex

34
Implications for Cattle Industry
  • Probable minimum packer records
  • Each shift or slaughter group
  • Owner and location of purchased animals
  • Date and sex of purchased animals
  • Meat sales by slaughter/fab group
  • Lot number, date and plant

35
Individual Animal ID
  • Required? No, in fact, forbidden as a USDA
    mandate
  • Necessary? Maybe not
  • Helpful? Definitely
  • Especially for stocker and feedlot sectors

36
Current Status of COOL
  • House and Senate Appropriations actions have
    different language regarding implementation of
    COOL
  • These differences are yet to be reconciled
  • Various proposals to modify or repeal COOL

37
Challenge for the Industry
  • Plan for compliance
  • Rules are uncertain and subject to change
  • Make beneficial use of new information
  • Use records to improve production and marketing
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