prEN 8131 Accessible Goods Only Lifts

1
prEN 81-31Accessible Goods Only Lifts

• Presentation to
• CEN / TC 10 / WG 1
• L. Faletto

22/02/2005
2
prEN 81-31 Background

• The draft of this standard has been completed
• WG1 is asked to evaluate the work done and give
  permission to initiate the Public Inquiry Phase
• This presentation highlights
• the general structure of the standard
• the overall boundaries of the product
• The specific requirements, where different from
  those for lifts
• The documentation to be provided together with
  the machine hardware
• The verifications and tests to be carried out
• Vendor information for use

3
prEN 81-31 Background

• The Goods Only lifts Accessible for the
  operations of loading and unloading, are
  equipments for the transportation of goods, that
  fall under the Machinery Directive
• They shall be actuated by the drives covered by
  EN 81-1 and EN 81-2 standards
• Traction Drum
• Hydro
• Other drives might be added in future by
  including the requirements in a specific Annex

4
prEN 81-31 Structure

• The structure of the draft is according to CEN
  Guide 414
• Foreward
• 0 Introduction
• 0.1 General
• 0.2 Principles
• 0.3 Assumptions
• 1 Scope
• 2 Normative references
• 3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols
• 4 List of significant hazards
• 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
• 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or
  protective measures
• 6.1 Verification and tests
• 7 Information for use
• 7.1 Notices, markings and operating instructions
• 7.2 Vendor information for use

5
prEN 81-31 Structure

• Annex A (n) List of the electric safety devices
• Annex B (n) Unlocking triangle
• Annex C (n) Technical dossier
• Annex D (n) Examinations and tests before
  putting into service
• Annex E (i) Periodical examinations and tests,
  examinations and tests after an important
  modification or after an accident
• Annex F (n) Safety components - Test procedures
  for verification of conformity
• Annex G (n) Driving systems taken into account
• Annex H (i) Walls and landing doors facing a LCU
  entrance
• Annex I (n) Calculations of rams, cylinder and
  pipes
• Annex J (i) Information to the user/owner
• Annex K (n) Electronic components - Failure
  exclusion
• Annex L (n) Headrooms and pits
• Annex ZA (i) Clauses addressing other provisions

6
prEN 81-31 Assumptions

• Negotiations have been made, between the parties
  involved and decisions have been taken at least
  particularly about
• The intended use of the AGO lift and its limits
• Environmental conditions, including surrounding
  lighting
• Compliance of the civil engineering with the
  requirements of this standard for those parts of
  the installation, which belong to the building
  and are not provided by the manufacturer
• The location of the AGO lift to be such that
  users using the AGO lift have means conveniently
  available to them, to access the different
  landing levels served, either a staircase or a
  means for the transportation of persons, within a
  reasonable distance.
• Design of the load bearing elements includes
  provisions for taking into account possible
  overloading.

7
prEN 81-31 Assumptions

• For horizontal forces,
• Usual 300N and 1000N
• Higher values to be taken into account where
  powered or hand powered means for loading and
  unloading are intended to be used
• A mechanical device built according to good
  practice and the requirements of the standard
  will not deteriorate to a point of creating
  hazard without the possibility of detection as
  long as regular and periodical examinations,
  tests and maintenance are carried out according
  to the instruction manual delivered with the
  installation.
• AGO lifts are used only by authorised and
  instructed users
• key operated control buttons,
• key card operated control or similar devices or
• the AGO lifts in an area where only trained
  persons have access

8
prEN 81-31 Scope

• This standard applies for new electric AGO lifts
  
• with traction, positive or hydraulic drive
• permanently installed in restricted areas
• and/or only used by authorised and instructed
  persons,
• serving fixed and permanent landing levels,
• with a LCU made of a single load carrying area,
• designed for the transportation of goods only,
• moving along a fixed path (e.g. scissor lifts,
  lifts with guide rails, etc.)
• and inclined not more than 15 to the vertical,
• with rated speed not exceeding 1 m/s.

