SMEs

1
?????????????????????????????????????? SMEs

• ??.???????? ????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??
• ??????????????? ??????????????????
• kulachet.mo_at_spu.ac.th

2
Agenda

• Session 1 (????????)
• ?????????????????????
• ??????????? logistics and supply chain
• ???? logistics and supply chain ?????????????????
• IT ??? logistics and supply chain
• ?????????????????

3
?????????????????????

• ?????????????????? / ??????????????????? ....
• ???????
• ??????
• ???????
• ??????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????

4
?????????????????????
??????

???????????????????
??????
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???????????
??
??????
????
????????
?????????
5
?????????

• ??????? ?????? ????
• ???? ??????? ??????

6
Changes
It is not the strongest of the species that
survive,nor the most intelligent,but the ones
most responsive to change. ???????????????????
?????? ???????????????????? ...???????????? ...
?????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????? Charles Darwin
7
Porter's Value Chain
Company Infrastructure

Organization, People and Methods
Support Activities
MARGIN

Systems and Technology
Procurement
Inbound Logistics
Operation
Outbound Logistics
Marketing Sales
Service
MARGIN
Finished Goods
Primary Activities
Raw Material
Competitive Strategy Porter, 1980
8
What Is The Value Chain?

• It is how businesses receive raw materials as
  input, add value to the raw materials through
  various processes, and sell finished products to
  customers.

Porters Generic Value Chain
HDD-Ref-2
9
Extended Value Chain
Customers Value Chain
Suppliers Value Chain
Channel Value Chain
Organizations Value Chain
Organizations Value Chain
Company Infrastructure

Organization, People and Methods
Support Activities
MARGIN

Systems and Technology
Procurement
Inbound Logistics
Operation
Outbound Logistics
Marketing Sales
Service
MARGIN
Primary Activities
Competitive Strategy Porter, 1980
10
??????????
???????????????

• ?????????????????????
• ????????????????? ???? ?????????????????????

????????????????????????????????
Dr. Ron Tibben-Lembke
11
??????????????????
?????????? ???????????????????
???????????????????????????

• ?????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????

?????????????????????????????????
Dr. Ron Tibben-Lembke
Dr. Ron Tibben-Lembke
12
CSCMP Definition of Supply Chain Management

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  (Coordination)??????????????????
  (Collaboration)???????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????? ???????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????? ????????? ???
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????

13
Supply Chain Management Boundaries
Relationships

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????
  ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????? ??????
  ?????????????????? ??????? ????????????????????

14
Definition of Logistics Management

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????

15
Definition of Logistics Management

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
  ?????????????????? ??????????????
  ????????????????????? ???????????????????????????
  ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????? ??????????????????
  ????????????????????????? ??????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????? ????????
  ?????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????? ???? ??????? ??????
  ??????? ???????????????????????????

16
????????????????????????? ?
17
Logistics Management

• New Management System to Adapt to Unclear Market

Company Infrastructure
Organization, People and Methods
MARGIN
Systems and Technology
Procurement
Customers
Inbound Logistics
Operation
Outbound Logistics
Marketing Sales
Service
MARGIN
Dynamics Alignment
Logistics
18
?????????????????????????
??????????????? / ???????????
??????? ?????????? ???????
Logistics Performance
Operations
Suppliers
Customers
Procurement
Distribution
?????????????????
?????????????
19
???????????????????????

• ???????????? the RIGHT product,
• ???????? in the RIGHT quantity,
• ??????? in the RIGHT condition,
• ??????????????? is delivered to the RIGHT
  customer
• ?????????? at the RIGHT place,
• ??????? at the RIGHT time,
• ????????? at the RIGHT cost.

Source 4.05
20
?????????????????????????

• ??????????????????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????
• 1) ????????????????????????????
• 2) ??????????????????? ???????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???
• ???????????????????????????????
• (Customer Service Level) ?????????? !!

21
????????????????????
Fragmentation (1940s-1960s)
????????????? 1990s
?????????? (1970s)
????????????? (1980s)
?????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????
???????? ?????????? ??????????????. ??????????????
???????
????????????????
?????????????????
????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????
?????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????? ??
????????????????????
????????????????
??????????????????
????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????
?????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????
?????
???????????????
???????????????

