BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES Serving the Present, Shaping the Future

1
BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present,
Shaping the Future
News from Basic Energy Sciences
Patricia M. Dehmer Associate Director of Science
for Basic Energy Sciences 10 October 2000
http//www.sc.doe.gov/production/bes/bes.html

• The Mission of the Office of Basic Energy
  Sciences
• Foster and support fundamental research to
  provide the basis for new, improved,
  environmentally conscientious energy
  technologies
• Plan, construct, and operate major scientific
  user facilities for materials sciences and
  related disciplines to serve researchers from
  academia, federal laboratories, and industry

2
Budget
3
U.S. Department of Energy FY 2001 Congressional
Budget Request (Dollars in Millions)

• Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology
  (84M, 36M)
• High-Performance Computing for Science in the
  21st Century -- Enhanced Capabilities (190M,
  70M)
• Life Sciences -- Understanding the Microbial Cell
  (12M, 12M) and Biomedical Engineering (7M,
  5M)
• Human (90M, 1M) Microbial Genomes (22M, 8M)
• Global Climate Research (123M, 3M)
• Carbon Management Science (36M, 4M)
• Robotics Intelligent Machines (3M, 2M)
• Spallation Neutron Source (281M, 163M)
• Scientific User Facilities Upgrades Increased
  Utilization (1,207M, 65M)
• Large Hadron Collider (70M, 0)

FY 2000 Approp.
FY 2001 Request
Program
Change
Basic Energy Sciences Biological Environ.
Res. Fusion Energy Science Adv. Scientific Comp.
Res. High Energy Physics Nuclear Physics MELFS
and ERA Science Program Direction
771.6 432.9 244.7 127.9 697.7 347.7 34.0 131.1
2,787.6
1,015.8 445.3 247.3 182.0 714.7 369.9 34.9 141.2
3,151.1
244.2 (32) 12.4 (3) 2.6
(1) 54.1 (42) 17.0 (2) 22.2 (6) 0.9
(3) 10.1 (8) 363.5 (13)
Numbers in parentheses are FY01 request
increment from FY00 appropriation
4
FY2001 Budget Progress
5
Budget Changes FY2000 to FY2001
Dollars in Thousands
6
Most importantly, ...
Thanks for your help!
7
National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
September 1998 NSTC Committee on Technology
establishes Interagency Working Group on
Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology
(IWGN). Participating Agencies NSF, DOE, DOD,
NIH, NASA, DOC/NIST January 1999 Industry,
academic, government workshop on research
prioritiesJan-present IWGN meets approximately
monthlyAugust 1999 First draft of IWGN National
Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)August 1999 BES
Reports Nanoscale Science, Engineering and
Technology Research Directions
http//www.sc.doe.gov/production/bes/nanoscale.htm
l Complex Systems Science for the 21st
Century http//www.sc.doe.gov/production/
bes/complexsystems.htm September
1999 Interagency OMB briefingOctober
1999 Interagency PCAST Nanotechnology Panel
Briefing Juan M. Garces, Dow Chemical
Company Colin Gardner, Merck Co.,
Inc. Michael J. Heller, Nanogen Yoshio Nishi,
Texas Instruments Inc. Philip W. Phillips,
University of Illinois Richard E. Smalley, Rice
University Charles M. Vest, MIT (Chair of the
Panel) Viola Vogel, University of
Washington Lilian Shiao-Yen Wu, IBM
Corp.November 1999 PCAST Nanotechnology Panel
recommendationsJanuary 2000 Nanotechnology
initiative described unofficiallyFebruary
2000 Release of initiative with the Presidents
budget submission to Congress including 36.1M
for BES.September 2000 36.1 M for
BES!
8
NSTC and PCAST
National Science and Technology Council
(NSTC)Established in 1993, this Cabinet-level
Council coordinates science, space, and
technology across the Federal government. The
President chairs the NSTC membership consists of
the Vice President, Assistant to the President
for Science and Technology, Cabinet Secretaries
and Agency Heads with significant science and
technology responsibilities, and other White
House officials. The NSTC has five standing
committees Committee on Technology Interagency
Working Group on Nanotechnology Committee on
International Science, Engineering, and
Technology Committee on National Security
Committee on Science Committee on Environment
and Natural Resources President's Committee of
Advisors on Science and Technology
(PCAST)Established at time of the NSTC, PCAST
advises the President on the Administrations
science and technology policies and budgets.
Committee members (19) are drawn from the private
sector -- industry, education, and research
institutions, and other nongovernmental
organizations. The Assistant to the President
for Science and Technology (Neal Lane)co-chairs
PCAST together with a private sector member
selected by the President. PCAST meets in public
session about four times a year.
9
Nanoscience and Our Quest for Mastery of
MaterialsThe Million Year Journey