9
prEN 81-31 Scope

• Two types of AGO lifts are addressed
• Type A, where the intended use is bound to the
  following three simultaneous conditions
• Maximum levels served 4
• Maximum rated speed 0,30 m/s
• Maximum travelling height 12 m
• Type B, where one of the conditions mentioned
  above is not fulfilled.
• This standard is not applicable to AGO lifts
• with more than one machine
• where loading and unloading is automated or the
  LCU floor is fitted with mobile devices for
  loading and unloading
• intended to carry bulk loads (e.g. loose sand,
  gravel)
• making use of
• translucent material for the walls of the well
  and machinery spaces, for the LCU and for the
  landing doors
• Programmable Electronic Systems (PESSRAL).

10
prEN 81-31 Definitions

• - accessibility
• for the purpose of this standard, a goods only
  lift is regarded as accessible where one of the
  following conditions is satisfied
• Floor area of the LCU is greater than 1,0 m2
• Depth of the LCU is greater than 1,0 m
• Height of the LCU is greater than 1,2 m.
• In case of a platform, it is considered
  accessible when the height of the landing doors
  is more than 1,20 m.
• - platform
• a LCU including the floor, and which may have
  wall(s) and entrance(s)
• - restricted area
• area in which only trained and/or authorized
  persons may have access

11
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Where the AGO lift is located in a restricted
  area and the well is not required to contribute
  against the spread of fire, the well enclosure
  can be perforated and
• It shall comply with EN 294, Table 2
• It shall not be possible to interfere with the
  operation of the lift by reaching lift equipment
  within the well.
• The well shall be totally enclosed by imperforate
  walls, floor and ceiling in the following cases
• Type B AGO lifts
• Type A AGO lifts not placed in a restricted area
• In sections of the building where the well is
  required to contribute against the spread of fire

12
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Top clearances (LCU no roof in its ultimate
  position)
• The free vertical distance between the lowest
  parts of the ceiling of the well and
• The highest pieces of equipment fixed on the LCU
  enclosure, except for those below, shall be at
  least 0,30 m
• The highest part of the guide shoes, of the rope
  attachments and of the header or parts of
  vertically sliding doors and of an upward
  travelling part of the machinery assembly (ram
  head, etc.) shall be at least 0,10 m
• The clearance above the LCU floor shall be at
  least 0,10 m more than the highest landing door,
  with a minimum of 1,80 m.

13
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Top clearances

14
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Top clearances (LCU with roof in its ultimate
  position)
• no inspection control station on the LCU roof
• a stop switch on the LCU roof and
• minimum clearance 0,10 m
• inspection control station on the LCU roof
• requirements of EN 81-12 apply and free spaces
  shall be provided, either
• Obtained by means of well dimensions, or
• Achieved with the application of the requirements
  listed in Annex L.1 or L.2 as applicable (derived
  from prEN 81-21)
• Type B AGO lifts shall comply with the
  requirements of EN 81-12 or prEN 81-21
• For AGO lifts with positive drive and a speed
  less than 0,3 m/s the guided travel of the car
  from the top floor until it strikes the upper
  fixed stop(s) shall be at least 0,20 m.

15
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Pit clearances
• presence of people in the pit shall be detected
  (such as a manually operated safety switch
  accessible from outside of the well pit) and
• For maintenance purposes, mechanical means,
  electrically checked with a safety switch, shall
  be provided to limit the travel of the LCU as
  fixed stops, to assure a clearance of min 2,0 m
  height between the floor of the pit and the
  lowest part of the LCU or its supporting
  structure
• This means can be the same as the one used to
  prevent the LCU from leaving the landing.
• If the effort required to position the
  mechanical means exceeds 200 N or the lower
  effort applicable according to EN 1005, Part 3,
  its actuation has to be powered
• The operation of the mechanical means shall cause
  the illumination of an indicating light under the
  LCU and visible from the pit

16
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Lighting of the well
• At least a socket outlet shall be provided in the
  well for lighting by means of portable lamp
• If the LCU is intended to be used as a working
  platform for maintenance and service operation,
  there shall be a lighting in the well giving a
  minimum light intensity of 50 lux at the working
  places