22
Major Logistics Functions

• Procurement
• Raw material Inventory Management
• Manufacturing Management
• Warehousing
• Transportation
• Distribution Management
• Retail Management
• Outsourcing
• Logistics information management

23
Old and New Concept in Logistics and SCM
Conventional
Customer
Supply Chain Management
Contemporary
Customer
Raw Material
Distribution Center
Retailers
Manufacturing
Material Flow (delivery)
Core component
Information (order)
24
Enterprise Integration
Manufacturing
HRM
Sales
Logistics
QA
Marketing
IT
Accounting
Engineering
25
?????????????????????????????????????????
26
Basic Concept

• The key concepts of logistics and SCM are
• Integration
• Process
• Flow

27
???????????????? (Logistics Thinking)

• ?????? (Customers)
• ??????????????? (Value to Customer)
• ???????????????????? (Value Added Process)
• ???????? (Raw Material)
• ????????????????? (Suppliers)
• ?????? (Flow)

28
???????????????? (Logistics Thinking)
????????
?????????
?????????????????
????????????????????
??????
Flow
Flow
29
Product Design
Customers

• Value Based Functions
• ?????????????????????????????????

• Value Based Logistics
• ?????????????????????????????????????????

30
????????????????????????????????????
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??????
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???????
??????????
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??????
31
????????????????????????????????????
????
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??????
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???????
??????????
????
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??????
32
????????????????????????????????????
????
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??????
????
??????
??
???????
??????????
????
????
??????
33
????????????????????????????????????
????
???
??????
????
??????
??
???????
??????????
????
????
??????
34
21st Century Technology
Collaboration
35
(No Transcript)
36
Bullwhip Effect (????????????????)
37
?????????????????
?????????????????
??????????? ?????????
????????
Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value
Chain Management, 1998
38
Bullwhip Effect
HDD-Ref-1
39
??????????????????????...
?????????????????
??????????? ?????????
????????
Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value
Chain Management, 1998
40
???????????????????????...
??????????? ?????????
??????
????????
Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value
Chain Management, 1998
41
Three Level Supply Chain Flows
??????????????????
??????????????????????
????????????????
?????????????????
?????????????????
????????????????
?????????????????
Raw Material
Stock Points
Stock Points
Stock Points
??????? ???????? ??????
?????????? ?????????? ??????????
????????? ????????
???????? ?? ????????
?????? ????????
Inventory Level
Finished Good
42
Three Level Supply Chain Flows
??????????????????
??????????????????????
????????????????
?????????????????
?????????????????
????????????????
Raw Material
Finished Good
Stock Points
Stock Points
Stock Points
Inventory Level
??????? ?????????
????????????? ??????????
?????? ?????
???????????? ????????
?????? ?????
43
Three Level Supply Chain Flows
??????????????????
??????????????????????
????????????????
?????????????????
?????????????????
????????????????
SRM E-Business
ERP
CRM E-Business
Raw Material
Finished Good
Stock Points
Stock Points
Stock Points
Inventory Level
??????? ?????????
????????????? ??????????
?????? ?????
???????????? ????????
?????? ?????
44
Three Level Supply Chain Flows
??????????????????
SAP APO (Advanced Planning Optimization)
??????????????????????
????????????????
?????????????????
?????????????????
????????????????
Raw Material
Finished Good
Stock Points
Stock Points
Stock Points
Inventory Level
??????? ?????????
????????????? ??????????
?????? ?????
???????????? ????????
?????? ?????
45
?????????

• Bar Code
• RFID
• EDI ??? ???????????
• Warehouse management systems (WMSs)
• Transportation Management Systems (TMS)
• Interface to enterprise requirements planning
  (ERP)
• systems

46
????????????????????????????????????????????
Extended Enterprise
Virtual Enterprise
????????????
(1) Ralf Schundelmeier, 1999
47
End-to-End Visibility
??????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????
??????????? ???????
????????????????????? ???????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????
??????????????? ??????????
ltHenry Bruce, 1999gt
48
Creation of True Network Visibility
Customers
Carriers
Suppliers
Fulfillment
Sourcing
Who Needs Visibility in Logistics.. EVERYONE!
Source 3.05 Otto Schacht
49
The Blindman and The Elephant
50
Supply Chain Manager
51
??????????????? ??? Supply Chain
52
???????....
53
???????....??????
??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????
(3) Malcolm Lewis

54
???????????? Product Costs

• ??????????
• ???????? / ?????????? 50
• ?????????? 10
• ?????????? ????????? 10
• ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????? 10
• ???? 10
• ?????????? 10
• ??? 100

