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Hinduism

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The unchanging, all powerful spiritual force. Part of the transcendent ... Kali, destroyer of demons. Plus about 330 million other ... One Ocean, Many Names ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hinduism


1
Hinduism
2
What is Hinduism?
  • One of the oldest religions of humanity
  • The religion of the Indian people
  • Gave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism
  • Tolerance and diversity "Truth is one, paths are
    many"
  • Many deities but a single, impersonal Ultimate
    Reality
  • A philosophy and a way of life focused both on
    this world and beyond

3
Hinduism
  • Complex Religon
  • No single founder, no single sacred text

4
Hinduism
  • Developed out of belief system brought by the
    Aryans into the Indus Valley

5
How did Hinduism begin?
  • No particular founder
  • Indus River Valley Civilization gt5000 years ago
  • Aryans enter 4000 - 3500 years ago
  • Vedic Tradition 3500 2500 years ago
  • rituals and many gods (polytheism)
  • sacred texts (Vedas)
  • social stratification (caste system)
  • Upanishads (metaphysical philosophy) 2800 2400
    years ago
  • Vedic Tradition develops into Hinduism

6
Indo-European Migrations
7
The Indus Valley
8
Indus Valley Map
9
Hinduism
  • Many forms of worship
  • Many gods and goddesses
  • Share certain beliefs

10
Hinduism
  • God is one, but wise people know it by many
    names.

11
Hinduism
  • Brahman
  • The unchanging, all powerful spiritual force.
    Part of the transcendent (that which is beyond
    the physical and the ability of the human mind to
    comprehend it)

12
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What do Hindus believe?
  • One impersonal Ultimate Reality Brahman
  • Manifest as many personal deities
  • True essence of life Atman, the soul, is
    Brahman trapped in matter (That art thou)
  • Reincarnation atman is continually born into
    this world lifetime after lifetime (Samsara)
  • Karma spiritual impurity due to actions keeps
    us bound to this world (good and bad)
  • Ultimate goal of life to release Atman and
    reunite with the divine, becoming as one with
    Brahman (Moksha)

14
Hinduism
  • Most people will not achieve moksha in one
    lifetime.
  • Belief in reincarnation allows people to continue
    working towards moksha through several lifetimes
  • In each existence, Hindus have to follow the laws
    of Karma.

15
Reincarnation
  • Samsara is the wheel of rebirth which means the
    soul is reborn
  • from one life form to another.
  • People may be reincarnated at a higher or lower
    level of existence depending on their karma from
    their present life.
  • People may be reborn as plants or animals or they
    may be elevated to a higher caste as a human.
  • Death is not final for Hindus as they expect to
    be reborn many times.

16
How does Hinduism directlife in this world?
  • Ahimsa -- concept of non-harming
  • Respect for all life vegetarian
  • Human life as supreme
  • Four stations of life (Caste) - priests
    teachers, nobles warriors, merchant class,
    servant class
  • Four stages of life student, householder,
    forest-dweller, renunciant/ascetic
  • Four duties of life pleasure, success, social
    responsibilities, religious responsibilities
    (moksha)

17
What are the spiritualpractices of Hinduism?
  • The Four Yogas - seeking union with the divine
  • Karma Yoga the path of action through selfless
    service (releases built up karma without building
    up new karma)
  • Jnana Yoga the path of knowledge (understanding
    the true nature of reality and the self)
  • Raja Yoga the path of meditation
  • Bhakti Yoga the path of devotion
  • Guru a spiritual teacher, especially helpful
    for Jnana and Raja yoga

18
Caste System
Four major castes
  • Brahmin priests
  • Kshatriya warriors and administrators
  • Vaistrya farmers, merchants, teachers, artisans
  • Sudras servants,laborers

19
How do Hindus worship?
  • Bhakti Yoga is seeking union with the divine
    through loving devotion to manifest deities
  • In the home (household shrines)
  • In the Temples (priests officiate)
  • Puja making offerings to and decorating the
    deity images
  • Darsan seeing the deity (not idol worship)
  • Prasad taking the divine within your own being
    through eating of food shared with the deity

20
Who do Hindus worship? the major gods of the
Hindu Pantheon
Brahma, the creator god
21
Who do Hindus worship? the major gods of the
Hindu Pantheon
Vishnu, the preserver god
Incarnates as ten avatars (descents) including
Rama (featured in the Ramayana)
Krishna (featured in the Mahabharata)
(Each shown with his consort, Sita and Radha,
respectively)
22
Who do Hindus worship? the major gods of the
Hindu Pantheon
Shiva, god of constructive destruction(the
transformer)
Appears as Shiva Nataraj,lord of the dance of
creation
and with his wife, Parvati, and son Ganesha
23
Hinduism
  • Ganesh
  • (the elephant headed remover of obstacles)

24
What about the goddesses?Devi the feminine
divine
Saraswati, goddess of wisdom, consort ofBrahma
25
What about the goddesses?Devi the feminine
divine
Lakshmi, goddess of good fortune, consortof
Vishnu
26
What about the goddesses?Devi the feminine
divine
Parvati, divine mother, wife ofShiva
27
What about the goddesses?Devi the feminine
divine
Durga, protectress
Kali, destroyer of demons
Plus about 330 million other deities
28
Ganges River
29
Ganges River
30
And we too are manifest forms of God!
We are not human beingshaving spiritual
experiencesWe are spiritual beingshaving a
human experience!
That art Thou
Hinduism is about recognizing the all
pervasiveness of the divine
31
Gandhi the Father of India
For Gandhi, social concern was deeply rooted in
his conviction of the Sacredness of life. Gandhi
believed that human beings should strive to live
as simply as possible since overindulgence often
meant that others may have to do without their
basic needs. Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu
fanatic on January 30, l948 as India was gaining
its independence.
32
Explore Hinduism on the Web
  • The Hindu Universe Lots of information on
    Hinduism and the Hindu community on-line and
    around the world. Includes chat rooms and message
    board forums - www.hindunet.org
  • The Virtual Hindu Temple Contains some
    interesting and useful pages including Discover
    Hindu Gods Goddesses and FREQUENTLY ASKED
    QUESTIONS ABOUT HINDUISM. Also contains a gallery
    of deity images and a collection of links to
    Hindu sacred texts online and other sites related
    to Hinduism - www.rajdeepa.com/vmandir/vmandirinde
    x.htm
  • Hinduism for Schools provides basic, introductory
    info to teach primary and secondary level
    students about Hinduism - www.btinternet.com/vive
    kananda/schools1.htm

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One Ocean, Many Names
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