17
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Access to machinery
• General
• The clear dimensions of openings shall allow the
  possible replacement of the AGO lift components.
  This might include the dismantling of machine
  room enclosure panels.
• The dimensions shall be at least 0,60 m x 0,60 m,
  or other openings can be adapted to suit
  replacement of components.
• The clear height for moving shall be at least
  1,80 m
• The clear height in the working areas shall be at
  least 2,0 m
• Non accessible machinery spaces
• Where maintenance is to be carried out from
  outside of the machinery spaces, the distance
  from the sill of doors or traps to any components
  requiring maintenance, adjustment or inspection
  shall not exceed 0,60 m.
• Suitable provisions shall be taken where the
  maximum forces to be exerted during maintenance
  exceed the values given in EN 1005, Part 3.

18
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Landings
• Height of openings
• The clear height of the openings at landings
  shall be more than 1,20 m.
• When the clear height is less than 1,80 m,
  loading and unloading of the LCU is intended to
  be carried out from outside of the well, e.g. by
  use of containers or pallets.
• "LCU here" indication
• An indication of the presence of the LCU at the
  landing shall be given by means of
• An illuminated signal, which can only light up
  when the LCU is about to stop or has stopped at
  the particular landing. The signal shall remain
  illuminated whilst the LCU remains there, or
• One or more transparent door vision panels and
  the LCU shall be continuously electrically
  illuminated

19
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Doors
• Doors of AGO lifts, including their frame, shall
  be imperforate
• Landing doors made of glass shall not be used
• Automatic power operated doors shall not be used
• The door locking device is regarded as a safety
  component. Annex F.1 gives a method to test the
  locking device.
• Each landing door with a locking device shall be
  fitted with an emergency unlocking device
• In case of type B AGO lifts with reduced headroom
  only the lowest and highest landing doors shall
  be provided with the manual unlocking device

20
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Load carrying unit
• General
• The LCU structure can range from a platform with
  protection means up to a fully enclosed car.
• The rated load shall be linked to the weight of
  the goods to be transported.
• The rated load shall not be less than 300 kg.
• To prevent an overloading of the LCU by goods,
  the relation between the rated load and available
  area of the LCU shall not be less than 200 kg/m².
• Where the rated load exceeds 1000 kg, an overload
  device shall be provided.
• In addition, design calculations for the LCU
  shall take into account not only the load carried
  but also the weight of handling devices, which
  may enter the LCU

21
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• LCU Enclosure
• to prevent the risk of persons falling off the
  LCU at its sides there shall be provided a
  guarding consisting of
• a handrail at 1,10 m height, a toe guard of 0,15
  m height and an intermediate bar or
• a well enclosure, provided the distance between
  the outer edge of the LCU and the continuous
  surface of the well enclosure does not exceed 35
  mm.
• a complete LCU wall
• to prevent movable goods from falling outside of
  the LCU during travel, devices, e.g. walls,
  ceiling, retainers, barriers, roller blinds,
  doors, etc., shall be provided. They shall be
  part of the LCU and appropriate in strength and
  design to the goods to be transported.

22
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• The entrances to the LCU and its interior clear
  height shall be at least 1,80 m except if loading
  and unloading do not require the LCU to be
  entered, e.g. by use of container or pallet.
• Where the LCU is not fitted with a ceiling,
• the minimum clear height the minimum clear
  height of the landing doors
• the maximum clear height related to the goods
  to be transported
• Lighting
• The load carrying unit shall be continuously
  illuminated with a light intensity of at least 50
  lux at floor level when the landing door is open.
• The lighting of the landing can contribute to the
  lighting of the load carrying unit if it is
  always available when the lift is used

23
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Equipment on top of the load carrying unit
• If the load carrying unit, including its
  roof, is intended to be used as a working
  platform for maintenance and service operations,
  the following shall be provided
• Stopping device
• Socket outlet at the working area
• A lighting in the well giving a minimum light
  intensity of 50 lux at the working places
• An inspection control station box if the
  maintenance operations are intended to be carried
  out with movement of the load carrying unit.
• This provision shall always apply to type B
  AGO lifts.