55
???????????????? Logistics Costs

• ??????????????????? ?? 2546
• ??????????
• ?????????????? 3.5
• ??????????????????????? 2.4
• ?????????????????????????????? 0.8
• ?????????????????? 0.9
• ?????????????????????????????????????? 2.0
• ??????????? 9.6

56
THE TOYOTA WAY
??????????????? ???????????????? Lean
Manufacturing
57
??????????????
58
??????????????

• ?????????? Kiichiro Toyoda
• ????????????? Toyoda Automatic Loom Works ????
  1937
• ?????????????????????? 1947
• ????????????? ????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????? 50
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????? Toyota Production System - TPS
  ??????????????? Taiichi Ohno
• ?????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????? ???? 1959
• ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
  3 ?????? (????????)
• ???????????????????? 4.5 ????????????
  ?????????????????????????????? 1 ??????????? ? 6
  ??????

59
??????????????? ? ??????????????????
60
?????? ???????????????????
61
???????????????????????????????
TOYOTA

• ?????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????? ? ????????????????
  ??????????????????????? 2002 ?????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????? ??????? 2003
  ????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????

Source Forbes
62
???????????????????????????????
TOYOTA

• ??????????????? (??????) ?????????????????????????
  ??????????

Source Forbes
63
?????? (????????) ???????????????
TOYOTA

• ?????????? (????????) ??????????????? 3
  ???????????????????????????

64
???????????????????????????????
TOYOTA

• ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????

Source Forbes
65
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? (?? 2003)

• ??????????????????????????
• 105 ???????????????????
• ??????????????????? ??????????????????? 3 ??????
  (GM, Ford, Chrysler) ??????
• 84 ???????????????????

Source Forbes
66
?????????? ? ????????????????

• ??????? Camry ????????????????????????????????????
  ?? 5 ?? ????????? ??????????????????? Ford ??? GM
• ??????? Lexus ???????????????????????????????
  2003 ?????????????? J.D.Powers and Associates
  ????????? 10 ?????????
• ??????????????????????????????????? SP
  ??????????????? ?????????? AAA, GM ??? BBB,
  Ford ??? BBB- ??? Chrysler ??? BBB

67
Source Fortune Magazine July 26, 2004
Big 3
68
????????????????????
69
The Toyota Way

• ???????????????????????????????? ???????????
  (Core Value) ?????????????????????????????????????
  ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????
  The Toyota Way ???????????????
  ????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????? Mr. Teruyuki Minoura ???????????
  ??????????? DNA ?????????? ???????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????? ??????????????????? ???
  ??????????????????? ???????????????

???????????????????????????????? Gary Covis
?????? TMMK ?????? Toyota Changes and
Challenges - 8 ??????? 2001
70
The Toyota Way

• TPS Toyota Production System ????????????????
• TPS ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????
  ??????????????? ?????????????????????????
• TPS ????????????????????????? The Toyota Way -
  ???????????????
• ??????????????? ????????????????????????????????
  ??????????
• ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
  ???? ? ??????????? TPS ????????????

71
???????????????? TPS

• ??????????????????? ???????????????
• ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????
  ???? (???????????????, ????????????
  ??????????????????)
• ????????????????????????? ??????????????????
  ????????????????????????? (Value Added VA)
  ????????????????????????? (Non Value Added NVA)

72
???????? TPS ??? ?????????????????

• TPS thinking is guided by a focus on
• Waste Elimination

73
3MUs

• Muda (????????????)
• Mura (???????????????)
• Muri (??????????????????)

74
????????????????????

• ?????????????????? (Over Production)
• ???????? ???? ?????????????????????? (Waiting)
• ?????????????????????????? (Unnecessary
  Transport)
• ????????????????????????????? ??????????????????
  (Overprocessing, Incorrect Processing)
• ?????????????????????? (Excess Inventory)
• ????????????????????????? (Unnecessary Movement)
• ?????????????????????? (Defects)
• ?????????????????????????????????????????
  (Unused Employee Creativity)

???????????? Dr. Jeffrey Liker
75
??????? E C R S

• E Eliminate (??????)
• C Combine (??????)
• R Rearrange (????????????)
• S Simplify (?????????)

76
5WHY
77
5 ?
78
?????????? ??? ??????????????
???????????????????? TPS ?????????????????????????
?????? 40 ?? ?????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????? ???????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????
The Challenge Implementation