• Early man fashioned the first cutting tools -
  stone handaxes - about one million years ago
  (lower left).
• But Mother Nature has been making far more
  sophisticated cutting tools for hundreds of
  millions of years (lower right). Employing
  nanotechnology, these tools are made at ambient
  temperature and in aqueous (water) solution!
• The challenge Can we use nanoscale science and
  technology to design functional materials and
  devices that Mother Nature never envisioned?

Mother Natures Early Cutting ToolsUtilizing
Nanotechnology
Early Man-Made Cutting Tools
Crude Acheulean handaxe from Sbaika, Algeria.
About 500,000 to 1,000,000 years.
T-rex tooth (65,000,000 years)
Triangular handaxe of the perfected variety,
Early Aurignacian. If the dating is correct, this
is among the last handaxes made before the final
diversification and specialization of fine stone
tools made the handaxe obsolete.
Deinonychus antirrhopus claw
10
The Scale of Things
11
Challenges for the BES NSET Program

• Attain a fundamental understanding of nanoscale
  phenomena

When sample size, grain size, or domain size
shrink to the nanoscale, physical properties -
such as melting point or density - are strongly
affected and may differ dramatically from the
corresponding properties in the bulk. The
physical and chemical properties of these
nanoscale systems are not well understood. This
is a new subject with its own set of physical
principles, theoretical descriptions, and
experimental techniques. Additionally,
understanding and controlling so-called quantum
effects within and between nanoscale objects
might serve as the basis for a new generation of
advanced technologies such as quantum computing.

• Design/synthesize materials atom by atom to
  produce materials with desired properties

In the future, design and synthesis of new
materials at the atomic level will be
accomplished using only the known properties of
the elements. Experiment, theory, modeling,
computational simulation all will play critical
roles in this quest. But this will require the
development of new chemistries, new physical
techniques, increased use of processing under
unusual conditions, and systems to synthesize and
then characterize huge numbers of materials
simultaneously. Manipulation and control of
matter at the nanoscale remains an outstanding
challenge.

• Understand how living organisms create materials
  and functional complexes

Nature arranges atoms and molecules into
three-dimensional objects of extraordinary
complexity to produce objects with required
optical, mechanical, electrical, catalytic, and
tribological properties. Nature has also learned
how to combine materials and structures to build
molecular-level machines. Some serve as pumps
others move molecules or whole cells and still
others produce or convert energy. By applying
these principles to artificial systems, we can
make immense advances in energy conversion data
transmission, processing, and storage
smartmaterials sensors new catalysts better
drugs and more efficient waste disposal.

• Create experimental tools and theory/modeling
  tools to accelerate nanoscale research

The history of science has shown that new tools
drive scientific revolutions. They allow the
discovery of phenomena not previously seen and
the study of known phenomena at shorter time
scales, at shorter distances, and with greater
sensitivity. Revolutionary new tools are needed
for the active control of growth, for massively
parallel analysis, and for working with small
sample volumes. Capabilities will be needed for
triggering, isolating, or activating single
molecules for independently addressing multiple
molecules in parallel and for transferring or
harvesting energy to or from a single molecule.
New generations of theory and computational tools
will also be required.
12
BES NSET Program