24
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Rope/chain and sheave, pulley, drum ratios to
  rope diameter
• The ratio between the minimum breaking load, in
  Newton, of one suspension rope/chain and the
  maximum force, in Newton, in this rope/chain,
  when the load carrying unit is stationery at the
  lowest landing with its rated load, shall be at
  least 8
• The ratio between the pitch diameter of sheaves,
  pulleys or drums and the nominal diameter of the
  suspension ropes shall be at least 30.

25
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Means to prevent uncontrolled movement of the LCU
• from those positions where it needs to be
  accessed

26
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Means against uncontrolled movements

27
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Detecting device for uncontrolled movement from
  stopped position
• A device which detects that a LCU is moving away
  uncontrolled from a stopped position shall be
  provided.
• This device shall have detected the uncontrolled
  movement of the LCU when the LCU has moved away
  up to a maximum of 0,10 m in either direction
  from the stopped position.
• After detection of the uncontrolled movement,
  this device shall operate the mechanical safety
  device either mechanically or by means of an
  electric safety circuit

28
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Mechanical safety device for stopping
  uncontrolled movement of the load carrying unit
• A mechanical safety device shall be provided to
  stop uncontrolled movement of the load carrying
  unit.
• It shall cause the LCU to stop within a distance
  of 0,20 m maximum
• It shall not be tripped by devices that are
  operated electrically, hydraulically or
  pneumatically
• The following devices are considered as complying
  with such requirements
• Safety gears
• Clamping devices
• Pawl devices.

29
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Overspeed detection device
• Tripping speed of the overspeed detection device
  for the LCU and/or the counterweight safety gear
  shall occur at least at 115 of the rated speed
  and shall not exceed
• 150 of the rated speed, or
• 0,80 m/s
• whichever is the higher
• The overspeed detection device is regarded as a
  safety component. Annex F.4 gives a method for
  testing the rope driven overspeed detection
  device.
• Rupture valve
• Restrictor, also one-way-restrictor
• Protection for traction sheaves, pulleys and
  sprockets
• Guarding of machinery

30
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• General provisions concerning guiding system
• To limit to 10 mm horizontal movements of the LCU
  in the landings during loading and unloading
• To resist to loads and forces during intended use
  of the AGO lift and caused by the application of
  the safety devices with a minimum safety factor
  of 3 to the breaking load Rm of the material or
  with a safety factor of 2,5 against buckling.
• Loads, stresses and deflections
• Stresses shall be limited taking into account the
  distribution of the rated load in the LCU
  according to the intended use as negotiated
• EN 81-1, annex G (G.2, G.3 and G.4) gives a
  method for determining the distribution of the
  load.
• Guiding of the LCU, counterweight/balancing
  weight
• The guiding means shall be made from drawn steel,
  or the rubbing surfaces shall be machined, if the
  speed exceeds 0,40 m/s.

31
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Fixed stops and buffers for LCU and
  counterweight, balancing weight
• For type B AGO lifts with rated speed higher than
  0,30 m/s the fixed stop shall be a buffer.
• Final limit switches
• Lift machine
• Use may be made of belts for coupling the motor
  or motors to the component on which the
  electro-mechanical brake operates. In this case a
  minimum of two belts shall be used.
• Where electric positive and traction drives are
  not equipped with overspeed detection device and
  safety gear, at least one supplementary belt
  shall be provided

32
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Electric installations and appliances
• Degree of protection
• In the machinery and pulley spaces protection
  against direct contact shall be provided by means
  of casings providing a degree of protection of at
  least IP 2X.
• Main switches
• Electric wiring
• Protection against electric faults controls
  priorities
• Controls
• Control of re-levelling with landing doors open
• Control of inspection operation

