Forms of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies TSEs

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Forms of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies (TSEs)

• Sporadic

• Inherited

• Acquired

• Iatrogenic

• Means spread through medical procedures

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Characteristics of all TSEs

• Central Nervous System Failure

• Long Incubation Period

• No Cure

• Death

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HumanTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

• Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)

• Believed to be caused by consuming infective
  material from cattle affected by Bovine
  Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE).

• 128 people total affected since first recognized
  as a disease in 1995.

• BSE never reported in the U.S.

• vCJD 1 case in US in person that lived in UK
  for years

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HumanTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

• Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)

• Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

• Sporadic - Occurs 1 person per million throughout
  the world.

• Acquired

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HumanTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

• Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD)

• Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

• Kuru associated with cannibalism

• Fatal Familial Insomnia - inherited

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AnimalTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

• Scrapie in Sheep and Goats

• Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy (TME)in Mink

• Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)in Deer and Elk

• Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
• in Cattle, Cats, Kudu, and Nyala

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BSE NEVER Found in U.S.
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
1986 BSE Identified as a new disease
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
Feed Ban
1988 British Feed Ban Implemented
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
Feed Ban
2 to 8 year incubation from consumption to
clinical signs
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
Feed Ban
Peaked in 1992 with 37,280 cases.
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
Feed Ban
2001 had 1091 cases compared to 2514 cases in
1988 when feed ban was first implemented.
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Confirmed Cases BSE in UK
C O W S
Feed Ban
If ruminant producers follow U.S. Feed Ban then
U.S. should not have serious problem with BSE if
it occurs.
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U.S. Feed Rule

• Prohibits Feeding Ruminants Mammalian Proteins
  except

• Milk Products

• Blood Products

• Pure Pork

• Pure Horse

• Plate Waste

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Ruminant Producer Preventive Actions

• Look for and obey cautionary statement Do Not
  Feed Cattle or Other Ruminants on feed labels.

• Be aware that Pet Food often contains prohibited
  materials.

• Avoid cross contamination of ruminant feed with
  feeds that contain prohibited material.

• Keep records of any animal proteins fed to any
  animal.