• BES will support (1) awards to individual
  investigators or small groups of investigators in
  DOE laboratories and academia and (2) Nanoscale
  Science Research Centers (NSRCs) at laboratories
  currently housing major BES user facilities.
• RFA will be issued to universities for up to 18
  M with companion program for laboratories for up
  to 18 M. At universities, single PI or
  multiple PIs at labs, group activities with
  significant synergy.
• NSRCs have a number of criteria, e.g., NSRCs
  will
• advance the fundamental understanding and control
  of materials at the nanoscale,
• provide an environment to support individual
  investigators/small groups working together on
  problems of a scope, complexity, and disciplinary
  breadth not possible working separately, with the
  whole being greater than the sum of the parts,
• optimize the use of the BES national user
  facilities for materials characterization and
  provide state-of-the-art equipment to in-house
  and visiting researchers,
• provide the foundation for the development of
  nanotechnologies important to the Department,
• provide a formal mechanism for both short- and
  long-term collaborations and partnerships among
  DOE laboratory, academic, and industrial
  researchers,
• provide training for graduate students and
  postdoctoral associates in interdisciplinary
  nanoscale research in cooperation with regional
  or national academic institutions
• build on the core competencies of the host
  laboratory, particularly the major BES user
  facility or facilities and the BES research
  programs already in place at that laboratory
• advance the strategic vision of the host
  laboratory
• partner with state government and local
  institutions
• complement one another

13
Other Initiative Areas

• Computational chemistry
• Robotics and intelligent machines
• Microbial cell research
• Plant genomics
• EPSCoR

14
BES from 30,000 feet
15
Office of Science
Director Mildred Dresselhaus Principal Deputy
Director James F. Decker Deputy Director for
Operations Milton Johnson
YOU ARE HERE
Office of Basic Energy Sciences Associate
Director Patricia Dehmer
Office of Biological and Environmental
Res. Associate Director Aristides Patrinos
Office of High Energy and Nuclear
Physics Associate Director S. Peter Rosen
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences Associate
Director N. Anne Davies
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Res. Associate Director Edward Oliver
Office of Resource Management Associate
Director John Rodney Clark
Office of Planning and Analysis Director William
Valdez
Office of Laboratory Policy Director Antoinette
Joseph

• BES Mission
• Foster and support fundamental research to
  provide the basis for new, improved,
  environmentally conscientious energy
  technologies
• Plan, construct, and operate major scientific
  user facilities for materials sciences and
  related disciplines to serve researchers from
  academia, federal laboratories, and industry

16
Office of Science Major Research Areas

• Chemical Sciences
• Analytical Chemistry
• Atomic, Molecular Optical Physics
• Advanced Batteries Fuel Cells
• Chemical Kinetics
• Chemical Physics
• Catalysis - Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Phase
• Combustion Dynamics
• Electrochemistry
• Heavy Element Chemistry
• Interfacial Chemistry
• Organometallic Chemistry
• Photochemistry
• Photosynthetic Mechanisms
• Radiation Effects
• Separations Science
• Solar Energy Conversion
• Theory, Modeling, Computer Simulation

• Materials Sciences
• Catalysis
• Ceramics
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Corrosion
• Electronic Properties of Materials
• Experimental Techniques Instrument Devel.
• Intermetallic Alloys
• Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
• Materials Physics and Chemistry
• Mechanical and Physical Behavior
• Metallic Glasses
• Metallurgy, Metal Forming, Welding Joining
• Neutron and Photon Scattering
• Nondestructive Evaluation
• Photovoltaics
• Polymer Science
• Radiation Effects

• Life Sciences
• Human Genome
• Structural Biology
• Microbial Genome
• Low Dose Radiation Research
• Functional Genomics
• Human Subjects in Research
• Structural Biology Facilities
• Genome Instrumentation
• Computational Structural Biology
• Medical Sciences
• Molecular Radiopharmaceutical Development
• Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
• Molecular Nuclear Medical Imaging
• Imaging Gene Expression
• Biomedical Engineering

• BES - Basic Energy Sciences
• HENP - High Energy and Nuclear Physics
• BER - Biological Environmental Research
• ASCR - Advanced Scientific Computing Res