33
prEN 81-31 Specific requirements

• Control of normal operation
• by the aid of buttons or similar devices, such as
  touch control, magnetic cards, etc. placed in
  boxes, such that no live parts are accessible to
  the user.
• No control shall be possible from the inside of
  the load carrying unit.
• A landing doors open or an opening of any landing
  doors shall respectively not permit or cancel any
  registration of calls.
• Control devices shall be protected against
  unauthorised use. In areas such as public areas,
  shopping areas, restaurants, hotels,
  condominiums, etc., where unauthorised or non
  trained persons have free access or can access to
  the controls, they shall be fitted with key
  switches, key cards, locked access cabinet,
  removable hand held controls, etc. (see 0.2.4 and
  0.3.14).
• Stopping devices

34
prEN 81-31 Verification and tests

• Verification of the safety requirements and/or
  protective measures
• Verification and tests
• The technical dossier (see Annex C) prepared and
  kept by the manufacturer shall contain the
  necessary information to show that the
  constituent parts are correctly designed and the
  installation is in conformity with this standard.
  
• Verification of design
• Table 9 indicates the methods by which the safety
  requirements and measures described in clause 5
  shall be verified by the manufacturer for each
  new model of AGO lift, together with a reference
  to the corresponding subclauses in this standard.
  
• All verification records shall be kept by the
  manufacturer.

35
prEN 81-31 Verification and tests

• Verification tests before putting into service
• Static and dynamic tests to ensure that the AGO
  lift has been correctly manufactured and
  assembled in order to check that all the devices
  provided are present and operating correctly.
• These tests may be carried out at the
  manufacturer's premises or those of his
  authorised representative or at the place of use.
  
• Annex D gives the details of the procedures to be
  followed for carrying out the tests.
• A test report shall be prepared with a brief
  description and the result of the tests made and
  recorded by the manufacturer/vendor.

36
prEN 81-31 Verification and tests

• In particular it shall be verified
• Proper function of all limit switches
• Proper function of all controls
• Function of the overspeed safety device within
  specified limits, if provided
• Function of the safety gear, if provided
• Function of the pawl devices, if provided
• Function of the rupture valve/one way restrictor,
  if provided
• Triggering of overload detection device between
  1,0 and 1,2 times rated load
• Proper value of counterweight/balancing weight
  mass to suit manufacturer's design
• Braking distance of brake system within specified
  limits
• Proper function of landing doors locks
• Functional test of the alarm device
• Dynamic test
• With overload detection device 1,2 times rated
  load
• Without overload detection device 1,3 times
  rated load
• Electrical tests as specified in EN 60204-32.

37
prEN 81-31 Verification and tests

• Periodical examinations
• Periodical examinations and tests on AGO lifts
  shall be carried out after they are put into
  service to verify that they are in good
  condition.
• Annex E.1 gives some guidance for carrying out
  these periodical examinations and tests.
• Examinations and tests after important
  modifications or accidents
• Guidance shall be given about examinations and
  tests to be carried out after important
  modifications or accidents to ascertain that AGO
  lifts continue to conform to this standard.
• Annex E.2 gives some guidance for carrying out
  these examinations and tests.

38
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Notices, markings and operating instructions
• Information for use of the machine shall be
  provided in accordance with clause 6 of EN ISO
  12100-22003 Rating plate
• The manufacturer shall provide the following
  information on one or more durable labels fixed
  in a prominent place on the AGO lift
• name and address of the manufacturer or his
  representative
• type designation
• serial number
• year of construction
• rated load kg
• lifting height
• wire rope data, where applicable
• rated speed.