17
BES FY2000 Budget
AIP
Base Research (Univ.)
Construction
GPP
Capital Equip.
Base Research (Labs)
BES User Facilities
18
Office of Basic Energy Sciences
Associate Director's Office Staff Contacts
Patricia Dehmer, Associate Director b Iran
Thomas, Deputy Associate Director Mary Jo
Martin, Secretary
Robert Astheimer F. Don Freeburn Stanley
Staten Sharon Long
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
Division
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
William Millman, Acting Director Karen Talamini,
Program Analyst Carolyn Dorsey, Secretary
b Iran Thomas, Director Christie Ashton, Program
Analyst Tarra Hardeman, Secretary
Metal, Ceramic, and Engineering Sciences
Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Chemistry
Fundamental Interactions
Energy Biosciences
Molecular Processes and Geosciences
Robert Gottschall Terry Jones, Proc. Tech.
William Oosterhuis Melanie Becker, Proc. Tech.
Paul Smith (Acting) Diane Matthews, Proc. Tech.
Allan Laufer Sharon Bowser, Proc. Tech.
Gregory Dilworth Patricia Snyder, Proc. Tech.
Structure and Composition of Materials
Experimental Condensed Matter Physics
Catalysis and Chemical Transformations
Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics
Plant Sciences and Microbiology
Robert Gottschall Vacant FTE uRobert Hwang, SNL
Jerry Smith
Vacant FTE uDaniel Melamed, BNL
Gregory Dilworth James Tavares
Eric Rohlfing
Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Radiation
Effects
Chemical Energy and Chemical Engineering
Biochemistry and Biophysics
Chemical Physics
Manfred Leiser Vacant FTE uDale Koelling, ANL
Walter Stevens Vacant FTE lSharlene Weatherwax,
UCLA
William Kirchhoff Eric Rohlfing
Yok Chen uRobert Hwang, SNL
Paul Maupin
Neutron and X-ray Scattering
Physical Behavior of Materials
Separations and Analysis
Photochemical and Radiation Sciences
Helen Kerch
Vacant FTE lDick Gordon, Wash. State U uNorman
Edelstein, LBNL
uAndrew Quong, LLNL uWendy Cieslak, SNL uRobert
Hwang, SNL lAngus Rockett, U. of IL
Mary Gress Walter Stevens
Neutron and X-ray Scattering Facilities
Heavy Element Chemistry
Facility Operations
Vacant FTE
Synthesis and Processing
Alan Dragoo Vacant FTE Timothy Fitzsimmons uAngus
Rockett, U. of IL
William Millman William Kirchhoff Paul Smith
Materials Chemistry
Paul Smith uNorman Edelstein, LBNL
Dick Kelley Vacant FTE Matesh Varma
Geosciences
Legend
Engineering Sciences
EPSCoR
Robert Price lBassem Armaly, U. of MO Timothy
Fitzsimmons uWendy Cieslak
Nicholas Woodward lRoger Turpening, MTU uHenry
Shaw, LLNL
b Dual Capacity l IPA u Detailee
Matesh Varma
Spallation Neutron Source
Jeffrey Hoy
21 September 2000
19
Office of Basic Energy Sciences
Associate Director's Office Staff Contacts
Patricia Dehmer, Associate Director b Iran
Thomas, Deputy Associate Director Mary Jo
Martin, Secretary
Robert Astheimer F. Don Freeburn Stanley
Staten Sharon Long
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
Division
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
William Millman, Acting Director Karen Talamini,
Program Analyst Carolyn Dorsey, Secretary
b Iran Thomas, Director Christie Ashton, Program
Analyst Tarra Hardeman, Secretary
Metal, Ceramic, and Engineering Sciences
Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Chemistry
Fundamental Interactions
Energy Biosciences
Molecular Processes and Geosciences
Robert Gottschall Terry Jones, Proc. Tech.
William Oosterhuis Melanie Becker, Proc. Tech.
Paul Smith (Acting) Diane Matthews, Proc. Tech.
Allan Laufer Sharon Bowser, Proc. Tech.
Gregory Dilworth Patricia Snyder, Proc. Tech.
Structure and Composition of Materials
Experimental Condensed Matter Physics
Catalysis and Chemical Transformations
Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics
Plant Sciences and Microbiology
Robert Gottschall Vacant FTE uRobert Hwang, SNL
Jerry Smith
Vacant FTE uDaniel Melamed, BNL
Gregory Dilworth James Tavares
Eric Rohlfing
Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Radiation
Effects
Chemical Energy and Chemical Engineering
Biochemistry and Biophysics
Chemical Physics
Manfred Leiser Vacant FTE uDale Koelling, ANL
Walter Stevens Vacant FTE lSharlene Weatherwax,
UCLA
William Kirchhoff Eric Rohlfing
Yok Chen uRobert Hwang, SNL
Paul Maupin
Neutron and X-ray Scattering
Physical Behavior of Materials
Separations and Analysis
Photochemical and Radiation Sciences
Helen Kerch
Vacant FTE lDick Gordon, Wash. State U uNorman
Edelstein, LBNL
uAndrew Quong, LLNL uWendy Cieslak, SNL uRobert
Hwang, SNL lAngus Rockett, U. of IL
Mary Gress Walter Stevens
Neutron and X-ray Scattering Facilities
Heavy Element Chemistry
Facility Operations
Vacant FTE
Synthesis and Processing
Alan Dragoo Vacant FTE Timothy Fitzsimmons uAngus
Rockett, U. of IL
William Millman William Kirchhoff Paul Smith
Materials Chemistry
Paul Smith uNorman Edelstein, LBNL
Dick Kelley Vacant FTE Matesh Varma
Geosciences
Engineering Sciences
EPSCoR
Robert Price lBassem Armaly, U. of MO Timothy
Fitzsimmons uWendy Cieslak
Nicholas Woodward lRoger Turpening, MTU uHenry
Shaw, LLNL
Matesh Varma
Spallation Neutron Source
Jeffrey Hoy
21 September 2000
20
BES X-ray and Neutron Scattering Facilities
Advanced Photon Source
Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
Advanced Light Source
National Synchrotron Light Source
Spallation Neutron Source
High-Flux Isotope Reactor
Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center
21
BES Facilities Collaborative Research Centers
Advanced Photon Source
Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research
Materials Preparation Center
Center for Microanalysis of Materials
Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
National Synchrotron Light Source
Advanced Light Source
Spallation Neutron Source
National Center for Electron Microscopy
Surface Modification Characterization Center
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
Shared Research Equipment Program
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Combustion Research Facility
High-Flux Isotope Reactor
James R. MacDonald Lab
Pulse Radiolysis Facility
22
Lies, Damned Lies, and
Statistics
23
DOE Laboratories (SC, DP, EM, FE, EE)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Ames Laboratory
Argonne National Laboratory
Idaho National Environmental and Engineering
Laboratory
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
National Energy Technology Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratories, CA
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Sandia National Laboratories, AL
Multiprogram Laboratories
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Program-Dedicated Laboratories
24
FY99 DOE, SC, BES Funding to Labs
25
FY 99 BES Funding to Labs(with Construction)
SNS Const.
SNS
APS
HFIR
ALS
NSLS
REDC
IPNS
HFBR
CRF Const.
SSRL
LANSCE
CRF
26
FY 99 BES Funding to Labs(without Construction)
27
BES Funding Trends
28
BES Research Funding toDOE Laboratories and
Universities
29
Universities Funded by BES in FY 2000
- continued -
30
Universities Funded by BES in FY 2000
- continued -
31
BES Funding Trends - Research
32
BES Staffing Trends - Research
33
BES Staffing Trends - Facilities
34
What Did All That Mean?