39
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Inside the load carrying unit it shall be
  displayed
• The rated load of the goods only lift in
  kilograms together with a warning indicating
• TRANSPORT OF PERSONS FORBIDDEN
• A warning notice, clearly visible, stating
• "IMMOBILISE THE LOAD"
• where the the goods might move inside the LCU
  during transport
• At landings
• The control devices shall be clearly identified
  by reference to their function e.g. -2, -1, 0,
  1, 2, 3, etc.
• Instructions to ensure safe usage of the goods
  only lift shall be placed near the landing
  control station, saying at least
• The use of the AGO lift is restricted to
  authorised person only
• After using the goods only lift, it is necessary
  to close manually operated doors and manually
  controlled power operated doors

40
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Safety components
• Overspeed detection device
• Buffer
• Locking devices
• Safety gear
• Ascending LCU overspeed protection means
• Rupture valve/One-way restrictor
• On the safety components a data plate shall be
  fixed indicating
• The name of the manufacturer of the component
• The relevant adjustment (tripping speed or
  tripping flow, as applicable)
• Data identifying the type of safety component.

41
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Vendor information for use
• It shall be provided an instruction manual
  according to EN 13015
• Contents of the instruction manual
• General information
• Manufacturer's name and address or that of his
  authorised representative
• Year and country of manufacture
• Model designation and serial number
• General description of the AGO lift, including
• The intended use and its limits,
• Restrictions to use,
• The intended specific health/safety requirements
  as consequence of the negotiations
• Information about use in special environments,
  e.g. potentially explosive atmosphere.

42
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Capacity and design information
• Rated load
• Rated speed
• Environmental restrictions as temperature range
• Sound pressure level (dB(A))
• Dimensions and weights
• Power supply data
• Safety devices
• Type of safety devices, e.g. overspeed detection
  device, safety gear, pawl devices, final limit
  switches, landing door locks, etc.)
• Additional safety equipment for erection,
  dismantling and maintenance.
• Instructions for erection and dismantling
• Instructions for tests before putting into
  service
• Instructions for operating and usage
• Breakdown procedures

43
prEN 81-31 Information for use

• Regular inspection and maintenance
• the items to be checked and their suitability for
  use
• which parts of the lift can be replaced, which
  are subject to wear, their identification means
  and the criteria for replacement,
• Minimum documents that need to be provided
• Drawings and documents necessary to install the
  AGO lift
• Drawings and diagrams necessary for putting into
  service
• Drawings and diagrams necessary for maintenance,
  inspection, checking of correct operation,
  repair.
• Logbook
• The logbook of an AGO lift shall be drawn up at
  the latest at the time the installation is put
  into service.

44
prEN 81-31 Annexes

• Annex A (normative)List of the electric safety
  devices
• Annex B (normative)Unlocking triangle
• Annex C (normative)Technical dossier
• Annex D (normative)Examinations and tests before
  putting into service
• Annex E (informative)Periodical examinations and
  tests, examinations and tests after an important
  modification or after an accident
• Annex F (Normative)Safety components - Test
  procedures for verification of conformity

45
prEN 81-31 Annexes

• Annex G (normative)Driving systems taken into
  account in this standard
• G.1 Traction and positive drive
• G.2 Hydraulic drive
• Annex H (informative)Construction of walls of
  AGO lift well and landing doors facing a LCU
  entrance
• Annex I (normative)Calculations of rams,
  cylinder and pipes
• Annex J (informative)Information to the
  user/owner of an AGO lift
• J.1 Means of access to machinery space entrance
  of the AGO lift
• J.2 Maintenance work carried out from a step of
  a ladder
• J.3 Lighting and socket outlets
• J.4 Local lighting of openings at landings

46
prEN 81-31 Annexes

• Annex K (normative)Electronic components -
  Failure exclusion
• Annex L (normative)Headrooms and pits
• (To be revised according to the latest
  requirements of prEN 81-21)
• L.1 Top clearances for traction drive AGO lifts
• L.2 Top clearances for electric lifts with
  Positive Drive and Hydraulic lifts
• L.3 Clearances in the pit for electric and
  hydraulic lifts
• Annex ZA (informative)Clauses of this European
  Standard addressing essentialrequirements or
  other provisions of EU Directives
• Bibliography (to be completed)

47
prEN 81-31 Annexes

• Annex H (informative)
• Construction of walls of AGO lift well and
  landing doors facing a LCU entrance

48
prEN 81-31 Q A

• Are there
• any
• Questions?

49
prEN 81-31

• Thank you for your kind attention