• BES work at the DOE labs -- once dominated by
  individual investigator/small group activities --
  is now dominated by world-class scientific
  facilities serving the Nation, by collaborative
  research centers, by research associated with the
  themes of these facilities and centers, and by
  other research uniquely suited to the
  laboratories. This trend is supported by
  numerous blue-ribbon panels.
• Work at universities is a critical component of
  our portfolio. It has remained a constant
  fraction of the research portfolio for more than
  a decade, and it will so continue.
• Laboratory activities are increasingly linked to
  activities at other institutions.
• Flat funding for the physical sciences in SC
  isnt. Its much worse than flat.

35
The Future of BES Science

• This portfolio must maintain national leadership
  in special stewardship areas and must contribute
  to U.S. leadership in many more areas.
• Appropriate intramural and extramural programs
  must be strengthened or newly established, e.g.,
• Nanoscale Science Research Centers
• Special institutes (e.g., in catalysis where the
  U.S. is predicted to weaken relative to Europe
  and Japan)
• PI/Small group activities in academia and labs
• Facilities for the Nation
• X-ray and neutron scattering major user
  facilities
• Collaborative research centers
• Next generation facilities
• 15 per year for 5 years, a bold vision that
  must be coherently advanced

36
BES, BESAC, and You
37
Office of Science
Director Mildred Dresselhaus Principal Deputy
Director James F. Decker Deputy Director for
Operations Milton Johnson
BESAC BERAC HEPAP NSAC FESAC ASCAC
YOU ARE HERE
Office of Basic Energy Sciences Associate
Director Patricia Dehmer
Office of Biological and Environmental
Res. Associate Director Aristides Patrinos
Office of High Energy and Nuclear
Physics Associate Director S. Peter Rosen
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences Associate
Director N. Anne Davies
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Res. Associate Director Edward Oliver
Office of Resource Management Associate
Director John Rodney Clark
Office of Planning and Analysis Director William
Valdez
Office of Laboratory Policy Director Antoinette
Joseph

• BES Mission
• Foster and support fundamental research to
  provide the basis for new, improved,
  environmentally conscientious energy
  technologies
• Plan, construct, and operate major scientific
  user facilities for materials sciences and
  related disciplines to serve researchers from
  academia, federal laboratories, and industry

38
Mildred S. Dresselhaus
Director, Office of Science U.S. Department of
Energy 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC
20585 [phone] mildred.dresselhaus_at_sc.doe.go
v Currently on a leave of absence as Institute
Professor Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Dr. Dresselhaus is one of 12 Institute Professors
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT). A solid-state physicist, she holds
appointments in the Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Science and the
Department of Physics. She began her association
with MIT in 1960 when she joined the staff at
Lincoln Laboratory. She was later affiliated
with MIT's Center for Materials Science and
Engineering, which she directed from 1977-83, and
with the Francis Bitter National Magnet
Laboratory. Her current work focuses on various
carbon-based systems including fullerenes and
nanotubes, low dimensional thermoelectricity,
magnetism, and high-temperature
superconductivity. She is author of a
comprehensive source book on fullerenes and
another book on carbon nanotubes and fibers. Dr.
Dresselhaus has served as president of the AAAS
chair of the AAAS Board of Directors president
of the APS treasurer of the NAS. She has been a
member of the Councils of NAS and the NAE and is
also a member of the American Philosophical
Society, the Materials Research Society, and the
Society of Women Engineers. She is a fellow of
the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, APS,
and IEEE. Dr. Dresselhaus has received numerous
honors and awards including 17 honorary
doctorates and the National Medal of Science.
39
BESAC

• Established September 4, 1986.
• Operates in accordance with the Federal Advisory
  Committee Act (FACA, Public Law 92-463 92nd
  Congress, H.R. 4383 October 6, 1972) and all
  applicable FACA Amendments, Federal Regulations,
  and Executive Orders.
• Reports to the Director of the Office of Science,
  who provides the charge to the committee annually
  or as needed. The charter allows BESAC to
  provide
• Periodic reviews of elements of the Basic Energy
  Sciences program and recommendations based
  thereon.
• Advice on long-range plans, priorities, and
  strategies to address more effectively the
  scientific aspects of energy-related Basic Energy
  Sciences.
• Advice on appropriate levels of funding to
  develop those plans, priorities, and strategies
  and to help maintain appropriate balance between
  competing elements of the Basic Energy Sciences
  program.
• Advice on scientific aspects of Basic Energy
  Sciences issues of concern to the Department of
  Energy as requested by the Secretary or the
  Director of the Office of Science.
• A relatively large Advisory Committee meets 2-4
  times per year.

40
The Federal Advisory Committee Act

• Congress formally recognized the merits of
  seeking the advice and assistance of our Nation's
  citizens.
• Under FACA, advisory committees are created only
  when they are essential to the performance of a
  duty or responsibility conveyed upon the
  Executive Branch by law.
• Through the expertise of the advisory committee
  members, Federal officials and the Nation have
  access to information and advice on a broad range
  of issues affecting Federal policies and
  programs.
• FACA requires advisory committees to be fairly
  balanced in terms of the points of view
  represented and the functions to be performed.
  This includes sometimes strongly opposing views
  of members in order to provide a foundation for
  developing advice and recommendations to DOE that
  are fair and comprehensive.
• Federal Advisory Committees are the only
  mechanism by which federal officials may obtain
  consensus advice.
• http//www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fedadvca.htm

41
BESAC Subcommittees

• "Subcommittee(s) To facilitate the functioning
  of the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee,
  subcommittees may be formed. The objectives of
  the subcommittees are to make recommendations to
  the parent committee with respect to particular
  matters related to the responsibilities of the
  parent committee."
• Subcommittees are appointed and charged by the
  Chair of BESAC. They may meet in closed session
  but must report to BESAC in open session. BESAC
  considers the recommendations of the subcommittee
  and acts upon them. BESAC then reports to DOE.
• Much of the work of BESAC occurs between meeting
  by subcommittees
• Neutron Source Upgrades and Specifications for
  SNS (1996 Research Reactor Upgrades, Robert
  Birgeneau, Chair Spallation Neutron Source
  Upgrades, Gabriel Aeppli, Chair Technical
  Specifications for the Next Generation Spallation
  Source, Thomas Russell, Chair)
• DOE Synchrotron Radiation Sources and Science
  (November, 1997 Robert Birgeneau, Chair and
  Z.-X. Shen,Vice Chair)
• Novel, Coherent Light Sources (January, 1999
  Steve Leone, Chair)
• Review of the Advanced Light Source (February,
  2000 Yves Petroff, Chair)
• Review of the High Flux Isotope Reactor Upgrade
  and User Program (October, 1998 Jack Crow,
  Chair)
• Complex and Collective Systems (August, 1999)
• Review of the Electron Beam Microcharacterization
  Centers (February, 2000 John Stringer, Chair)
• Neutron Scattering (February, 2000 Martin Blume,
  Chair)
• Review of IPNS/LANSCE (Report due March, 2001
  Ward Plummer, Chair)
• BES Management/Award Process Review (Report due
  2001 Carl Lineberger, Chair)

42
Membership on BESAC

• As a committee member, you are entitled to
  contact Congress as long as
• the issue is related to you personally or your
  primary employment
• you are asked by Congress to do so
• It is lawful to meet with Members of Congress on
  subjects as described above while referencing
  federal documents resulting from advisory
  committee activities.
• It is unlawful to organize, or be part of an
  organized group, to orchestrate a group assault
  on Congress, using taxpayer dollars. Meaning
  you can't arrange BESAC or BES meetings to
  coordinate and orchestrate a group assault for
  basic science and research.
• As a Federal Advisory Committee member, you do
  not surrender your right under the First
  Amendment to petition the Government for a
  redress of grievances.

Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof or abridging the freedom
of speech, or of the press or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
government for a redress of grievances.
43
Membership on BESAC

• Members are required to recuse themselves from
  participating in any meeting, study,
  recommendation, or other Committee activity that
  could have a direct and predictable effect on the
  companies, organizations, or agencies with which
  they are associated or in which they have a
  financial interest.
• Members should also be aware that section 219(a),
  title 18, United States Code, makes it a criminal
  offense for a "public official" to be, or to act,
  as an agent of a foreign principal required to
  register under the Foreign Agents Registration
  Act of 1938. For this purpose the term "public
  official" has been interpreted to include members
  of Federal advisory committees.

44
2000-2001 BESAC Members
45
Mostafa El-Sayed
Julius Brown Chair and Regents
ProfessorDirector, Laser Dynamics
LaboratoriesEditor-in-Chief, The Journal of
Physical Chemistry School of Chemistry
Biochemistry Georgia Institute of
Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (404)
894-0292 mostafa.el-sayed_at_chemistry.gatech.edu
Professor El-Sayed received his B.Sc. from Ain
Shams U. Cairo, Egypt, and his Ph.D. from Florida
State University. After being a research
associate at Harvard, Yale, and the California
Institute of Technology, he was appointed to the
faculty of the University of California at Los
Angeles. In 1994, Professor El-Sayed became the
Julius Brown Professor and Director of the Laser
Dynamics Laboratory at the School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry of the Georgia Institute of
Technology. His research involves studying
ultrafast dynamics in molecules, in amorphous and
crystalline solid material in the bulk and on the
nanometer length scale, as well as in
photobiological systems. His studies involve
ultrafast time resolved laser techniques. He has
delivered one hundred invited talks at national
meetings and an equal number at international
meetings. He has delivered over 30 special named
lectures all over the U.S. and published over 380
papers, mostly in referred journals.
46
Laura Greene
Professor of PhysicsUniversity of Illinoisat
Urbana-Champaign1110 West Green StreetUrbana,
IL 61801-3080 USA [phone] lhg_at_uiuc.edu
Laura H. Greene received BS and MS degrees from
Ohio State, and in 1984 received a Ph.D. in
Physics from Cornell University investigating the
linear and non-linear far-infrared properties of
materials. She then joined Bell Laboratories, and
then Bellcore, where she researched thin-film
growth and tunneling of metallic multilayers,
heavy-Fermions, superconductor-semiconductor
hybrid structures and high-temperature
superconductors. In 1992, she joined the senior
physics faculty at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, where she continues her
research on the physics of highly-correlated
electron materials. Presently, her research
focuses on thin-film growth, superconductive
tunneling, optical properties and electron
paramagnetic resonance studies of
high-temperature superconducting thin films and
multilayers, and the interfaces between metallic
superconductors and compound-semiconductor
heterostructures. Over her career, Greene has
co-authored approximately 140 publications and
has presented over 180 invited talks.
47
Bradley Moore
Vice President for Research and Professor of
Chemistry 208 Bricker Hall 190 North Oval Mall
Columbus, OH 43210-1321 [phone]
moore.1_at_osu.edu
Professor Moore received his A.B. in Chemistry at
Harvard University in 1960 and Ph.D. in Chemistry
at the University of California, Berkeley in
1963. He worked on the faculty at UC Berkeley
from 1963 until 2000 where he served as Vice
Chairman and Chairman of the Chemistry Department
and Dean of the College of Chemistry. He was a
Faculty Senior Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory from 1974 until 2000 and was
Director of its Chemical Sciences Division from
1998 until 2000. He joined The Ohio State
University as Vice President for Research and
Distinguished Professor of Mathematics and
Physical Sciences in 2000. He was elected to the
National Academy of Sciences in 1986 and the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1996.
Professor Moore has received numerous research
awards. Professor Moore was the founding chair of
the Committee for Undergraduate Science Education
of the National Academy of Sciences and National
Research Council, has guided undergraduate
curriculum development and is a Trustee of
Science Service, Inc.
48
Cherry Murray
Vice President Physical Sciences Research Lucent
Technologies 700 Mountain Avenue, Room
1D269 Murray Hill, NJ 07974 (908)
582-5849 camurray_at_lucent.com
Ph.D. Physics, M.I.T. B.S. Physics,
M.I.T. Bell Labs Service over 20 years of
service (June 1978) Former Positions Member of
Technical Staff (MTS), Low Energy and Scattering
Research Distinguished Member of Technical Staff
(1985), Low Temperature Physics Research
Department Head (1987), Low Temperature Physics
Research Department Head (1990), Condensed
Matter Physics Department Head (1993),
Semiconductor Physics Director (1997), Physics
Research. Current Research Programs - Imaging
of order-disorder transistions in colloidal
crystals, controlled self-assembly of optical
materials, and Raman scattering from very small
monodisperse Si quantum dots. Latest Technical
and Career Milestones - Discovered, along with
graduate student, Jane Cerise, quantitative and
qualitative differences in single particle
trajectories associated with structural
relaxation at different undercooling levels in a
model colloidal bidispere system undergoing a
fluid-glass transition.
49
Kathleen Taylor
Director Materials Processes Laboratory MC
480-106-224 GM Research Development
Center 30500 Mound Road Warren MI
48090-9055 [phone] kathleen.c.taylor_at_gm.com
Douglass College, Rutgers The State U, AB,
(chem), 64 Northwestern U, Ph D, (phys chem),
68 Dartmouth College, 89, Tuck Executive
Program Univ of Edinburgh. Prof. Exp
Postdoctoral Fellow, 68-70 General Motors
Corporation, Assoc Senior Research Chemist,
70-74 Senior Research Chemist, 74-75 Asst Dept
Head Phys Chem, 75-83 Dept Head Env Science,
83-85 Dept Head Phys Chem, 85-96 Dept Head Phys
and Phys Chem, 96-98 Director Materials and
Processes, 98-Present. Research areas include
management of research and development in
materials science and engineering. Primary
research responsibilities are metallurgy,
polymers, composites, protective and wear
resistant coatings, light metals, magnetic and
optical materials, casting, molding, forming,
joining, and mechanical properties.